34. GLYPHOMITRIUM. Schwg.
228. G. Daviesii. Schwg. St. ½in. cæspitose; l. linear-lanceolate spreading entire, margin thickened and reflexed below, strongly nerved to apex, areolæ minute, larger at base; caps. erect, almost globose, with a reddish mouth and long rostrate lid; per. teeth converging when moist, reflexed when dry; calyp. large, laciniate at base.
Clefts of rocks. VI. VII.
Giant’s Causeway; Llanberis; Glenarbuck, May, 1863 (W. Galt and McCartney); New Kilpatrick, Killin (McKinlay); Ardtun Mull (Dr. Black); Skye (Hunt); Blairlogie; Craigallion; Campsie Hills (Thompson and Galt).
35. PTYCHOMITRIUM. B. & S.
229. P. polyphyllum. B. & S. St. ½in. tufted; l. linear-lanceolate from a broadish base, spreading, nerved to the dentate acute apex; caps. elliptical on a long twisted seta; calyp. plicate; lid long subulate.
Mountainous rocks and walls. III. IV.
36. ORTHOTRICHUM. B. & S.
A. Caps. on a very short seta, immersed or shortly exserted; ochrea distinct, calyptra with about ten furrows.
1. Caps. with 16 furrows.
230. O. cupulatum. Hoffm. St. under 1in.; l. spreading lanceolate keeled, lower brownish, nerve distinct; caps. obovate, urceolate when dry, with a shortly beaked lid; calyp. hairy; perist. simple, of 16 free equidistant teeth, spreading when dry.
Rocks and walls. IV. V.
2. Caps. with eight furrows.
231. O. Sturmii. Hop. & Hornsch. In loose cushions; st. short and erect, or longer and prostrate; l. patent and recurved when moist, incumbent when dry; margin subrevolute, acutely costato-carinate; caps. generally immersed, obovate, with eight obsolete striæ, when dry eight-ribbed and constricted below the mouth; calyp. more or less hairy, shining; per. teeth simple 16 equidistant, erect when dry, slightly incurved. [Bry. Eur. III., t. 109.]
Trap rocks. S. I. (Dr. Wood.) Summer.
232. O. Shawii. Sch. Resembles the last, but differs by its leaves being less solid and of looser texture at base; cells in one row always (not in two); by the fewer hairs on its shorter glossy white calyptra; and by its per. teeth densely papillose white and reflexed when dry. [Supp. Bry. Eur., fasc, I. II.]
On an ash tree at Kilkerran Castle, Argyleshire, 1860 (J. Shaw). VI.
233. O. obtusifolium. Schrad. In loose yellowish green tufts, brownish below; l. patulous oblong from an ovate base, apex obtuse hyaline and minutely serrulate, concave, margin incurved, papillose at back, per. l. broader and less obtuse: caps. oval immersed with eight orange striæ; cal. long naked whitish, with a brown tip; lid convex acuminate; per. teeth eight bi-geminate reflexed when dry, alternating with eight cilia: dioicous. (Bry. Eur. III., t. 208.)
On trunks of trees. York, Bristol. V.
234. O. pumilum. Swartz. (O. fallax, Br. Wils. B. & S. but not Schp. Syn.) Minute pulvinate; l. lanceolate acute, carinate, margin revolute; per. l. longer erect; caps. oblong, with eight orange striæ, neck gradually tapering into the seta; cal. long shining brown at apex; per. teeth eight bi-geminate yellow, densely papillose, reflexed when dry.
Ash trees at Inverkip and Dailly, Ayrshire.
235. O. fallax. Schp. Syn. 264, non Bruch. (O. pumilum, Dicks, Bry. Brit. B. & S., Müller, &c.) Differs from the above in having a more oblong thicker capsule, with deeper yellow striæ, with its neck shorter abrupt, not gradually narrowed, and with a shorter more inflated calyptra; l. elliptic-lanceolate and obtuse.
On trees, not common. E. I.
236. O. tenellum. Bruch. St. ½in. tufted; l. spreading, lanceolate-oblong or ligulate, obtuse; caps. yellow-brown, exserted, sub-cylindrical, not contracted at mouth when dry, broadly and distinctly striate; calyp. with a few short hairs, conico-campanulate, yellow; perist. yellow, eight teeth and eight cilia.
Trees, E. I. W. V. VI.
237. O. pallens. Bruch. St. erect short tufted; l. spreading, lanceolate or ligulate obtuse, margins revolute; caps. elliptic-oblong with a large apophysis, scarcely exserted, slightly contracted at mouth when dry; striæ broad; calyp. large pale yellow hairless. Perist. of eight yellow teeth and 16 cilia.
Trees. York. VI.
238. O. stramineum. Horns. St. short tufted; l. spreading, narrowly lanceolate acuminate, keeled, margin reflexed; caps. ovate-pyriform slightly exserted, striæ broad; calyp. large campanulate purple-tipped, slightly hairy; perist. 8 teeth, and 16 (sometimes only eight) cilia; vaginula hairy.
Trees and rocks. E. S. W. VI. VII.
239. O. fastigiatum. Bruch. St. longer, tufted with fastigiate branches; l. broader lanceolate, gradually tapering to a point, sub-erect; caps. almost pyriform, scarcely exserted, with broad striæ; calyp. brownish yellow hairy; per. teeth eight, and 16 broad short cilia.
Solitary trees, Yorkshire and Sussex. V. VI.
240. O. affine. Schrad. St. ½–1in. tufted branched; l. spreading, oblong-lanceolate, with a blunt point, margin revolute and slightly undulate, strongly papillose on both sides; caps. elliptic-oblong, somewhat exserted, contracted when dry, striæ narrow. Perist. eight pale teeth and eight filiform cilia; calyp. large greenish yellow hairy.
Trees, walls, &c., common. VI. VII.
241. O. rupestre. Schl. St. 1in. or more, cæspitose, creeping at base; l. broadly lanceolate, spreading, slightly recurved; caps. pyriform, mouth large, scarcely exserted, striæ indistinct; calyp. large yellow, with long hairs; perist. 16 pale teeth in pairs (equidistant when dry), and eight cilia.
Mountainous rocks. VII. VIII.
var. β. rupincola. “l. sub-erect, caps. smaller.” γ. “stem longer; caps. exserted, calyp. very hairy.”
242. O. speciosum. Nees. St. 1in. or more, tufted, branched; l. spreading, lanceolate, somewhat pointed, papillose, margins recurved; caps. shortly exserted elliptic-oblong, faintly striate at summit, lid conical beaked; calyp. large yellowish, with long hairs; perist. eight yellowish teeth, and eight cilia.
Trees, rare. Montrose and Corrie Mulzie. VII. VIII.
243. O. Lyellii. Hook. St. 2in. or more, loosely tufted, with erect branches; l. much spreading long linear-lanceolate, wavy, scarcely serrate at apex, and studded with papillæ and brownish gland-like bodies; caps. elliptic-oblong, with a distinct tapering apophysis, and faint striæ; calyp. very large, brown tipped, with a few long whitish hairs. Perist. 16 pale teeth, and 16 red-toothed cilia.
Old tree trunks, rare in fr. VII.
244. O. rivulare. Turn. St. long tufted, often floating; l. oblong-ovate flaccid, sometimes sub-secund, obtuse, with a strong nerve and small papillæ; margin recurved below: caps. pyriform, broadly striate, almost immersed; perist. eight teeth in pairs, afterwards nearly equidistant, and 16 cilia; calyp. large dull green hairless.
Rocks and tree trunks at edges of streams. E. W. I. IV. V.
245. O. Sprucei. Mont. St. ¼in. tufted; l. oblong-ovate or ligulate, apex rounded and tipped with an apiculus, scarcely reflexed, thinly nerved, not papillose; caps. pyriform, scarcely exserted, contracted at mouth when dry, striæ broad; lid with a short beak; calyp. reddish tipped, large, hairless; perist. 16 teeth, in pairs, yellowish, and eight, sometimes 16, cilia.
Trees near rivers. York, Matlock, Glasgow. V. VI.
246. O. diaphanum. Schrad. St. scarcely ½in. tufted; l. spreading, ovate-lanceolate, tapering to a slender diaphanous serrulate point, margin recurved; caps. somewhat pyriform, almost immersed, faintly striate; calyp. generally naked; perist. 16 equidistant teeth, sometimes split at apex, and 16 cilia.
Walls, trees, and palings. IV.
3. Caps. without furrows.
247. O. leiocarpum. B. & S. St. 1–3in. tufted, branched; l. spreading, lanceolate, pointed, margin strongly revolute; caps. large pale brown, obovate, perfectly smooth and not contracted at mouth when dry, scarcely exserted; calyp. hairy, sometimes naked; perist. 16 teeth and 16 erose cilia.
Trees. IV. V.
[N.B.—Notwithstanding the note in Lin. Soc. Jour., vol. XI. p. 465, I retain the name leiocarpum instead of striatum, as all the species in this section have a striate calyptra.]
B. Caps. on a long seta, much exserted.
1. Calyp. naked.
248. O. pulchellum. Sm. St. ¼in. tufted; l. spreading, soft, crisped when dry, linear-lanceolate bluntish, margin recurved; caps. pale, oval, with eight reddish striæ; perist. 16 reddish teeth in pairs, and 16 cilia; calyp. pale, without hairs, purplish at tip.
Trunks of trees. V.
2. Calyp. very hairy, furrowed; ochrea indistinct; l. dilated at base, and crisped when dry.
249. O. saxatile. Brid. (O. anomalum, Bry. Brit., p. 177.) St. erect sparingly branched; l. narrow lanceolate sharply acuminate, nerve thick, areolæ narrow at base; caps. narrow sub-cylindrical, much exserted, with eight long striæ prominent when dry, and then with eight shorter alternating spurious ones just below the mouth; per. teeth in pairs; calyp. hairy. [Supp. Bry. Eur. fasc. I. II.]
Limestone walls and rocks. Spring.
250. O. anomalum. Hedw. Sp. Musc, (non Bry. Brit.) St. erect simple, slightly branched; l. lower patulous remote, upper erecto-patent, lanceolate from an ovate base, margin revolute; caps. ovate-oblong, 16–striate; calyp. brownish hairy; per. t. pale equidistant erect when dry. [Bry. Eur., III., t. 210. Schp. Syn. 262.]
Trap rocks, Aberdour, Fifeshire (Dr. Wood); Conway.
Summer.
251. O. Ludwigii. Schw. St. ½in. creeping; l. subpatent or spreading, narrowly linear-lanceolate from an ovate base, contorted when dry, margin slightly undulate; caps. obovate, striate only at summit, much contracted at mouth when dry; perist. 16 teeth in pairs, afterwards equidistant, occasionally with short cilia.
Trees. Scotland, Ireland. VIII. IX.
252. O. crispulum. Hornsch. St. very minute tufted; l. small, linear-lanceolate, scarcely crisped when dry; caps. pyriform, small, thin, with eight inconspicuous striæ.
Trees, not common. Yorkshire, Sussex, English lakes. V. VI.
253. O. crispum. Hedw. St. about 1in. tufted; l. linear-lanceolate from an ovate base, slightly waved at margin, very much contorted when dry; caps. clavate, contracted at mouth when dry; apophysis gradually tapering into the thick seta; eight broad striæ; perist. eight teeth, and eight, sometimes 16, cilia.
Trees. VII. VIII.
254. O. calvescens. Wils. Differs from Bruchii by its shorter leaves more narrowly reticulated; calyp. scarcely hairy; caps. with a long tapering neck, lid more convex and shortly beaked; from crispum by its longer seta and shorter caps. not contracted at mouth when dry, and by its smooth glossy calyptra.
Trees. VI.
Killarney (Dr. Moore and Dr. Carrington); Dailly and Loch Doon (J. Shaw).
255. O. Bruchii. Brid. St. short tufted; l. spreading sharply linear-lanceolate from an ovate base, contorted when dry, sometimes wavy; caps. pyriform on a long seta, with eight broad striæ, and contracted at mouth when dry; calyp. blackish yellow, with many furrows and very hairy; perist. of 16 teeth in pairs, and eight, very seldom 16, cilia.
Trees. Scotland, Yorkshire, Westmoreland, &c. VII. VIII.
256. O. Drummondii. H. & G. St. longer, creeping, l. linear-lanceolate from a narrow ovate base, blunt-pointed, scarcely crisped, margin hardly recurved; caps. oblong-pyriform, deeply striate, and contracted at mouth when dry, on a long seta; calyp. with long stiff hairs; perist. of 16 teeth in pairs, and no cilia.
Trunks of young trees. S. I. E. VIII.
257. O. Hutchinsiæ. Sm. St. about ½in. tufted; l. erecto-patent broadly lanceolate, nerved to blunt apex, margin scarcely reflexed; caps. clavate-pyriform, with eight broad striæ, slightly contracted at mouth when dry; apophysis tapering; calyp. large, very hairy. Perist. 16 teeth in pairs, and eight short cilia, sometimes wanting.
Mountainous rocks. W. I. S. E. VII.
258. O. phyllanthum. B. & S. St. 1in. tufted; l. linear-lanceolate without a broad base, nerve extending to apex or exserted, where it is generally covered with gemmæ, crisped when dry; fruit not known.
Rocks and trees, generally near the sea.
37. ZYGODON. Hook. & T.
A. Peristome absent.
1. Caps. on a short seta.
259. Z. Lapponicus. B. & S. St. ½in. cæspitose radiculose; l. spreading, linear-lanceolate keeled, contorted when dry, nerve ceasing near apex; per. l. ovate-lanceolate; caps. scarcely exserted turbinate, deeply eight-striate, urceolate when dry; lid with a short oblique beak: monoicous.
Crevices of alpine rocks. S. W. Summer.
260. Z. Mougeottii. B. & S. St. more than 1 inch cæspitose, scarcely radiculose; l. fasciculate recurved, narrowly linear-lanceolate, margin reflexed below, nerved to apex, not contorted when dry; caps. turbinate urceolate when dry, eight-striate; lid with a long very oblique beak: dioicous.
Moist shady rocks. Summer.
2. Caps. on a longer seta.
261. Z. viridissimus. Brid. St. ½–1in., fastigiate, radiculose below; l. much spreading recurved, widely lanceolate, somewhat contorted when dry, nerve sometimes slightly excurrent; caps. obovate obscurely eight-striate; lid with a long oblique beak: dioicous.
Trees and rocks. III. IV.
B. Peristome present.
1. Inner perist. fugacious.
262. Z. conoideus. Dicks. St. very short, cæspitose, fastigiate, densely radiculose; l. somewhat spreading, not recurved, widely lanceolate, with plane margins, and nerved nearly to apex; caps. pyriform, tapering below, eight-striate, lid with a long straight beak; perist., outer eight short recurved teeth, inner eight yellowish cilia, often absent: dioicous.
Trees. S. I. E. V.
2. Inner perist. persistent.
263. Z. Forsteri. Dicks. St. ¼–½in. densely tufted, with whitish radicles; l. erecto-patent, elliptic-lanceolate, nerved to apex or slightly excurrent; areolæ hexagonal (not as in all the previous ones, dot-like), oblong and diaphanous at base; caps. pyriform, striate; lid with a long inclined beak; perist., outer eight acute bi-geminate teeth, inner eight alternating cilia: monoicous.
Trees. South of England, rare. Spring.
264. Z. gracilis. Wils. MS. St. 1in. or more, tufted, branched; l. lanceolate twisted when dry, with plane margins, and denticulate near the apex; areolæ close and punctate above, large and pellucid below.
Old walls. Malham (J. Nowell) in fr., Sept., 1866.
[I have no specimen in fruit.]