[18.2] tendezuela, depreciative diminutive of tienda.
[18.3] bacalao, also written bacallao.
[18.4] botes, cans.
[18.5] a medio consumir, half consumed. The infinitive represents progressive condition, whereas the past participle (medio consumido) would indicate stationary condition.
[18.6] no se daba por ofendida, took no offence.
[18.7] maestro de primeras letras, primary teacher.
[18.8] percalina, percaline, lining-cotton.
[18.9] sujetos, fastened.
[18.10] hacía gala, displayed, paraded.
[18.11] no eran parte, did not avail, were not sufficient. Parte, in this expression, has the meaning of "[sufficient] cause."