D.
[Dæmon], of Sokrates, i. [437], ii. [104], i. [115];
his experience of, ii. [102];
explains his eccentricity, [104];
variously alluded to in Plato — its character and working impenetrable, [107], [108];
in Theagês and Theætêtus, [107];
a special revelation, [108], [131 n.];
privileged communications common, [130], [131 n.];
see [Inspiration];
belief of Empedokles, i. [47];
etymology, iii. [301 n.];
Eros, intermediate between gods and men, [9];
subordinate to divine steersman of kosmos, [265 n.];
intermediate, iv. [421].
Dähne, on Philo-Judæus, iii. [308 n.], iv. [157 n.]
[Damon], a teacher of μουσική, ii. [139 n.];
dangers of change in national music, iv. [315].
[Dancing] to be regulated by authority, iv. [292];
laws, [291];
three choruses, youths, mature men, elders, [296], [305];
and music, effect on emotions, [347];
comic, by slaves or mean persons only, [352 n.]
[Death], doctrine of Parmenides, i. [26 n.];
Herakleitus, [34];
Sokrates, [422], [430 n.];
emancipates soul from struggle with body, ii. [386], [388], iv. [234], [ 235 n.];
guardians must not fear, [25];
see [Immortality].
[Debate] of secondary questions before settling fundamental notions, mischief of, ii. [242];
see [Dialectic].
[Definition] gives classes, Type, natural groups, ii. [47], [193 n.];
Sokrates introduced search for, [47];
frequent mistake of giving a particular example, i. [444], ii. [143];
dialogues of search illustrate process of, iii. [29], [176], [188];
novelty and value of this, [190];
importance in Plato’s time of bringing forward logical subordinations and distinctions, ii. [235];
tested by clothing it in particulars, iv. [3 n.];
of common and vague terms, hopelessness of, ii. [186 n.];
Aristotle on, [234 n.];
none of a general word, Sextus Empiricus, i. [168], n.;
none of simple objects, Antisthenes, [171];
Plato on, [172];
Aristotle, [ib.];
Mill, [ib. n.];
and division, the two processes of dialectic, iii. [29], [39];
necessity for, [29];
conditions of a good, ii. [318].
Degérando, M., iii. [140 n.], [152 n.]
Δεινός, meaning, ii. [145 n.]
[Dekad], the Pythagorean perfect number, i. [11].
Δεκτικόν, τό, see [Matter].
[Delphian oracle], reply to Sokrates, i. [413];
maxim, Know thyself, ii. [11], [25];
to be consulted for religious legislation, iv. [34], [137 n.], [325].
[Demetrius Phalereus], Alexandrine librarian, i. [274 n.];
chief agent in establishment of Alexandrine library, [280];
history and character, [279];
Apology, [111 n.]
[Demiurgus], opposed to ἰδιώτης, ii. [272 n.];
of kosmos, iii. [265 n.];
postulated, iv. [220];
is not a creator, [ib.];
produces kosmos, by persuading Necessity, [ib.], [222];
on pattern of ideas, [227];
evolved the four elements from primordial chaos, [240];
addresses generated gods, [233];
prepares for man’s construction, places a soul in each star, [ib.];
conjoins three souls and one body, [234];
how conceived by other philosophers of same century, [254];
little noticed in Aristotle, [255];
degeneracy of man originally intended by, [263].
[Demochares], law against philosophers, i. [111 n.]
[Democracy], least bad of unscientific governments, iii. [270], [278];
origin, iv. [80];
monarchy and, the mother-polities, [312];
dissent of Aristotle, [ ib. n.];
Plato’s second ideal state a compromise of oligarchy and, [333], [337].
[Demokritus], life and travels, i. [65];
Plato’s antipathy to, [66 n.], [82 n.], ii. [118], iv. [355 n.];
often mentioned in Aristotle, [ib.];
opinions of ancients on, i. [82 n.];
his universality, [82];
relation to Parmenidean theory, [66];
plena and vacua, ens and non-ens, [67], iii. [243 n.];
his absolute and relative, i. [71], [80];
atoms differ only in magnitude, figure, position, and arrangement, [69];
different from Plato’s Idea, and Aristotle’s materia prima, [72];
not really objects of sense, [ib. n.];
inherent force, [73];
his ultimatum, the course of nature, [ib.];
primary and secondary qualities, iv. [243 n.];
air, i. [76], [78];
theory of colour, [77];
theory of vision, combated by Theophrastus, [78 n.];
hearing and taste, [78];
motions of planets, iv. [355 n.];
blamed by Aristotle for omitting final causes, i. [73 n.];
chance, [ ib.];
φύσις, [70 n.];
mind is heat throughout nature, [75];
parts of the soul, [76];
on its immortality, ii. [425 n.];
truth obtainable by reason only, i. [72];
thought produced by influx of atoms, [79];
on Homo mensura, [82], iii. [152];
knowledge is obscure, or sensation, and genuine, or thought, i. [80];
the gods, [81];
ethical views, [82];
treatise on Pythagoras, [ib. n.];
researches in zoology and animal generation, [75];
influence on growth of dialectic, [82];
works of, [65];
in Alexandrine library, [276];
divided into Tetralogies by Thrasyllus, [273 n.], [295 n.]
[Dêmos], in state, analogous to appetite in individual mind, iv. [39];
Plato more anxious for good treatment of, than Xenophon and Aristotle, [183];
in Aristotle adjuncts, not members, of state, [184];
Plato’s scheme fails from no training for, [186];
see [State].
[Demosthenes], pupil of Plato, i. [261 n.];
rhetorical powers, iii. [408 n.];
teaching of Isokrates, iv. [150 n.];
adv. Leptinem contrasted with Leges, [315 n.]
[Descartes], advantages of protracted study, i. [404 n.];
accused of substituting physical for mental causes, ii. [401 n.];
argument for being of God, a “fallacy of confusion,” iii. [297 n.];
on criticism by report, i. [118 n.]
[Desire] for what is akin to us or our own, cause of friendship, ii. [182];
good, object of universal, [243], iii. [335], [371], [392 n.];
largest measure and all varieties of, are good, ii. [344];
belongs to the mind, presupposes a bodily want and memory of previous satisfaction, iii. [350];
exception, [351 n.], [387 n.]
[Despot], has no real power, ii. [324];
worst of unscientific governments, iii. [270], [278];
origin, iv. [81];
excess of despotism in Persia, [312];
Solon on, i. [219 n.];
Xenophon on interior life of, [218], [220];
Xenophon’s scheme of government, a wisely arranged Oriental despotism, [234].
[Determining], Pythagorean doctrine of the, i. [11];
the, iii. [346];
it is intelligence, [348].
[Deuschle], on Kratylus, iii. [325 n.]
[Deycks], on Megarics, i. [127 n.], [136 n.]
[Dialectic], little or none in earliest theorists, i. [93];
Demokritus’ influence on its growth, [82];
of Zeno the Eleate, [93]; iii. [107];
its purpose and result, i. [98];
compared with Parmenidês, [100];
early physics discredited by growth of, [91];
its introduction changes the character of philosophy, [105], [107];
repugnant to Herakleiteans, [106 n.];
influence of Drama and Dikastery, [385];
debate common in Sokratic age, [370], ii. [284];
died out in later philosophy, i. [394 n.];
disputations in the Middle Ages, [397 n.];
modern search for truth goes on silently, [369];
process per se interesting to Plato, [403], [406];
has done more than any one else to interest others in it, [405];
its importance, [91], [354], [372], ii. [167], [221];
debate a generating cause of friendship, [188 n.];
and Eristic, [210], [221 n.];
of Sokrates, [x];
contrasted with Sophists’, [197], i. [124];
Sokrates first applied negative analysis to the common consciousness, [385], [389 n.];
to social, political, ethical, topics, [385];
necessity of negative vein, [91], [371], [373], [386], [394 n.], [421], [444], [130];
a value by itself, iii. [51], [70], [85], [149-50], [176], [184 n.], [284], [422];
see [Negative Method];
procedure of Sokrates repugnant to Athenian public, i. [387], ii. [305];
colloquial companion necessary to Sokrates, [287];
Sokrates asserts right of satisfaction for his own individual reason, i. [386];
Sokrates’ reason for attachment to, iii. [258 n.];
Sokrates to the last insists on freedom of, ii. [379];
stimulates, i. [420], [449], iv. [52 n.];
as stimulating, not noticed in Republic training, [208];
its negative and positive aspect, illustrated in Alkibiadês I. and II. , ii. [7];
indiscriminate, not insisted on in Gorgias, [367];
protest against, iii. [335];
Euthydemus popular among enemies of, ii. [222];
common want of scrutiny, i. [398 n.];
value of formal debate, as corrective of fallacies, ii. [221];
its actual and anticipated effects, [11];
Sokrates’ positive solutions illusory, [26];
its ethical basis, iii. [113];
autonomy of the individual mind, [147], [297], [298];
contrast with the Leges, [148];
Aristotle on, i. [133 n.];
obstetric method, lead of the respondent followed, [368];
the respondent makes the discoveries for himself, [367];
assumptions necessary in, iii. [251];
precepts for, [91 n.];
long answers inadmissible, ii. [281];
brought to bear on Sokrates himself, iii. [57], [89];
the sovereign purifier, [197];
its result, Knowledge, i. [396];
contrasted with lectures, ii. [277], iii. [337 n.];
alone useful for teaching, [34], [49], [53];
a test of the expository process, i. [358], [396];
attainment of dialectical aptitude, purpose of Sophistês and Politikus, iii. [261];
antithesis of rhetoric and, i. [433], ii. [ 52-3],[70], [277], [278 n.], [282], [303];
difference of method, illustrated in Protagoras, [300];
superiority over rhetoric, claimed, [282];
issue unsatisfactorily put, [369];
rhetoric, as a real art, is comprised in, iii. [30], [34];
rhetoric superior in usefulness and celebrity, [360], [380];
Plato’s desire for celebrity in rhetoric and, [408];
its object, definition, i. [452], ii. [318];
its two processes, definition and division, iii. [29], [39];
testing of definitions by clothing them in particulars, iv. [7 n.];
Inductive and Syllogistic, ii. [27];
and Demonstrative, Aristotle’s two intellectual methods, [363];
the purest of all cognitions, iii. [360];
and geometry, two modes of mind’s procedure applicable to ideal world, iv. [65];
requires no diagrams, deals with forms only, descending from highest, [66];
is the consummation of all the sciences, gives the contemplation of the ideas, [75];
one of the manifestations τοῦ φιλοσοφεῖν, [150 n.];
standard for classifying sciences, iii. [ 382-3], [394];
valuable principle, [395];
exercises in, iv. [76];
Republic contradicts other dialogues, [207-212];
difference of Aristotle’s and Plato’s view, i. [363];
mixture in Plato of poetical fancy and religious mysticism with dialectic theory, iii. [16];
distinct aptitudes required by Aristotle for, ii. [54];
Aristotle on its dissecting function, [70 n.];
Stoic View, i. [371 n.];
Theopompus, [450].
[Dialogues], the Sokratic, i. [x], [xi];
the lost, of Aristotle, [262 n.], [356 n.];
of Sokratici viri, [111], [114];
of Plato, give little information about him personally, [262];
different in form from Aristotle’s, [356 n.];
vary in value, ii. [19];
variety of Plato, i. [344];
dramatic pictures, not historical, [419 n.], ii. [33 n.], [150], [155 n.], [163], [172], [195], [199], [203], [265 n.], iii. [9 n.], [19], [25];
of common form — Plato never speaks in his own name, i. [344];
reluctant to publish doctrines on his own responsibility, [350], [352], [355], [361 n.];
may have published under the name of others, [360];
his lectures differ from, in being given in his own name, [402];
Plato assumed impossibility of teaching by written exposition, [350], [355], ii. [56 n.], [64];
assumption intelligible in his day, i. [357];
Sokratic elenchus, a test of the expository process, [358];
of Search predominate, [366];
a necessary preliminary to those of Exposition, ii. [201];
their basis, Sokratic doctrine that false persuasion of knowledge is universal, i. [367], [393];
illustrated by Hippias and Charmidês, ii. [64], [163];
appeal to authority, suppressed in Academics, i. [368];
debate common in the Sokratic age, [370];
process per se interesting to Plato, [403];
the obstetric method — lead of the respondent followed, [368];
modern search for truth goes on silently, [369];
purpose to stimulate intellect, and form verifying power, iii. [177], [188], [284];
novelty and value of this, [190];
process of generalisation always kept in view in, i. [406];
affirmative and negative veins distinct, [399], [402], [420];
often no ulterior affirmative end, [375];
but Plato presumes the search will be renewed, [395];
value as suggestive, and reviewing under different aspects, ii. [69];
untenable hypothesis that Plato communicated solutions to a few, i. [xii], [360], [401];
no assignable interdependence, [407];
each has its end in itself, [xii], [344], [375], [400 n.], ii. [300 n.], iii. [71], [85], [93], [176], [179], [184 n.], [284], [332], [400], [420], iv. [138];
of Exposition, pedagogic tone, iii. [368 n.];
Plato’s change in old age, iv. [273], [320], [380], [424], i. [244];
Xenophon compared, [ ib.];
order for review, i. [408];
see [Canon].
[Dianoia], Nous and, two grades of intelligence, iv. [66].
Dikæarchus, ii. [425 n.]
[Dikasts], opposition of feeling between Sokrates and, i. [375];
influence of dikastery on growth of Dialectic, [385].
[Diodorus Kronus], doctrine of Power, i. [140];
defended by Hobbes, [143];
hypothetical propositions, [145];
time, difficulties of Now, [ib.];
motion, [146];
Aristotle nearly coincides with, [ib.];
and Hobbes, [ib.];
his death, [147].
[Diogenes of Apollonia], life and doctrines, i. [60];
air his primordial element, [61];
many properties of, [ib.];
physiology, [60 n.], [62];
cosmology and meteorology, [64];
often followed Herakleitus, [ib. n.];
anticipated modern doctrine of aerolithes, [ib.];
Agreement with Anaxagoras, [65];
fundamental tenet, agreement with Aristotle and Demokritus, [69 n.];
theory of vision, iv. [237 n.]
Diogenes of Sinôpê, i. [152];
works, [155];
doctrines, [154];
Sokrates’ precepts fullest carried out by, [160];
asceticism, [157];
compared with Indian Gymnosophists and Selli, [ib.], [160 n.], [163 n.];
with Aristippus, [190];
Communism of wives, [189 n.];
opposed Platonic ideas, [163];
the first protest of Nominalism against Realism, [164].
[Diogenes Laertius], i. [291 n.], [294].
[Dion Chrysostom], i. [112 n.]
[Dionysius], the elder, Aristippus’ intercourse with, i. [193];
visited by Plato, [351];
the younger, visited by Plato, [258], [355];
expedition of Dion against, [259].
[Dionysius Hal.], on Apology, i. [411 n.];
rhetorical powers of Plato and Demosthenes, iii. [407 n.];
rivalry of Plato and Lysias, [411 n.];
contrasts Plato’s with Σωκρατικοὶ διάλογοι, i. [110 n.];
Plato’s jealousy and love of supremacy, [117 n.]
[Disease], general survey of, iv. [249];
preservative and healing agencies, [250].
[Dittrich] on Kratylus, iii. [303 n.]
[Diversum], iv. [226];
form of, pervades all others, iii. [209], [232];
Aristotle on, [238 n.]
[Division], logical, ii. [27];
and definition, the two processes of dialectic, iii. [29], [39];
dialogues of search illustrate process, [29], [177], [188];
novelty and value of this, ii. [235], iii. [190];
by dichotomy, [254];
importance of founding on sensible resemblances, [255];
sub-classes often overlooked, [341];
well illustrated in Philêbus, [344];
but feebly applied, [369];
Plato enlarges Pythagorean doctrine, [368].
[Dodona], oracle to be consulted, iv. [325];
Xenophon, i. [237].
[Doing] and making, ii. [155];
use of εὖ ζῆν and εὖ πράττειν in Charmidês, [216 n.]
[Drama], influence on growth of Dialectic, i. [385];
mixed pleasure and pain excited by, iii. [355 n.];
Plato’s aversion to Athenian, iv. [316], [350];
peculiar to himself, [317];
Aristotle differs, [ib. n.];
see [Poetry].
[Dreams], doctrine of Demokritus, caused by images from objects, i. [81];
Plato’s theory of, iv. [237];
as affecting doctrine Homo mensura, iii. [130];
belief of rhetor Aristeides in, [146 n.]
[Drunkenness], Sokrates proof against, iii. [21], [23], iv. [287];
is test of self-control, iii. [21 n.], iv. [289], [298];
forbidden at Sparta, how far justifiable, [286];
chorus of elders require, [297];
unbecoming the guardians, [298 n.]