Handwork in Wood

by William Noyes

EQUIPMENT AND CARE OF THE SHOP.

Tool equipment. The choice of tools in any particular shop best comes out of long experience. Some teachers prefer to emphasize certain processes or methods, others lay stress on different ones. The following tentative list is suggested for a full equipment for twenty-four students. One bench and its tools may be added for the teacher.

The prices given are quoted from Discount Sheet No. 1 for Catalogue of Tools, No. 355 issued by Hammacher, Schlemmer & Co., Fourth Avenue and 13th Street, New York City, dated 1908, and are correct at the present date (1910). Aggregate orders, however, are always subject to special concessions, and it is suggested that before ordering the purchaser submit a list of specifications for which special figures will be quoted.

There are good benches, vises, and tools of other makes on the market, but those specified below are typical good ones.

Following are two equipments for classes of twenty-four pupils, one severely economical to cost approximately $400, and the other more elaborate to cost approximately $750.

$400 TOOL EQUIPMENT.

INDIVIDUAL TOOLS.

24	Manual Training School Benches, H. & S. "L," @ $8.50.	$204.00
24	Stanley Jack-Planes, No. 5, 14", @ $1.74 each.	41.76
24	Disston's Back-Saws, No. 4, 10", @ 93c each.	22.32
12	Buck Brothers' Firmer-Chisels, No. 2, ¼", handled and sharpened.	2.21
12	Buck Brothers' Firmer-Chisels, No. 2, ½", handled and sharpened.	2.68
24	Buck Brothers' Firmer-Chisels, No. 2, 1", handled and sharpened.	7.31
24	Sloyd Knives, No. 7, 2½".	6.50
12	Hammond's Adze-eye Claw-Hammer, No. 3, 7 oz.	4.90
24	Try-squares, No. 5½, 6".	5.32
24	Beech Marking-Gages, No. 64½.	4.86
24	Boxwood Rules, No. 3, 12" long.	1.80
12	Faber's Measuring Compass, No. 1752.	1.50
12	Bench-Hooks.	2.00
12	Bench-Dusters, No. 10.	2.70
	Total for individual tools.	$309.86
GENERAL TOOLS
6	Disston's Crosscut-Saws, No. 7, 22", 10 points.	$ 6.75
6	Disston's Rip-Saws, No. 7, 22", 8 points.	6.75
2	Turning-Saws in frames, 14", M. F. & Co.	1.74
1	Dozen Turning-Saw Blades, 14", H. S. & Co.	1.06
1	Hack-Saw Frame, No. 50.	.45
1	Disston's Dovetail-Saw, 6", iron back.	.48
1	Stanley Miter-Box, No. 240.	8.20
2	Stanley Block-Planes, No. 65½.	1.56
1	Stanley Fore-Plane, No. 6.	2.22
1	Stanley Rabbet-Plane and Filletster, No. 78.	1.10
1	Stanley "Bed Rock" Plane, No. 603.	1.58
6	Iron Spokeshaves, No. 54.	1.42
1	Veneer-Scraper, No. 80.	.70
6	Each Molding-Scrapers, No. 2 and No. 7.	.90
1	Scraper Steel, Richardson's.	.10
3	Flat Bastard Files, K. & F., 8", handled.	.45
3	Half-Round Files, K. & F., 8", handled.	.55
3	Rat-tail Files, K. & F., 8", handled.	.33
4	Files, K. & F., 6", slim taper.	.36
1	Auger-Bit-File.	.13
1	File-Card, No. 1.	.14
1	Empire Tool-Grinder.	2.80
1	Grindstone, No. 11, with stone.	15.00
1	India Oilstone, No. 0, in box.	.95
1	Soft Arkansas Oil Slipstone, No. 6.	.18
1	Copperized Steel Oiler, No. 14A, ½ pint.	.23
2	Disston's Sliding T Bevel, No. 3, 6".	.46
1	Stanley Miter-Square, No. 16, 10".	.60
1	Sargent Steel Square, No. 2.	.69
1	Pair Starrett's Winged Dividers, No. 92, 8".	.75
1	Chisel, No. 2, ⅛", handled.	.20
3	Buck Brothers' Firmer-Gouges, No. 8, 1".	1.29
1	Buck Brothers' Gouge, No. 10, inside bevel, regular sweep, ¾".	.43
4	Barber's Braces, No. 14, 6" sweep.	3.52
1	Barber's Ratchet-Brace, No. 31, 12" sweep.	1.62
5	Gimlet-Bits, 1 each of 2⁄32", 3⁄32", 4⁄32", 5⁄32", 6⁄32".	.40
1	Set Auger-Bits, R. Jennings'.	4.46
1	Clark's Expansive-Bit, small.	.57
2	Screwdriver-Bits, ½", round blade, No. 10, 4".	.32
3	Rose Countersinks, No. 10, ⅝".	.68
6	Brad-Awls, assorted 1"-1½".	.30
1	Hand-Drill, No. 5½.	2.45
	Extra Drills, 2 each of No. 107, size, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60.	1.42
6	New Century Screwdrivers, 4".	.96
1	New Century Screwdriver, 12".	.54
6	O. K. Nailsets, assorted.	.42
6	Carpenter's Steel Bar Clamps, 3 ft.	9.60
12	Aldrich's Oiled Handscrews, No. 16, 10".	4.79
12	Aldrich's Oiled Handscrews, No. 17½, 6".	3.42
4	Carriage-Maker's Clamps, 6".	1.32
1	Automatic Miter-Clamp.	1.80
1	Pair Pliers, No. 200, 5".	.21
1	Coe's Monkey-Wrench, 10".	.60
1	Glue-Pot, No. 3.	.82
1	Parker's Wood-working Vise, No. 276.	8.07
1	Gas Stove, 99A.	.55
1	Pair End-Cutting Nippers, No. 154, 5".	.88
1	Glass-Cutter, No. 10.	.27
3	Flat Varnish Brushes, No. 54, 1½", hard-rubber-bound (for shellac).	.96
6	Cheap Brushes, 1", tin-bound (for stains), "EE".	.90
6	Extra Jack-Plane Cutters (No. 5).	1.80
6	Enamel Cups, ½ pint.	.60
1	Maple Yard-Stick, No. 41.	.17
	Total for general tools.	$114.97
	Total for individual tools.	309.86
		$424.83
	Discount for schools, 10 per cent.	42.48
		$382.35
	Lockers for individual work.	$150.00
$750 TOOL EQUIPMENT
INCLUDING 1 BENCH AND SET OF TOOLS FOR INSTRUCTOR AND INDIVIDUAL TOOLS
25	Manual Training School Benches, Hammacher, Schlemmer & Co.'s "J" with Toles' quick-acting Vise on side, @ $20.	$500.00
25	Stanley Jack-Planes, No. 5, 14", @ $1.74 each.	43.50
25	Disston's Back-Saws, No. 4, 10", @ 93c each.	23.25
25	Buck Brothers' Firmer-Chisels, ¼", handled and sharpened, @ $2.21 doz.	4.61
25	Buck Brothers' Firmer-Chisels, ½", handled and sharpened, @ $2.68 doz.	5.58
25	Buck Brothers' Firmer-Chisels, 1", handled and sharpened, @ $3.65.	7.61
30	Sloyd Knives, No. 7, 2½" blade (6 extra) @ $3.25 doz.	8.12
25	Hammond's Adze-eye Hammers, No. 3, 7 oz., @ $4.90 doz.	10.21
25	Round Hickory Mallets, No. 4, @ $1.40 doz.	2.91
25	Hardened Blade Try-Squares, No. 5½, 6", @ $2.66 doz.	5.57
25	Beech Marking-Gages, No. 64½, 8", @ $2.43 doz.	5.07
25	Steel Bench-Rules, No. 300D, @ $4.80 doz.	10.00
36	Faber's Measuring Compass, No. 1752 (12 extra).	4.50
25	Maple Bench-Hooks, @ $2.00 doz.	4.18
25	Bench-Dusters, No. 10, @ $2.70 doz.	5.63
	Total for individual tools.	$640.74
GENERAL TOOLS
6	Disston's Crosscut-Saws, No. 7, 22", 10 points.	$ 6.75
6	Disston's Rip-Saws, No. 7, 22", 8 points.	6.75
4	Turning-Saws in frames, 14".	3.48
1	Doz. Turning-Saw Blades, 14".	1.06
1	Compass-Saw, Disston's No. 2, 10".	.27
1	Stanley Miter-Box, No. 240.	8.20
1	Disston's Dovetail-Saw, 6", iron back.	.48
2	Coping-Saws, No. 110.	.40
1	Gross Coping-Saw Blades, 6".	1.00
6	Stanley Block-Planes, No. 65½.	4.68
1	Stanley Fore-Plane, No. 6.	2.22
1	Stanley Rabbet-Plane and Filletster, No. 78.	1.10
2	Stanley's "Bed Rock" Smooth-Planes, No. 603 or Sargent's Adjustable-Frog Smooth-Plan.	3.16
12	Extra Jack-Plane Cutters (No. 5), 2".	3.60
1	Stanley Beading Rabbet, and Matching Plane, No. 45.	5.85
1	Stanley Router-Plane, No. 71.	1.37
6	Iron Spokeshaves, No. 54.	1.42
6	Pattern-Makers' Spokeshaves, applewood, small, 1½".	1.52
2	Drawing-Knives, White's No. 31, 6".	1.60
1	Stanley Adjustable Scraper-Plane, No. 112, with toothing cutter.	1.43
1	Veneer-Scraper, No. 80.	.70
3	Each Molding-Scrapers, No. 2, No. 7.	.45
2	Dowel-Pointers, No. 1.	.60
1	Dowel-Plate.	.30
1	Scraper Steel, Richardson's.	.10
1	Iron Screw-Box, French, ⅜".	1.80
4	Flat Bastard Files, K. & F., 8", handled.	.60
4	Half-Round Files, K. & F., 8", handled.	.72
4	Rat-tail Files, K. & F., 8", handled.	.44
4	Files, 6", slim taper.	.36
2	Auger-Bit-Files.	.25
1	File-Card, No. 1.	.14
1	Empire Tool-Grinder.	2.80
1	Grindstone, No. 11, (iron frame and stone).	15.00
2	India Oilstones, No. 29 (medium), in iron box.	1.34
1	Soft Arkansas Oil Slipstone, No. 6.	.18
2	Copperized Steel Oilers, 14A, ½ pint.	.46
6	Disston's Sliding T Bevels, No. 3, 6".	1.38
1	Stanley Miter-Square, No. 16, 10".	.60
1	Sargent Steel Square, No. 2.	.60
2	Pairs Dividers, Starrett's winged, No. 92, 8".	1.50
3	Scratch-Awls, Collier's, 4".	.33
1	Pair Trammel-Points, No. 1.	.74
1	Try-Square, No. 5½, 12", hardened blade.	.52
1	Mortise-Gage, No. 77.	.55
1	Cutting-Gage, No. 70.	.17
3	Each Firmer-Chisels, Buck Bros.' No. 2, handled and sharpened; 1⁄16", ⅛", 3⁄16", ⅜", ¾", 1½".	4.42
3	Each outside-Bevel Gouges, Buck Bros.' Firmer, No. 8 handled and sharpened: ¼", ½", ¾", 1".	3.55
3	Addis' Carving-Tools, round maple handles, No. 11, 5⁄32".	.96
3	Addis' Veining-Tools, round maple handles, No. 11, 1⁄16".	.96
3	Inside-Bevel Gouges, regular sweep, No. 10, ¾".	1.29
6	Barber's Nickel-Plated Braces, No. 14, 6" sweep.	5.25
1	Barber's Ratchet-Brace, No. 31, 12" sweep.	1.62
3	Each German Gimlet-Bits, 2⁄32", 3⁄32", 4⁄32", 5⁄32", 6⁄32".	1.00
3	Each Russell Jennings' Auger-Bits, 3⁄16", 4⁄16", 5⁄16", 6⁄16", 7⁄16", 8⁄16".	4.18
2	Each Russell Jennings' Auger-Bits, genuine, 10⁄16", 11⁄16", 12⁄16", 13⁄16", 14⁄16", 15⁄16", 16⁄16".	6.19
1	Each Foerstner's Auger-Bits, ¼", ⅜", ½".	1.79
1	Clark's Expansive-Bit, ½" to 1½".	.57
3	Buck Bros.' Rose Countersinks, No. 10, ⅝".	.78
1	Washer-Cutter, No. 350.	.65
1	Plug-Cutter, ⅜".	.32
2	Screwdriver-Bits, ½", round blade, 4" long.	.32
4	Each Brad-Awls, handled, 1", 1¼", 1½".	.60
6	New Century Screwdrivers, 4".	.96
1	New Century Screwdriver, 12".	.54
1	New Century Screwdriver, 8".	.36
1	New Century Screwdriver, 3½", slim.	.16
1	Dowel-Plate, cast steel.	.30
6	O.K. Nailsets, assorted 1⁄16", 3⁄32", ⅛".	.42
6	Carpenter Steel Bar Clamps, 3 ft.	9.60
2	Carpenter Steel Bar Clamps, 5 ft.	3.60
12	Aldrich's Oiled Handscrews, No. 16, 10".	4.79
12	Aldrich's Oiled Handscrews, No. 17½, 6".	3.42
4	Carriage-Makers' Clamps, 6".	1.32
1	Automatic Miter-Clamp.	1.80
2	Doz. Acme Pinch-Dogs, ¾".	.30
1	Glue-Pot, No. 3.	.82
1	Gas Stove, No. 99A.	.55
1	Coe's Monkey-Wrench, 10".	.60
1	Glass-Cutter, No. 10.	.27
6	Flat Varnish Brushes No. 54. 1½", hard-rubber-bound (for shellac).	1.58
12	Cheap Brushes, tin-bound, (for stains), EE, 1".	1.80
6	Enameled Cups, ½ pint.	.60
1	Maple Yard-Stick, No. 41.	.17
1	Pair Blackboard Compasses or Dividers.	1.50
1	Blackboard Triangle, 45°.	.50
1	Blackboard Triangle, 30° × 60°.	.50
	Total for general tools.	$189.83
METAL WORKING TOOLS
1	Bench, No. 1, without vises.	$ 8.00
1	Parker's Wood-working Vise, No. 276.	8.07
1	Hand-Vise, No. 1230½, 4".	.54
1	Hay-Budden Anvil, 10 lb.	3.07
1	Riveting-Hammer, Atha, 4 oz.	.32
1	Rivet-Set, No. 4.	.27
1	Cold-Chisel, ⅜" cutting edge.	.11
1	Cold-Chisel, ⅝" cutting edge.	.15
1	Cape-Chisel, ⅜" cutting edge.	.13
1	Round-nosed Chisel, ⅜".	.13
1	Pair End-Cutting Nippers, No. 154, 5".	.88
1	Pair Compton's Metal Snips, No. 12, 2".	.63
2	Pair Flat-nose Pliers, No. 1806½, 5".	.58
1	Die-Holder, No. 11.	.32
1	Die, ⅝" × ¼", 6⁄32".	.27
1	Hand-Drill, No. 5½.	2.45
	Extra Drills, Morse's No. 107, 2 each, Nos. 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60.	1.42
1	Metal Countersink, No. 15, ⅝".	.18
1	Hack-Saw Frame, No. 50.	.45
6	Hack-Saw Blades, 8", H. S. & Co.	.25
1	Melting Ladle, 3".	.19
1	Soldering Copper, 1 lb.	.31
1	Mill Bastard File, 8", 1 safe edge, handled. }
1	Mill Smooth File, 6", handled. }
1	Square Bastard File, 8", handled. }
1	Half-round Bastard File, 8", handled. }
1	Slim Taper Saw-File, 6", handled. }
1	Round Bastard File, 4", handled. }	.85
1	Atha Machinist's Hammer, Ball-peen, 6 oz.	.38
	Total for metal working tools.	$29.95
	Glue and Stain Bench.	$ 15.00
	Lockers for individual work for 360 pupils.	360.00
	Nail and Screw Cabinet.	35.00
		$410.00
	Individual Tools.	$640.74
	General Tools.	189.83
		$830.57
	Discount for schools, 10 per cent.	83.06
	Cabinets, lockers, etc.	$747.51
		410.00
		$1,157.51

THE CARE OF THE WOODWORKING SHOP

The general arrangement of the room. The important factors are the source or sources of light, and the lines of travel. The common arrangement of benches where two sides of the room are lighted, is shown in a, Fig. 238. By this arrangement, as each worker faces his bench, he also faces one set of windows and has another set of windows at his left. The advantage of this arrangement is that it is easy to test one's work with the try-square by lifting it up to the light. Another arrangement, shown in b, Fig. 238, has this advantage, that there are no shadows on the work when it is lying on the bench and the worker is holding his rule or try-square on it with his left hand. When all the windows are on one side of the room the latter is the more advantageous arrangement.