[471] Board of Arbitration on Question of Canadian Pacific Differentials Proceedings and Decision, Oct. 12, 1898.

[472] Typical cases 8 Int. Com. Rep., p. 47; and 10 I.C.C. Rep., p. 675.

[473] The Central Yellow Pine case, No. 681, 1903; and Op. 705, 1906. Also in 1912, 22 I.C.C. Rep., p. 239.

[474] Best described by Bowes, Senate (Elkins) Committee, 1905, p. 2851.

[475] 14 I.C.C. Rep., 11.

[476] 23 I.C.C. Rep., 169 and 438.

[477] 18 Idem, p. 280; cf. p. [209], supra.

[478] 8 Int. Com. Rep., p. 121, is typical of a large number.

[479] 23 I.C.C. Rep., p. 448: U. S. Commerce Court, April session, 1912, No. 47. Ann. Rep., I.C.C., 1896, p. 78. Extensive investigations concluded July 6, 1912.

[480] The literature upon this subject, aside from the decisions specifically noted below, is voluminous. The Senate (Elkins) Committee, 1905, vol. V, devotes much attention to it as a constitutional difficulty in the way of amendment of the law. The admirable catalogue prepared by the Bureau of Railway Economics, 1912, at p. [126], well covers the field. Cf. chap. X, p. [361], supra.