IV. VIRIDES.
CONSPECTUS OF THE ARBORESCENT SPECIES.
Stamens 20. Fruit not exceeding ⅓′ in diameter. Anthers pale yellow. Corymbs, branchlets and leaves glabrous. Bark of the trunk pale gray, close and smooth. Leaves ovate to oblong-obovate, acute or acuminate, rarely rounded at apex; fruit depressed-globose, bright scarlet or orange.41. [C. viridis] (A, C). Leaves ovate, acute, often broadly cuneate at base; fruit subglobose, orange-red.42. [C. ovata] (A). Leaves oval or ovate, acute, rounded or broadly cuneate at base; fruit globose, yellow-green flushed with red.43. [C. vulsa] (C). Bark of the trunk dark brown or nearly black; leaves subcoriaceous. Leaves oblong-ovate to semiorbicular, acute, often short-pointed or rarely rounded at apex; fruit short-oblong to obovoid or globose, dull orange color.44. [C. glabriuscula.] Leaves oval to rhombic, acute or acuminate; fruit subglobose to short-oblong, bright orange-red.45. [C. blanda] (C). Corymbs and branchlets villose-pubescent; leaves ovate or obovate, acute or rounded at apex; fruit subglobose, orange-red.46. [C. velutina] (C). Anthers deep rose color; leaves elliptic to oblong-ovate, acute, acuminate or rarely rounded at apex; fruit globose or subglobose, orange-red.47. [C. arborescens] (C). Fruit ½′—¾′ in diameter. Anthers yellow. Leaves cuneate at base; calyx-tube glabrous. Leaves lanceolate to oblong-obovate, acuminate; fruit short-oblong, dull brick red covered with a glaucous bloom.48. [C. nitida] (A). Leaves obovate to oval or rhombic, acute or rarely rounded at apex; fruit subglobose to short-oblong, dark crimson.49. [C. mitis] (A). Leaves, broad and rounded at base, ovate, acute; calyx-tube villose; fruit subglobose to short-oblong, dark red.50. [C. atrorubens] (A). Anthers rose color; corymbs villose; fruit red. Leaves obovate, oval or ovate, acute, scabrate above; fruit globose to subglobose, anthers deep rose color.51. [C. ingens] (C). Leaves broadly obovate, oval or ovate, acute or acuminate, smooth above; fruit globose or depressed-globose; anthers pale rose color.52. [C. penita] (C). Stamens usually 10; occasionally 12—20; anthers bright red; leaves oblong-obovate to oval, usually acute or acuminate; fruit subglobose to short-oblong, bright orange-red.53. [C. micracantha] (C).
41. [Cratægus viridis] L.
Cratægus Davisii Sarg.
Leaves ovate to oblong-obovate or oval, acute or acuminate or rarely rounded at apex, gradually narrowed to the cuneate base, finely serrate above with incurved glandular teeth, and sometimes slightly 3-lobed toward the apex, tinged with red and slightly hairy above when they unfold, nearly fully grown when the flowers open in April and May, and at maturity membranaceous to subcoriaceous, dark green and lustrous on the upper surface, paler on the lower surface, with large axillary tufts of pale hairs, 1′—2′ long, and ½′—1′ wide, with a thick midrib and conspicuous primary veins; often turning brilliant scarlet late in the autumn before falling; petioles slender, 1′—1½′ in length; leaves at the end of vigorous shoots often deeply laterally lobed with narrow acuminate lobes, and 2½′—4′ long, and 1½′—2′ wide. Flowers ¾′ in diameter, on long slender pedicels, in many-flowered corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes lanceolate, entire; stamens 20; anthers pale yellow; styles 2—5, usually 5, surrounded at base by conspicuous tufts of pale hairs. Fruit ripening in the autumn and mostly persistent on the branches through the winter, on long slender pedicels, in drooping many-fruited clusters, depressed-globose, bright scarlet or orange, ⅛′—¼′ in diameter; calyx little enlarged, the lobes often deciduous from the ripe fruit; nutlets usually 5, narrowed and rounded at the ends, rounded and slightly grooved or ridged on the back, 1/16′—⅛′ long.
A tree, 20°—35° high, with a straight often fluted trunk 8°—12° tall, and 18′—20′ in diameter, covered with close gray or pale orange-colored bark, small branches forming a round rather compact head, and slender glabrous branchlets ashy gray to light red-brown in their first winter, and unarmed or occasionally armed with slender sharp pale spines ¾′—1′ long.
Distribution. On the often inundated borders of streams and swamps, rarely in drier ground on low slopes; southeastern Virginia (banks of the Blackwater River near Zuni, Isle of Wight County), North Carolina (Salisbury, Rowan County), South Carolina (near Aiken, Aiken County), eastern Georgia (near Augusta, Richmond County, and Macon, Bibb County), western Florida (River Junction, Gadsden County, and Tallahassee, Leon County to the swamps of the lower Apalachicola River), and westward through central and southern Alabama, southern Mississippi, and Louisiana to the valley of the San Antonio River (Sutherland Springs, Wilson County), Texas, and to central and western Arkansas, eastern Oklahoma and southeastern Missouri (Butler County), and northward in the region adjacent to the Mississippi River from Louisiana to northeastern Missouri, and to Pike County, Illinois, ranging eastward in Mississippi to Tishomingo County in the northeastern corner of the state, to northwestern Georgia, southeastern Tennessee, and to Richland County, Illinois; rare and local in the Atlantic and east Gulf states; common and often forming great thickets in western Louisiana, the coast region of eastern Texas, southern Arkansas, and in the region adjacent to the Mississippi River.
42. [Cratægus ovata] Sarg.
Leaves ovate, acute, broadly or acutely concave-cuneate at the entire base, coarsely often doubly serrate above with glandular teeth, and occasionally slightly divided into short lateral lobes, nearly fully grown when the flowers open early in May and then dark green, very smooth and glabrous above with the exception of a few short scattered hairs near the base of the midrib, paler below, with small persistent axillary tufts of white hairs, and at maturity membranaceous, 2′—2½′ long, and 1½′—2′ wide, with a slender yellow midrib and primary veins; petioles slender, rose-colored in the autumn, about ¾′ in length; leaves at the end of vigorous shoots rounded or truncate at the broad base, coarsely serrate, and sometimes 3′ long and wide. Flowers about ½′ in diameter, on long slender pedicels, in broad loose many-flowered corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes broad acute, entire or coarsely glandular-serrate toward the apex, glabrous; styles 5. Fruit ripening in October, on elongated pedicels, in long drooping clusters, subglobose or a little longer than broad, orange-red, ¼′—5/16′ long; calyx enlarged, with elongated closely appressed lobes sometimes deciduous from the ripe fruit; nutlets 5, acute at the ends, rounded or slightly ridged on the back, about 3/16′ long.
A tree, 25°—30° high, with a tall trunk sometimes a foot in diameter, covered with smooth gray bark, slender glabrous branchlets light reddish brown and lustrous during their first year, becoming grayish brown in their second season, and unarmed or armed with occasional dark purple slender slightly curved shining spines 1′ long.
Distribution. Low moist soil on the banks of the River Desperes, South St. Louis, St. Louis County, and near Alba, Jasper County, Missouri.
43. [Cratægus vulsa] Beadl.
Leaves oval or ovate, acute, broad and rounded or broad-cuneate at the entire base, irregularly and often doubly serrate above with straight or incurved gland-tipped teeth, and often divided into several short acute lateral lobes, when they unfold dark bronze-red, and pilose with scattered caducous hairs, and furnished below with tufts of pale often persistent hairs in the axils of the principal veins, nearly fully grown when the flowers open late in April, and at maturity thin, bright green on the upper surface, paler on the lower surface, about 2′ long and 1½′ wide, with a slender midrib and 4 or 5 pairs of thin pale yellow primary veins; turning in the autumn yellow or brown; petioles slender, somewhat villose at first, soon becoming glabrous, about ¾′ in length; leaves at the end of vigorous shoots broadly ovate, acute or acuminate, broad and rounded or occasionally truncate or broadly cuneate at base, more coarsely serrate and more deeply lobed, often 3′ long and 2½′ wide, with a stout winged glandular petiole. Flowers ¾′ in diameter, on slender pedicels, in compact 3—10-flowered corymbs, with linear acuminate glandular red bracts and bractlets; calyx-tube broadly obconic, glabrous, the lobes gradually narrowed from a broad base, acuminate, entire or occasionally obscurely serrate toward the apex, glabrous; stamens 20; anthers pale yellow; styles 3—5, surrounded at base by a thin ring of pale hairs. Fruit ripening at the end of September or early in October, on slender pedicels, in few-fruited drooping clusters, globose, yellow-green flushed with red, ⅓′ in diameter; calyx prominent, with closely appressed lobes; flesh yellow-green; nutlets 3—5, thin, rounded, sometimes slightly ridged and grooved on the back, about 3/16′ long.
A tree, occasionally 20° high, with a tall trunk 5′—6′ in diameter, covered with thin fissured bark separating into light gray scales tinged with brown, and often armed with long compound spines, ascending or spreading branches forming an oval usually compact symmetrical head, and slender nearly straight glabrous chestnut-brown branchlets becoming gray, and armed with thin nearly straight bright chestnut-brown shining spines 1′—1½′ long; sometimes a shrub, with numerous stems.
Distribution. Rich moist soil in the neighborhood of streams; northwestern Georgia and northeastern Alabama.
44. [Cratægus glabriuscula] Sarg.
Leaves oblong-ovate to semiorbicular, acute or often short-pointed or rarely rounded at apex, gradually narrowed from below the middle to the slender entire base, coarsely and often doubly serrate usually only above the middle with broad straight gland-tipped teeth, and sometimes divided toward the apex into 2 or 3 short acute lobes, nearly fully grown when the flowers open the 1st of April, and then membranaceous and slightly pilose above with scattered hairs most abundant along the base of the midrib, and at maturity subcoriaceous, hard and firm, dark green and lustrous on the upper surface, pale on the lower surface, 1½′—2′ long, and ¾′—1′ wide, with a thin light yellow midrib, and primary veins extending obliquely toward the end of the leaf, conspicuous secondary veins and reticulate veinlets; petioles slender, wing-margined, ⅓′ in length; leaves at the end of vigorous shoots often ovate, broadly cuneate at base, much more coarsely serrate, more frequently lobed, 2′—2½′ long and wide. Flowers about ½′ in diameter, on long slender pedicels, in few-flowered rather compact corymbs; calyx-tube broadly obconic, glabrous, the lobes short, gradually narrowed from a broad base, entire, villose on the inner surface; stamens 20, anthers nearly white; styles 5. Fruit ripening in September and often persistent until late into the winter, on long slender pedicels, in compact many-fruited drooping clusters, short-oblong to obovoid or nearly globose, dull orange color, marked by minute dark dots, about ¼′ long; calyx enlarged, conspicuous, with spreading or closely appressed lobes dull red on the upper side at base, often deciduous before the fruit ripens; flesh very thin, yellow, dry and hard; nutlets 5, rounded and sometimes obscurely grooved on the back, about 3/16′ long.
A tree, 20°—25° high, with a tall straight trunk often a foot in diameter, covered with thin dark brown scaly bark, long ascending branches forming a narrow head, and slender nearly straight branchlets, unarmed or armed with occasional slender straight chestnut-brown lustrous spines ¾′—1′ long.
Distribution. Bottom-lands of the Trinity River and its branches near Dallas, Dallas County, Texas, in forests of Elms and Nettle-trees.
45. [Cratægus blanda] Sarg.
Leaves oval to rhombic, acute or acuminate, and occasionally slightly lobed toward the apex, broadly cuneate or concave-cuneate at the entire base, coarsely crenately serrate above the middle with gland-tipped teeth, coated with soft pale hairs when they unfold, fully grown when the flowers open about the 1st of May, and then membranaceous, dark green and lustrous above and glabrous below with the exception of large axillary tufts of snow-white tomentum, and at maturity subcoriaceous, yellow-green and lustrous on the upper surface, paler on the lower surface, 1½′—2′ long, and 1′—1⅓′ wide, with a slender midrib, and 2 or 3 pairs of thin primary veins extending obliquely toward the end of the leaf; petioles slender, at first villose along the upper side, soon becoming glabrous, ¾′—1′ in length; leaves at the end of vigorous shoots often broadly ovate, rounded at base, more deeply lobed above the middle, 2′—2½′ long, and 1½′—2′ wide. Flowers 1′ in diameter, on slender elongated pedicels, in broad many-flowered corymbs, with linear entire bracts and bractlets; calyx-tube broadly obconic, glabrous, the lobes gradually narrowed from a broad base, acuminate, entire or obscurely dentate, glabrous; stamens 20; anthers canary-yellow; styles 5. Fruit ripening about the middle of October, on slender pedicels, in many-fruited drooping clusters, subglobose to short-oblong, bright orange-red, ¼′ in diameter; calyx prominent, with spreading lobes usually deciduous from the ripe fruit; nutlets 5, thin, narrowed at the ends, deeply grooved on the back, ¼′ long.
An unarmed tree, 25°—30° high, with a tall trunk 10′—12′ in diameter, covered with dark brown or nearly black bark divided by shallow fissures and broken on the surface into small plate-like scales, stout ascending branches forming a broad irregular head, and nearly straight glabrous branchlets dark orange-green at first, becoming dull red-brown during their first season and darker brown the following year.
Distribution. Dry uplands and low rolling hills near Fulton, Hempstead County, Arkansas.
46. [Cratægus velutina] Sarg.
Leaves ovate to obovate, acute or rounded at apex, gradually narrowed and cuneate at the entire base, and sharply often doubly serrate with straight glandular teeth, more than half grown when the flowers open at the end of April and then covered above by short white hairs and below with hoary pubescence, and often furnished with axillary tufts of white tomentum, and at maturity glabrous, smooth and lustrous on the upper surface and covered on the lower surface with matted pale hairs, 1¾′—2′ long, and 1½′—2′ wide, with a thin midrib and primary veins; petioles slender, thickly covered early in the season with matted hairs, becoming glabrous, ½′—1′ in length; leaves at the end of vigorous shoots ovate, rounded or broad-cuneate at base, coarsely serrate, usually slightly lobed above the middle, and often 2½′—3′ long and 1½′ wide. Flowers ½′ in diameter on slender villose pedicels, in usually 7—12-flowered hairy corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, villose, the lobes gradually narrowed from a broad base, short, acute, entire, slightly villose; stamens 20; anthers yellow; styles 5. Fruit on long slender glabrous or nearly glabrous drooping stems in few-fruited clusters, subglobose, orange-red, marked by small pale dots, about ¼′ in diameter; calyx prominent, with a deep narrow cavity pointed in the bottom, and closely appressed lobes; flesh thin, dry and mealy; nutlets 5, acute at base, rounded at apex, ridged on the back with a low grooved ridge, about ⅙′ long and ⅛′ wide.
A tree, 20°—25° high, with a trunk 8′—10′ in diameter, covered with dark rough scaly bark, and slender slightly zigzag branchlets, hoary-tomentose when they first appear, light reddish brown, marked by pale lenticels and glabrous or sometimes pubescent near the end in their first autumn, and ashy gray the following year, and armed with slender nearly straight chestnut-brown spines 1′—1½′ in length.
Distribution. Uplands in dry sandy soil, Fulton, Hempstead County, near Texarkana, Bowie County, Arkansas; and in the valley of the lower Brazos River (near Columbia, Brazoria County), Texas.
47. [Cratægus arborescens] Ell.
Leaves elliptic to oblong-obovate, acute, acuminate or rarely rounded and abruptly short-pointed and slightly lobed at apex, gradually narrowed cuneate and entire at base, and coarsely doubly serrate above the middle with incurved glandular teeth, villose on the upper side of the midrib with short white hairs when they unfold, and at maturity thin, glabrous, dark green and lustrous on the upper surface, paler and often furnished on the lower surface with small axillary tufts of pale hairs, 1′—2′ long, and ¾′—1′ wide, with a slender midrib and primary veins; petioles slender, glabrous, ½′—1′ in length; leaves at the end of vigorous shoots oval to oblong-ovate or elliptic, acuminate, abruptly or gradually narrowed and cuneate at base, more or less deeply lobed with acuminate lateral lobes, often 2½′ long and 1¼′ wide, their petioles stout, and glabrous early in the season. Flowers ½′ in diameter, on slender pedicels, in wide many-flowered compound corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous or slightly pilose, the lobes slender, acuminate, entire, glabrous or slightly villose on the inner surface, deciduous from the ripe fruit; stamens 20; anthers deep rose color; styles usually 5. Fruit on short pedicels in many-fruited drooping clusters, globose or subglobose, orange-red, ¼′—⅓′ in diameter; nutlets 5, pointed at the ends, slightly ridged on the back, about ⅙′ long.
A tree, 25°—30° high, with a tall trunk 12′—18′ in diameter covered with close pale gray bark, spreading and erect branches forming a broad rather open irregular head, and slender glabrous red-brown branchlets, ashy gray in their second season, and unarmed or armed with straight slender chestnut-brown spines.
Distribution. River banks, low wet woods and borders of swamps; Georgia-coast region, near Dorchester, Liberty County, in the neighborhood of Savannah, and on the Ogeechee River at Fort Argyle, Chatham County (type station); near Augusta, Richmond County, Georgia.
48. [Cratægus nitida] Sarg.
Leaves lanceolate to oblong-obovate, acuminate, abruptly or gradually narrowed and cuneate at the entire base, coarsely serrate above with straight or incurved glandular teeth, and often more or less divided into 2 or 3 pairs of broad acute lobes, dark red and slightly villose along the upper side of the midrib with scattered caducous hairs when they unfold, nearly fully grown when the flowers open early in May, and at maturity thick and coriaceous, dark green and very lustrous on the upper surface, pale and dull on the lower surface, 2′—3′ long, and 1′—1½′ wide, with a prominent midrib usually red on the lower side, and few thin prominent primary veins generally extending to the point of the lobes; turning in the autumn rich orange color through shades of bronze and orange-red; petioles stout, glandular, villose while young on the upper side, soon becoming glabrous, ½′—¾′ in length; leaves at the end of vigorous shoots more deeply lobed and frequently 5′ long and 2½′ wide. Flowers ¾′ in diameter, on long slender pedicels, in broad compound many-flowered glabrous corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes slender, elongated, acuminate, entire or sparingly glandular-serrate; stamens 15—20; anthers pale yellow; styles 2—5. Fruit ripening at the end of October, on slender elongated pedicels, in many-fruited drooping clusters, short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends, pruinose with a glaucous bloom, marked by small dark dots, ½′—⅝′ long, and about ⅓′ in diameter; calyx only slightly enlarged, the lobes dark red at the base on the upper side, usually erect, often deciduous before the fruit ripens; nutlets 2—5, rounded and ridged on the back with a broad low rounded ridge, light-colored, ¼′ long.
A tree, often 30° high, with a tall straight trunk sometimes 18′ in diameter, covered with close dark bark broken into thick plate-like scales, stout spreading lower branches and erect upper branches forming a broad often irregular head, and slender glabrous branchlets bright orange-brown and lustrous during their first and second seasons, becoming pale reddish brown in their third year, and ultimately ashy gray, and unarmed or armed with occasional straight thin bright chestnut-brown lustrous spines 1′—1½′ long.
Distribution. Bottoms of the Mississippi River, St. Clair County, Illinois; common.
49. [Cratægus mitis] Sarg.
Leaves obovate to oval or rhombic, acute or rarely rounded at apex, gradually narrowed and concave-cuneate at the entire base, and coarsely serrate above with straight glandular teeth, nearly fully grown when the flowers open during the first week of May, and then light yellow-green above, paler below, and glabrous with the exception of a few short hairs on the upper side of the midrib, and at maturity subcoriaceous, dark green and lustrous on the upper surface, pale yellow-green on the lower surface, 1½′—2½′ long, and 1′—1½′ wide, with a prominent midrib and slender primary veins; petioles stout, wing-margined at apex, occasionally glandular with minute glands, 1⅓′—1½′ in length. Flowers ½′—⅝′ in diameter, on long slender pedicels, in compact 8—15-flowered glabrous corymbs, with red glandular bracts and bractlets; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes glabrous, abruptly narrowed from a broad base, acuminate, finely glandular-serrate below the middle with minute stipitate red glands; stamens 20; anthers yellow; styles 2—4, usually 3. Fruit ripening the middle of October, on slender pedicels, in many-fruited drooping clusters, subglobose to short-oblong, rounded at the ends, dark crimson, marked by occasional large dark dots, ½′—⅝′ long, about ½′ in diameter; calyx only slightly enlarged, the lobes serrate, closely appressed, often deciduous from the ripe fruit; flesh thick, pale orange color, and juicy; nutlets usually 3, thick, full and rounded at the ends, prominently ridged on the back, with a broad high rounded deeply grooved ridge, about ¼′ long.
A tree, 25°—30° high, with a tall trunk sometimes a foot in diameter, covered with dark scaly bark, large spreading branches forming a broad round-topped head, and glabrous branchlets dull light reddish brown during their first season, becoming dark brown or ashy gray, and armed with stout straight or slightly curved dull red-brown or purplish spines usually about 1½′ long.
Distribution. Low moist rich soil on the bottoms of the Mississippi River near the village of Kahokia, St. Clair County, Illinois.
50. [Cratægus atrorubens] Ashe.
Leaves ovate, acute, usually rounded or sometimes cuneate or truncate at the broad entire base, coarsely and usually doubly serrate above, and often divided into 2 or 3 pairs of short acute lobes, about half grown when the flowers open late in April or early in May and then slightly roughened above by short scattered white hairs, and furnished below with conspicuous axillary tufts of pale tomentum, and at maturity thin, glabrous, dark dull green and smooth on the upper surface, light yellow-green on the lower surface, about 2′ long and 1½′ wide, or on vigorous shoots frequently 3′ long, and 2½′ wide, with a thin midrib and 4 or 5 pairs of slender primary veins; petioles slender, nearly terete, more or less densely villose early in the season, soon becoming glabrous, 1′—1½′ in length. Flowers about ⅝′ in diameter, on slender elongated villose pedicels, in broad loose glabrous or villose corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, densely villose throughout or only at base with pale tomentum, the lobes short, acute, finely glandular-serrate, villose particularly on the inner surface; stamens 20; styles 4 or 5, surrounded at base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening and falling early in October, on slender pedicels, in drooping few-fruited clusters, subglobose to short-oblong, rounded at the ends, dark red; calyx somewhat enlarged, with spreading lobes usually deciduous before the fruit ripens; nutlets 4 or 5, thin, rounded and sometimes obscurely grooved on the back, about 3/16′ long.
A tree, sometimes 30° high, with a tall trunk 12′—18′ in diameter, covered with dark red-brown scaly bark, thin erect and spreading branches forming a compact rather narrow head, and slender glabrous branchlets marked by occasional dark lenticels, dark green more or less tinged with red when they first appear, soon becoming dark chestnut-brown and very lustrous, and bright reddish brown in their second year, and usually unarmed.
Distribution. St. Louis County, Missouri, and rich bottom-lands of the Mississippi River, St. Clair County, Illinois; not common.
51. [Cratægus ingens] Beadl.
Leaves obovate-oval or ovate, broadly or acutely cuneate at the entire base, crenately serrate above, and often slightly lobed toward the acute apex, about half grown when the flowers open at the end of April or early in May and then roughened above by short rigid hairs and villose below along the midrib, and the remote slender veins extending obliquely to the point of the lobes, and at maturity subcoriaceous, dark green and scabrate on the upper surface, paler and nearly glabrous on the lower surface, 1½′—2′ long, and 1¼′—1½′ wide; turning in the autumn yellow, orange, red, or brown; petioles stout, narrowly wing-margined to the middle, pubescent while young, becoming glabrous, about ¾′ in length; leaves at the end of vigorous shoots more deeply lobed and often 3′—3½′ long, and 2′ wide, with a stout broad-winged petiole sometimes 1½′ long. Flowers ½′—⅝′ in diameter, on slender hairy pedicels, in many-flowered compact hairy corymbs; calyx narrowly obconic, coated, especially toward the base with matted pale hairs, the lobes slender, elongated, acute, glandular with bright red glands, glabrous on the outer, sparingly villose on the inner surface; stamens 20; anthers deep rose color; styles 3—5. Fruit ripening in October, on stout puberulous pedicels, in few-fruited drooping clusters, globose to subglobose, red, about ⅜′ in diameter; calyx little enlarged, with reflexed appressed nearly glabrous lobes; nutlets 3—5, rounded or slightly grooved and ridged on the back, ¼′ long.
A tree, sometimes 25° high, with a trunk a foot in diameter, spreading branches forming a wide round-topped head, and unarmed branchlets covered at first with matted pale hairs, soon becoming glabrous, dark chestnut-brown.
Distribution. Moist woods and the low banks of streams; southeastern Tennessee and northwestern Georgia.
52. [Cratægus penita] Beadl.
Leaves broad-obovate, oval, or ovate, acute or acuminate at apex, broadly or acutely concave-cuneate at the entire base, sharply often doubly serrate above with glandular mostly straight teeth, and often slightly lobed above the middle, deeply tinged with red and covered with pale hairs when they unfold, nearly fully grown when the flowers open about the 1st of May and then smooth above, and glabrous below with the exception of axillary tufts of pale hairs, and at maturity subcoriaceous, dark green and lustrous on the upper surface, paler on the lower surface, 1¾′—2′ long, and 1′—1¾′ wide, with a prominent midrib and slender primary veins; turning orange, yellow, and brown in the autumn; petioles slender, covered while young like the upper side of the base of the midrib with pale deciduous hairs, ½′—¾′ in length; leaves at the end of vigorous shoots often rounded or subcordate at base, more or less deeply lobed, and 2½′—3′ long and broad, with a stout broadly winged glandular petiole. Flowers about ⅝′ in diameter, on elongated glabrous or sparingly hairy pedicels, in compact few-flowered nearly glabrous corymbs; calyx broadly obconic, glabrous, the lobes gradually narrowed from a broad base, slender, acuminate, entire, or furnished with occasional minute glandular teeth, slightly villose on the inner surface; stamens 20; anthers white faintly tinged with pink; styles 3—5. Fruit ripening in October, on elongated slender pedicels, in few-fruited drooping clusters, globose or depressed-globose, red, about ¼′ in diameter; calyx enlarged, with spreading or reflexed lobes villose on the upper side; nutlets 3—5, narrowed and acute at the ends, rounded and broadly grooved on the back, about ¼′ long.
A tree, 18°—20° high, with a short trunk sometimes 10′ in diameter, stout ascending or spreading branches forming a wide head, unarmed branchlets puberulous while young, soon glabrous, becoming light reddish brown.
Distribution. Low moist woods and the banks of streams; southeastern Tennessee.
53. [Cratægus micracantha] Sarg.
Leaves oblong-obovate to oval, acute, acuminate, or rarely rounded at apex, gradually or abruptly narrowed from above or from below the middle to the cuneate entire base, coarsely crenulate-serrate, and occasionally 3-lobed above with short broad acute lateral lobes, when they unfold villose on the upper and hoary-tomentose on the lower surface, more than half grown when the flowers open about the middle of May and then membranaceous and slightly villose above with short scattered pale hairs, and at maturity thin but firm in texture, dark yellow-green, lustrous and smooth above, paler and tomentose below on the slender midrib and 3 or 4 pairs of very obscure primary veins, 2′—2½′ long, and 1′—1¼′ wide; petioles slender, tomentose early in the season, becoming glabrous or pubescent, ½′—1′ in length; leaves at the end of vigorous shoots often broadly rhombic to obovate, acuminate, frequently deeply 3-lobed or divided into 2 or 3 pairs of short lateral lobes, usually 2½′—3′ long. Flowers cup-shaped, ¼′ in diameter, on long slender pedicels thickly coated with matted white hairs, in broad lax many-flowered compound hairy corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, villose, the lobes linear, acuminate, entire, slightly villose, tipped with minute dark glands; stamens usually 10, occasionally 12, 15, or 20; anthers small, deep bright red; styles 5. Fruit ripening the middle of October, on slender pubescent pedicels, in drooping many-fruited clusters, subglobose to short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends, bright orange-red, lustrous, marked by occasional large pale dots, about ¼′ long; calyx prominent, with a short villose tube, and spreading erect hairy lobes often deciduous from the ripe fruit; nutlets 5, thin, acute at the narrow ends, rounded and sometimes slightly grooved on the back, about 3/16′ long.
An unarmed tree, sometimes 25° high, with a tall trunk 8′—12′ in diameter, covered with light or dark brown bark separating freely into thin narrow scales, stout spreading branches forming a broad flat-topped handsome head, and slender nearly straight branchlets coated until after the flowering time with thick hoary tomentum, bright red-brown and puberulous during their first season, becoming light or dark dull reddish brown the following year.
Distribution. Common in low woods in rich moist soil near Fulton, Hempstead County, Arkansas.