In Esperanto, any word can be combined with any other word or words to form a compound word. Considerable use is made of prepositions for this purpose. The requisite grammatical ending must of course be added in each case. The student should carefully study the following words, and also those given above, and endeavour to form words for himself.[9] Ability to form words readily is absolutely necessary to fluent speech or composition in the language. In the examples given below the component parts of the words are separated by a small stroke ('), but these are of course omitted in ordinary usage:
| | INDEFINITE | Interrog. Rel. K | Demonstrative T | Distributive Ĉ | Negative NEN |
|---|
| QUALITY | IA
Some (kind of)
Any (kind of) | KIA
What (sort of)?
| TIA
That sort of
Such (a) | ĈIA
Each kind of
Every (kind of) | NENIA
No (kind of)
|
| REASON | IAL
For some reason
For any reason | KIAL
For what reason?
Why? | TIAL
For that reason
Therefore | ĈIAL
For every reason
On every account | NENIAL
For no reason
On no account |
| TIME | IAM
At some time
Sometimes, ever | KIAM
At what time?
When? | TIAM
At that time
Then | ĈIAM
At all times
Always, each time | NENIAM
At no time
Never |
| PLACE | IE
At any place
Somewhere | KIE
At what place?
Where? | TIE
In that place
There | ĈIE
At each place
Everywhere | NENIE
At no place
Nowhere |
| MANNER | IEL
In some way
anyhow | KIEL
In what way?
How? Like, as | TIEL
In that way
So, thus, as | ĈIEL
In every way
In each way | NENIEL
In no way
Nohow |
| POSSESSION | IES
Somebody's
Anybody's | KIES
Whose?
What person's? | TIES
That one's
That person's | ĈIES
Everyone's
Each one's | NENIES
Nobody's
No one's |
| THING | IO
Something
Anything | KIO
What (thing)?
| TIO
That (thing)
| ĈIO
All
Everything | NENIO
Nothing
Nought |
| QUANTITY | IOM
Some
A little | KIOM
How much?
What Quantity? | TIOM
So much
That quantity | ĈIOM
All
The whole quantity | NENIOM
None
|
| INDIVIDUALITY | IU
Anyone | KIU
What person? | TIU
That one | ĈIU
Everyone, every | NENIU
Nobody, no one |
| English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation. |
|---|
| Do you speak English? | Ĉu vi parolas angle? | choo vee pahro'lahss ahn'gleh? |
| I do not speak English. | Mi ne parolas angle. | mee neh pahro'lahss ahn'gleh |
| Is there anyone here who speaks Esperanto? | Ĉu estas ĉi tie iu, kiu parolas Esperante? | choo eh'stahss chee tee'eh ee'oo, kee'oo pahro'lahss espehrahn'teh? |
| How long have you learnt? | Dum kiom da tempo vi lernadis? | doom kee'ohm dah tehm'po vi lehrnah'deess? |
| A short time only | Dum nur mallonga tempo | doom noor mahl-lohn'gah tehmpo |
| You have a good accent | Vi havas bonan akcenton | vee ha'vahss boh'nahn ahk-tsehn'ton |
| I find the pronunciation very easy | Mi trovas la elparoladon tre facila | mee tro'vahss lah ehl-parolah'dohn treh faht-see'lah |
| If you please | Se plaĉas | seh plah'chahss |
| Thank you; thanks! | Mi dankas; dankon! | mee dahn'kahss; dahn'kohn! |
| I thank you | Mi dankas vin | mee dahn'kahss veen |
| Much obliged | Vi estas tre kompleza | vee eh'stahss treh kohmpleh'zah |
| Have the goodness | Havu la bonecon | hah'voo lah bo-neht'sohn |
| Yes, sir | Jes, sinjoro | yehss, seen-yoh'roh |
| Yes, miss | Jes, fraŭlino | yehss, frahw-lee'no |
| No, madam | Ne, sinjorino | neh, seen-yoh-ree'no |
| Allow me | Permesu (min) | pehrmeh'soo (meen) |
| Bring me | Alportu al mi | ahlpohr'too ahl mee |
| Do you understand? | Ĉu vi komprenas? | choo vee kohmpreh'nahss? |
| I do not understand | Mi ne komprenas | mee neh kohm-preh'nahss |
| I understand | Mi komprenas | mee kohm-preh'nahss |
| Give me | Donu al mi | doh'noo ahl mee |
| Send me | Sendu al mi | sehn'doo ahl mee |
| Tell me | Diru al mi | deer'oo ahl mee |
| Will you kindly tell me? | Ĉu vi afable dirus al mi? | choo vee ahfah'bleh deer'ooss ahl mee? |
| What do you say? | Kion vi diras? | kee'ohn vee deer'ahss? |
| I beg your pardon | Mi petas vian pardonon | mee peh'tahss vee'ahn pahrdoh'nohn |
| Speak louder | Parolu pli laŭte | pa-ro'loo plee lah'w-teh |
| What did you ask? | Kion vi demandis? | kee'ohn vee deh-mahn'deess? |
| What does it signify? | Kion tio signifas? | kee'ohn tee'oh signee'fahss? |
| It is nothing | (Ĝi) estas nenio | (jee) eh'stahss neh-nee'o |
| It is all the same to me | Estas por mi indiferente | ehstahss pohr mee indifehrehn'teh |
| Never mind | Ne zorgu pri tio | neh zor'goo pree tee'oh |
| What is the matter? | Kio estas? | kee'oh eh'stahss? |
| Nothing | Nenio | nehnee'oh |
| It is all a mistake | Estas pura eraro | eh'stahss poor'ah ehrahr'oh |
| What is it about? | Pri kio estas? | pree kee'oh eh'stahss? |
| What is to be done? | Kion fari? | kee'ohn fahr'ee? |
| I haven't a notion | Mi tute ne scias | mee too'teh neh stsee'ahs |
| That depends | Tio dependas | tee'oh dehpehn'dahss |
| I don't believe it | Mi ne kredas ĝin | mee neh kred'ahss jeen |
| Of course | Kompreneble | kohmpreh-neh'bleh |
| On the contrary | Kontraŭe | kohntrah'weh |
| Once for all | Unu fojon por ĉiam | oonoo foyohn por chee'ahm |
| After all | Kiam ĉio estas konsiderita | kee'ahm chee'oh eh'stahss kohn-seedeh-ree'tah |
| That is of no consequence | Tio ne estas grava | tee'oh neh eh'stahss grah'vah |
| The other day | La alian tagon | lah ahlee'ahn tah'gohn |
| At the end of a year | Post unu jaro | post oo'noo yah'ro |
| Between ourselves | Inter ni | in'tehr nee |
| Everybody knows | Ĉiu scias | chee'oo stsee'ahss |
| I remember it | Mi memoras tion | mee meh-mohr'ahss tee'ohn |
| All at once | Subite | soobee'teh |
| Sooner or later | Frue aŭ malfrue | froo'eh ahw mahlfroo'eh |
| Ever so little | Tre tre malmulte | treh treh mahl-mool'teh |
| You are joking | Vi ŝercas | vee shehrt'sahss |
| You are right | Vi estas prava | vee eh'stahss pra'vah |
| Leave me alone | Lasu min trankvila | lahsoo meen trahnkvee'lah |
| Don't be angry | Ne koleru | neh ko-lehr'oo |
| So much the more | Tiom pli | tee'ohm plee |
| For want of time | Pro manko de tempo | pro mahn'ko deh tehm'po |
| Take this | Prenu tion | preh'noo tee'ohn |
| Make haste! | Rapidu! | rahpee'doo! |
| Come along! | Venu! | veh'noo! |
| Take care! | Zorge! | zohr'gheh! |
| Look out! | Atentu! | ahtehn'too! |
| Listen! | Aŭskultu! | ahw-skool'too! |
| Come in! | Eniru! | ehneer'oo! |
| (Come) here! | (Venu) tien ĉi! | (veh'noo) tee'ehn chee! |
| Go away! | Foriru! | for-eer'oo! |
| This way | Tien ĉi | tee'ehn chee |
| That way | Tien | tee'ehn |
| Too soon | Tro frue | tro froo'eh |
| Too late | Tro malfrue | tro mahl-froo'eh |
| Who is it calls me? | Kiu min vokas? | kee'oo meen vo'kahss? |
| What do you want? | Kion vi volas? | kee'ohn vee vo'lahss? |
| Would you kindly? | Ĉu vi afable…? | choo vee ahfah'bleh…? |
| Do your best | Faru vian eblon | fahroo vee'ahn eh'blohn |
| It only depends upon you | Tio dependas nur de vi | tee'oh dehpehn'dahss noor deh vee |
| With all my heart | Kun mia tuta koro | koon mee'ah too'tah kohr'oh |
| I am going to town | Mi iras urbon | mee eer'ahss oor'bohn |
| Are we going anywhere? | Ĉu ni ien iras? | choo nee ee'ehn eer'ahss? |
| Where have you come from? | De kie vi venis? | deh kee'eh vee veh'neess? |
| Don't go away | Ne foriru | neh for-eer'oo |
| I shall go home | Mi iros hejmen | mee eer'ohss heh'y-mehn |
| He has come back | Li revenis | lee rehveh'neess |
| He has just come in | Li ĵus eniris | lee zhooss ehneer'eess |
| On horseback | Surĉevale | soor-chehvah'leh |
| From top to bottom | De supre ĝis malsupre | deh soo'preh jees mahl-soo'preh |
| Upstairs | Supre | soo'preh |
| Downstairs | Malsupre | mahl-soo'preh |
| In some way or other | Iel | ee'ehl |
| In the meantime | Intertempe | in'tehr-tehm'peh |
| First of all | Unue | oonoo'eh |
| That is just like you! | Jen ja via maniero! | yehn yah vee'ah mah-nee-ehr'oh! |
| It is not my fault | Mi ne estas kulpa pri tio | mee neh eh'stahss kool'pah pree tee'oh |
| That is what vexes me | Jen kio min kolerigas | yehn kee'oh meen kol-ehree'gahss |
| Don't imagine that… | Ne imagu (al vi), ke… | neh imah'goo (ahl vee), keh… |
| What good is it? | Kion (ĝi) utilas? | kee'ohn jee ootee'lahss? |
| Where was I? | Kie mi estis? | kee'eh mee eh'steess? |
| As for me | Pri mi mem | pree mee mehm |
| He began to laugh | Li komencis ridi | lee komehnt'seess ree'dee |
| I cannot see any longer | Mi ne plu povas vidi | mee neh ploo po'vahss vee'dee |
| Three are enough for me | Tri sufiĉas por mi | tree soofee'chahss pohr mee |
| One is as good as the other | Unu estas tiel bona, kiel la alia | oo'noo eh'stahss tee'ehl bo'nah, kee'ehl la ah-lee'ah |
| Will you give me? | Ĉu vi donos al mi? | choo vee doh'nohss ahl mee? |
| Everything considered | Post plena konsiderado | post pleh'nah konsid-eh-rah'doh |
| I can do without it | Ĝi ne estas nepre necesa | jee neh eh'stahss neh'preh nehtseh'sah |
| I have been told | Oni diris al mi | o'nee deer'eess ahl mee |
| I have come to tell you | Mi venis por diri al vi | mee veh'neess por deer'ee ahl vee |
| I am sure of it | Mi estas certa pri tio | mee eh'stahss tsehr'tah pree tee'oh |
| I don't think much of it | Mi ne multe ŝatas ĝin | mee neh mool'teh shah'tahss jeen |
| I have nothing to say against it | Mi havas nenion por diri kontraŭ ĝi | mee hah'vahss nehnee'ohn pohr deeree kohn-trahw jee |
| As much as I can | Tiom, kiom mi povas | tee'ohm, kee'ohm mee po'vahss |
| I like being here | Mi ŝatas esti tie ĉi | mee shah'tahss eh'stee tee'eh chee |
| That comes to the same thing | Tio estas la sama afero | tee'oh eh'stahss la sahmah ahfeh'ro |
| It answers the purpose | Ĝi taŭgas por la celo | jee tah'w-gahss pohr la tseh'lo |
| I value it very much | Mi tre alte taksas ĝin | mee treh ahl'teh tahk'sahss jeen |
| I cannot do it | Mi ne povas fari ĝin | mee neh po'vahss fahr'ee jeen |
| I am used to it | Mi kutimas tion | mee kootee'mahss tee'ohn |