[44] S. Reinach, L’Anthropologie (1903), p. 257.
[45] Such is the solution which Bates (Ancient Egyptian Fishing, 1917, p. 205) offers of the presence in the pre-dynastic Egyptian graves of the numerous slate palettes bearing the profile of a fish or beast.
[46] Frazer, Golden Bough. Taboo, Part ii. (London, 1911), p. 191 ff.
[47] W. H. Dall, “Social Life among the Aborigines,” The American Naturalist (1878), vol. xii. J. G. Frazer, Folk Lore in the Old Testament (London, 1918), vol. iii. p. 123.
[48] See Dr. F. Keller’s The Lake Dwellers in Switzerland (translated, London, 1878, by John Edward Lee), vol. ii. pl. 136, fig. 2. This net of cord with meshes not quite three-eighths of an inch in width was almost certainly made, it was certainly well suited, for fishing. Another example with meshes two inches wide, probably formed part of a hunting net. R. Munro, The Lake Dwellings of Europe (London, 1890), p. 504, mentions fishing-nets from Robenhausen and Vinetz—both belonging to the late Neolithic Age. O. Schrader, Reallexikon der indogermanischen Altertumskunde (Strassburg, 1901), p. 242, records “remains of nets” in the Stone Age settlements of Denmark and Sweden, which he classes as fishing nets.
[49] Les Origines de la Pêche et de la Navigation, Paris.
[50] An excellent monograph, with hundreds of illustrations, by E. Krause (“Vorgeschichtliche Fischereigeräte und Neuere Vergleichsstüche”) contained in the magazine, Zeitschrift für Fischerei, xi. Band ¾ Heft (Berlin, 1904), p. 208, states that hooks of the Stone Age are numerous, but unfortunately he does not discriminate between the Old and New Stone Ages. Palæolithic finds mention but once in his 176 pages.
[51] Types de la Madelaine, p. 222, fig. 78.
[52] H. J. Osborne, The Men of the Stone Age (1915), p. 465.
[53] Reliquiæ Aquitanicæ (London, 1875), ii. p. 58. Christy’s solitary buttress for his opinion is a reference to “a Nootka Sound fishing implement,” which is identical (according to Rau, fig. 9) with a hook described in Mr. J. G. Swan’s The Indians of Cape Flattery, as used by the Makahs solely (and successfully) for the halibut, because “its mouth is vertical, instead of horizontal, like most fish.” The absence of halibut from débris or representations scarcely strengthens Christy’s opinion.