Exercises upon the Different Parts of Italian Speech, with References to Veneroni's Grammar / to which is added an abridgement of the Roman history, intended at once to make the learner acquainted with history, and the idiom of the Italian language

by Ferdinando Bottarelli

Construction of Adjectives.

The Adjectives expressing desire, knowledge, remembrance, ignorance, forgetting, care, fear, guilt, or any passion of the mind, require the following Noun to be in the Genitive case.

1. 1. Those who
   2. quello
   3. are desirous of
   4. éssere bramóso
   5. honour,
   6. onóre
   7. are studious of learning
   8. studióso sciénza
   9. and of good manners.
   10. buóno costúme.

1. 1. He who is not
   2. mindful of
   3. badáre
   4. his own business,
   5. própio affáre
   6. cannot be
   7. non può
   8. mindful of
   9. badare
   10. other people’s.
   11. altro.

1. 1. Thou and I are
   2. guilty of
   3. colpévole
   4. the same error.
   5. stesso errore.

1. 1. I am ignorant
   2. ignoráre
   3. of the fact
   4. fatto
   5. you mention.
   6. mentionáre.

Adjectives expressing plenty, or want, as poor, destitute, empty, full, void, require the Genitive case after them.

1. 1. He whose
   2. purse
   3. borsa
   4. is empty of money,
   5. vuóto danáro
   6. has a house
   7. avére casa
   8. empty of friends.
   9. vuóto amíco.

1. 1. The court
   2. corte
   3. which is
   4. éssere
   5. full of flatterers,
   6. piéno adulatóre
   7. is pernicious
   8. pernizióso
   9. to a prince,
   10. príncipe
   11. though he be
   12. rich in substance
   13. ricco sostánza
   14. and loaded with honours.
   15. colmáre onóre.

1. 1. A journey of twenty miles
   2. viággio venti míglia
   3. wearies a horse
   4. stancáre cavállo
   5. that is very hungry;
   6. fame
   7. for while
   8. perchè mentre
   9. he is wanting food,
   10. bramare di mangiare
   11. he goes slowly.
   12. andáre lentamente.

1. 1. Laziness
   2. pigrízia
   3. has need of spurs.
   4. bisógno speróne.

The Adjectives worthy, unworthy, adorned, encompassed, content, must have a Genitive after them.

1. 1. Those are unworthy
   2. éssere indégno
   3. of the glory of Heaven,
   4. glória Ciélo
   5. who do not think
   6. che crédere
   7. virtue worthy of love,
   8. virtù dégno amóre
   9. nor are contented with
   10. conténto
   11. the pleasure it gives.
   12. piacére che dare.

1. 1. A son endowed with excellent qualities
   2. figliuólo dotáto eccellénte qualità
   3. rejoices his father,
   4. rallegráre padre
   5. whose good example he imitates,
   6. buóno esempio imitáre
   7. whose comands he observes;
   8. comándo osserváre
   9. he is never in fear,
   10. mai paura
   11. for he provokes not
   12. perchè provocáre
   13. his father’s anger;
   14. padre cóllera
   15. he is always mindful of his own duty,
   16. sempre attento al dovére
   17. and is like a staff
   18. è come bastóne
   19. to his father’s old age.
   20. padre vecchiája.

1. 1. He who is endowed with
   2. quello dotáto
   3. fine qualities,
   4. bello qualità
   5. and does not behave himself well,
   6. comportársi bene
   7. is unworthy of men’s society.[1]
   8. éssere indégno uómo società.

1. 1. Those who are
   2. éssere
   3. contented with
   4. conténto
   5. their own condition,
   6. condizióne
   7. are worthy of
   8. degno
   9. the name of good Christians;
   10. nome buóno Cristiáno
   11. but such are very rare.
   12. ma raro.

1. 1. If the city of Naples
   2. se città Nápoli
   3. were encompassed
   4. circondáre
   5. with walls,
   6. muro
   7. it would be
   8. éssere[2]
   9. stronger than it is.
   10. forte

1. 1. England is adorned with
   2. Inghiltérra ornáre
   3. the fairest ladies
   4. [3]belle signóra
   5. in the world.
   6. di questo mondo.

1. 1. Our country is
   2. paése
   3. surrounded with
   4. chiúdere
   5. the strongest bulwarks.
   6. [3]forte baluárdo.

1. 1. Few people are
   2. poco gente
   3. satisfied with
   4. soddisfáre
   5. the lot that
   6. sorte
   7. Providence has granted them.
   8. Providénza concédere.

[1] See Gram. p. 44, on words ending in tà.

[2] See Veneroni’s Grammar, p. 53, on comparatives.

[3] Ibid. p. 56, on superlatives.

Adjectives governing a Dative Case. Adjectives expressing submission, relation, pleasure, due, resistance, difficulty, likeness, have the following Noun in the Dative case.

1. 1. Virtue is pleasant to
   2. [1]virtù piacévole
   3. the righteous,
   4. giústo
   5. and profitable to
   6. profittévole
   7. those who love it.
   8. quello che amáre.

1. 1. Adoration
   2. L’adorazione
   3. is due to God,
   4. dovúto Dio
   5. the King of all the world.
   6. [2]Re tutto mondo.

1. 1. Honour is due to kings,
   2. onóre dovúto Re
   3. because
   4. perchè
   5. God has commanded us
   6. avére comandáre
   7. to be obedient to them.
   8. éssere obbediénte

1. 1. It is
   2. a lamentable thing
   3. lamentévole cosa
   4. to see
   5. some men of great abilities
   6. uómo gràn talénto
   7. prone to wickedness.
   8. dédito vízio.

1. 1. A man
   2. uómo
   3. who suffers himself
   4. lasciársi
   5. to be led by
   6. allettáre
   7. the corrupted pleasures
   8. corrótto piacére
   9. of this world,
   10. quésto mondo
   11. is not like a Christian.
   12. símile Cristiáno.

1. 1. Children
   2. figliuólo
   3. are not always like
   4. sempre símile
   5. their parents,
   6. genitóre
   7. they are sometimes
   8. talvólta
   9. quite different from them.
   10. affátto differénte

1. 1. My father
   2. padre
   3. is like my uncle
   4. somigliáre zio
   5. as to his features,
   6. in quanto fattézza
   7. and the colour of his hair,
   8. colóre [3]capéllo
   9. but he is not like him
   10. ma éssere
   11. in his manners.
   12. costúme.

[1] Words in ù are indeclinable. See Gram. p. 50.

[2] Re is indeclinable.

[3] Of his hair, dei capelli in plur. and without the possessive pronoun.

On Superlative Degrees. [See Gram. p. 56.]

1. 1. The most noble
   2. la più nóbile
   3. of all virtues
   4. tutto virtù
   5. is charity.
   6. carità.

1. 1. The most ingenious people
   2. [1]più ingegnóso persone
   3. are not always
   4. éssere sempre
   5. the most learned.
   6. dotto.

1. 1. The most pernicious of all crimes
   2. pernizióso delítto
   3. is slander,
   4. calúnnia
   5. it ruins
   6. rovinare
   7. very often
   8. [2]spesso
   9. the reputation of
   10. riputazióne
   11. the most honest people;
   12. onésto gente
   13. it puts discord between
   14. méttere discórdia fra
   15. the most intimate friends;
   16. intrínseco amíco
   17. in short,
   18. in somma
   19. it is
   20. the most abominable crime
   21. abbominévole delítto
   22. in the world.
   23. mondo.

1. 1. The best quality
   2. [3]buóno qualità
   3. a man can have,
   4. uómo potére avére
   5. is to be
   6. civil
   7. civíle
   8. and obliging.
   9. cortése.

1. 1. The best friend
   2. amíco
   3. we can have is
   4. money.
   5. danáro.

1. 1. The best soldiers
   2. soldáto
   3. in the world are
   4. sometimes conquered.
   5. talvólta vincere.

1. 1. Buy me
   2. compráre
   3. the best grapes
   4. uva
   5. you see in town.
   6. vedére città.

1. 1. The greatest men
   2. gránde uómo
   3. in the kingdom
   4. regno
   5. confess it.
   6. confessáre.

1. 1. The richest people
   2. ricco gente
   3. are not
   4. the happiest.
   5. felíce.

1. 1. The most virtuous women
   2. virtuóso donna
   3. have been guilty of
   4. éssere stato colpévole
   5. coquetry.
   6. civettería.

1. 1. We should pay a most particular attention to
   2. [4]fare particoláre attenzióne
   3. the moral conduct of
   4. morale condotta
   5. our children
   6. figliuólo
   7. of both sexes.
   8. ambidúe sesso.

[1] The most is rendered by il più, la più, i più, &c. See Gram. p. 56.

[2] Very often makes spessissimo.

[3] The superlative-comparative degree of buono is il migliore. See Veneroni’s Grammar, p. 54 and 56.

[4] Pay is often turned by fare.