II. Driving.
Get the carriage ready.
馬車裝起來
Mo-tsho tsaung-chi-le.
Bring the carriage round.
馬車牽過來
Mo-tsho chien-koo-le.
The carriage is not clean.
馬車勿乾淨
Mo-tsho ’veh koen-zing.
The lamps are dirty.
燈是齷齪个
Tung z auh-tshauh kuh.
Are there candles in the lamps?
燈裡有蠟燭否
Tung-li yeu lah-tsok va?
The collar doesn’t fit.
軛頭裝來勿伏帖
Ah-deu tsaung le veh vok-thih.
It will hurt the horse’s shoulder.
要擦傷馬頸骨个
Iau tshah-saung mo-kyung-kweh-kuh.
Keep the harness clean and in good order.
馬傢生要乾淨咾合式个
Mo ka-sang iau koen-zing lau ’eh-suh kuh.
Don’t go (drive) too quickly.
勿要忒快
’Veh iau thuh khwa.
(Drive) more quickly.
要快點
Iau khwa-tien.
Stay here until I come back.
停拉此地等我轉來
Ding la tsh-di, tung ngoo tsen-le.
At ten o’clock come back.
十點鐘再來
Zeh tien-tsoong tse le.
I want the carriage at nine o’clock.
九點鐘我要馬車
Kyeu tien-tsoong ngoo iau mo-tsho.
(Those) wheels are loose.
輪盤鬆者
Lung-ben soong tse.
Put new washers on.
要換新个拈墊
Iau wen sing-kuh nyien-dien.
I want a two-horse carriage.
我要雙馬車
Ngoo iau saung mo-tsho.
Be careful with that horse.
當心伊隻馬
Taung-sing i-tsak mo.
He may run away.
伊要逃走 or 跑開
Yi iau dau-tseu (or bau-khe.)
PURCHASING.
| I want to buy china. 我要買磁器 Ngoo iau ma dz-chi. | Knife cash. 刀錢 Tau-dzien. |
| Silk. 絲綢 S-dzeu. | Ancient cash. 古錢 Koo-dzien. |
| Embroidery. 顧繡 Koo-sieu. | Wood Carvings. 木刻玩器 Mok-khuh wan-chi. |
| Furs. 皮貨 Bi-hoo. | Carvings. 刻作 Khuh-tsauh. |
| Old curios. 古董 Koo-toong. | Silver ware. 銀器 Nyung-chi. |
| Cloisonné ware. 珐藍个物事 Fah-lan kuh meh-z. | Boxes of puzzles. 七巧板 Tshih-chau-pan. |
| A blue bowl with cover. 淡描蓋碗 Dan-miau ke-’wen. | Teapots. 茶壺 Dzo-‘oo. |
| An incense burner. 香爐 Hyang-loo. |
Please show me your wares.
儂个貨色請儂撥我看看
Noong-kuh hoo-suh tshing noong peh ngoo khoen-khoen.
What is the price of this?
第个啥價錢
Di-kuh sa ka-dien?
This is too dear.
第个價錢忒貴
Di-kuh ka-dien thuh kyui.
Can you make it cheaper?
可以[C1]點否
Khau-i jang-tien va?
This is imitation.
第个是翻做个
Di-kuh z fan-tsoo-kuh.
This is not real.
第个勿是眞个
Di-kuh ’veh-z tsung-kuh.
Can you use these dollars?
第个洋錢好用否
Di-kuh yang-dien hau yoong va?
What discount on Hongkong dollars?
每塊香港洋錢齾脫幾化
’Me-khwe Hyang-kaung yang-dien ngah-theh kyi-hau?
What is the value of Japanese yen?
每塊日本洋錢申幾化
Me-khwe Zeh-pung yang-dien sung kyi-hau?
How many Mexican dollars will an English sovereign bring?
每磅金洋値英洋幾化
Me paung kyung-yang dzuk Iung-yang kyi-hau?
What is the value of American dollars?
每塊花旗洋錢値幾化
’Me khwe Hwo-ji yang-dien dzuh kyi-hau?
THE CHINESE TEACHER (先生).
I want a (Chinese) teacher.
我要請一位先生
Ngoo iau tshing ih-we sien-sang.
I want to learn Mandarin.
我要學官話
Ngoo iau ’auh Kwen-wo.
I want to learn the Shanghai dialect.
我要學上海土白
Ngoo iau ’auh Zaung-he thoo-bak.
Good morning, teacher.
先生早呀
Sien-sang tsau ’a.
My Chinese words are few.
我个中國說話勿多
Ngoo-kuh Tsoong-kok seh-wo ’veh-too.
I want to study in the morning.
我要拉早晨讀書
Ngoo iau la tsau-zung dok-su.
What hour in the morning to begin?
早晨幾點鐘起頭
Tsau-zung kyi tien-tsoong chi-deu?
From seven to eight o’clock.
七點鐘到八點鐘
Tshih tien-tsoong tau pah tien-tsoong.
Can you come earlier?
儂能彀早點來否
Noong nung-keu tsau-tien le va?
What hour is most convenient?
啥時候頂便當
Sa z-’eu ting bien-taung.
How much a month do you wish?
每月儂要幾化薪水
’Me nyoeh noong iau kyi-kau sing-soe?
If each day [we] study one hour [I] want eight dollars.
若是每日讀一點鐘要八塊洋錢
Zak-z ’me nyih dok ih tien-tsoong iau pah-khwe yang-dien.
What book do you think I should study?
儂想讀啥个書
Noong siang dok sa-kuh su?
To aspirate is important.
出風是要緊个
Tsheh-foong z iau-kyung kuh.
Read it over again.
再讀一遍
Tse dok ih-pien.
[To teacher] Should I learn to write the characters?
儂想我要學寫中國字否
Noong siang ngoo iau ’auh sia Tsoong-kok z va?
[To teacher] Do I speak correctly?
我話來對否
Ngoo wo le te va?
[To student] You do not speak distinctly.
儂話來勿淸爽
Noong wo le ’veh tshing-saung.
Speak more quickly.
話來快點
Wo-le khwa-tien.
Speak more slowly.
話來慢點
Wo-le man-tien.
You speak too quick.
儂話來忒决
Noong wo le thuh-khwa.
To listen to other people’s idiom is important.
聼別人个話法是要緊个
Thing bih-nyung-kuh wo-fah z iau-kyung-kuh.
[We have] finished the study of this book; may [we] study Yates’ Lessons?
第本書讀完之,可以讀中國譯語妙法否
Di pung su dok-wen-ts, khau-i dok Tsoong-kok Yuk Nyui Miau Fah va?
* Since writing these Sentences new Lessons on the Shanghai Dialect have been prepared by Rev. L. Hawks Pott, D.D.(卜先生)
Sir, please write a letter for me.
先生請儂替我寫一封信
Sien-sang, tshing noong thi ngoo sia ih foong sing.
[To teacher] To-morrow I have matters [to attend to] and will not be able to study.
明朝我有事體, 勿能讀書
Ming-tsau ngoo yeu z-thi, ’veh nung dok-su.
[To student] The day after to-morrow I go from home and cannot come to teach.
後日我要出門, 勿能來敎書
‘Eu-nyih ngoo iau tsheh-mung, ’veh nung le kau su.
At the beginning, of next week I want to go to the hills for a summer holiday, so in the meantime we will stop for a week.
下禮拜起, 我要上山歇夏, 所以暫時停一个月
‘Au li-pa chi, ngoo iau zaung san hyih ‘au, soo-i dzan z ding ih-kuh nyoeh.
NUMERALS (藪目).
| 1 一 ih | 70 七十 tshih-seh |
| 2 二 nyi | 80 八十 pah-seh |
| 3 三 san | 90 九十 kyeu-seh |
| 4 四 s | 100 一百 ih-pak |
| 5 五 ng | 101 一百零一 ih-pak ling ih |
| 6 六 lok | 102 一百零二 ih-pak ling nyi |
| 7 七 tshih | 103 一百零三 ih-pak ling san |
| 8 八 pah | 104 一百零四 ih-pak ling s |
| 9 九 kyeu | 105 一百零五 ih-pak ling ng |
| 10 十 zeh | 106 一百零六 ih-pak ling lok |
| 11 十一 zeh-ih | 107 一百零七 ih-pak ling tshih |
| 12 十二 zeh-nyi | 108 一百零八 ih-pak ling pah |
| 13 十三 zeh-san | 109 一百零九 ih-pak ling kyeu |
| 14 十四 zeh-s | 110 一百十 ih-pak zeh |
| 15 十五 so-ng | 111 一百十一 ih-pak zeh-ih |
| 16 十六 zeh-lok | 200 二百 nyi-pak |
| 17 十七 zeh-tshih | 300 三百 san-pak |
| 18 十八 zeh-pah | 400 四百 s-pak |
| 19 十九 zeh-kyeu | 500 五百 ng-pak |
| 20 念 or 二十 nyan or nyi-seh | 600 六百 lok-pak |
| 21 念一 nyan-ih | 700 七百 tshih-pak |
| 22 念二 nyan-nyi | 800 八百 pah-pak |
| 23 念三 nyan-san | 900 九百 kyeu-pak |
| 24 念四 nyan-s | 1,000 一千 ih-tshien |
| 25 念五 nyan-ng | 1,001 一千零零一 ih-tshien ling ling ih |
| 26 念六 nyan-lok | 2,000 二千 nyi-tshien |
| 27 念七 nyan-tshih | 5,000 五千 ng-tshien |
| 28 念八 nyan-pah | 10,000 一萬 ih-man (or ih van) |
| 29 念九 nyan-kyeu | 20,000 二萬 nyi-man |
| 30 三十 san-seh | 50,000 五萬 ng-man |
| 31 卅一 san-zeh-ih | 100,000 十萬 zeh-man |
| 40 四十 s-seh | 500,000 五十萬 ng-zeh man |
| 50 五十 ng-seh | 900,000 九十萬 kyeu-seh man |
| 60 六十 lok-seh | 1,000,000 一百萬 ih-pak man |
CLASSIFIERS.
In this and the following sections a number of useful words are grouped according to grammatical or topical divisions. A study of the words, called classifiers, which come between “a” or “an” (or rather its equivalent, the numeral 一 ih) and the word itself, will make our communications to the Chinese correct and more lucid.
First Classifier, 个 (kuh).
| A man. 一个人 Ih-kuh nyung. | A bottle. 一个玻璃瓶 Ih-kuh poo-li-bing. |
| A woman. 一个女人 Ih-kuh nyui-nyung. | An egg. 一个蛋 Ih-kuh-dan. |
| A son. 一个兒子 Ih-kuh nyi-ts. | A scholar. 一个學生子 Ih-kuh ‘auh-sang-ts. |
| A daughter. 一个囡 Ih-kuh noen. | A farmer. 一个種田入 Ih-kuh tsoong-dien-nyung. |
| A friend. 一个朋友 Ih-kuh bang-yeu. | A carpenter. 一个木匠 Ih-kuh mok-ziang. |
| A native. 一个本地人 Ih-kuh pung-di-nyung. | A mason. 一个泥水匠 Ih-kuh nyi-s-ziang. |
| A servant. 一个用人 Ih-kuh yoong-nyung. |
Second Classifier, 隻 (tsak).
| A dog. 一隻狗 Ih-tsak keu. | A bed. 一隻床 Ih-tsak zaung. |
| A cat. 一隻猫 Ih-tsak mau. | A plate. 一隻盆子 Ih-tsak bung-ts. |
| A fowl. 一隻雞 Ih-tsak kyi. | A saucer. 一隻茶杯 Ih-tsak dzo-pe. |
| A bird. 一隻窵 Ih-tsak tiau. | A cup. 一隻杯子 Ih-tsak pe-ts. |
| A table. 一隻檯子 Ih-tsak de-ts. | A stove. 一隻火爐 Ih-tsak hoo-loo. |
| A trunk. 一隻箱子 Ih-tsak siang-ts. | A watch. 一隻表 Ih-tsak piau. |
Third Classifier, 把 (po).
| A chair. 一把椅子 Ih-po iui-ts. | A fan. 一把扇子 Ih-po sen-ts. |
| A hammer. 一把榔頭 Ih-po laung-deu. | An umbrella. 一把傘 Ih-po san. |
Fourth Classifier, 條 (diau).
| A stream. 一條河 Ih-diau ‘oo. | A rope. 一條繩 Ih-diau zung. |
| A bridge. 一條橋 Ih-diau jau. | A snake. 一條蛇 Ih-diau zo. |
| A road. 一條路 Ih-diau loo. | A bar of iron. 一條鐵條 Ih-diau thih-diau. |
Fifth Classifier, 根 (kung).
| A stick of timber. 一根木頭 Ih-kung mok-deu. | A thread. 一根線 Ih-kung sien. |
| A bamboo. 一根竹頭 Ih-kung tsok-deu. | A rope. 一根繩 Ih-kung zung. |
Sixth Classifier, 本 (pung).
| A book. 一本書 Ih-pung su. |
Seventh Classifier, 部 (boo).
| A work of one or more volumes. 一部書 Ih-boo su. | A ricksha. 一部東洋車 Ih-boo toong-yang-tsho. |
| A carriage. 一部馬車 Ih-boo mo-tsho. | A wheelbarrow. 一部小車 Ih-boo siau-tsho. |
Eighth Classifier, 座 (zoo).
| A mountain. 一座山 Ih-dzoo san. | A house. 一座房子 Ih-dzoo vaung-ts. |
| A city. 一座城 Ih-dzoo dzung. | A pagoda. 一座塔 Ih-dzoo thah. |
Ninth Classifier, 疋 (phih).
| A piece of cloth. 一疋布 Ih-phih poo. |
Tenth Classifier, 匹 (phih).
| A horse. 一匹馬 Ih-phih mo. | A mule. 一匹騾子 Ih-phih loo-ts. |
Eleventh Classifier, 塊 (khwe).
| A piece of wood. 一塊木頭 Ih-khwe mok-deu. | A pane of glass. 一塊玻璃 Ih-khwe poo-li. |
| A slice of meat. 一塊肉 Ih-khwe nyok. | A dollar. 一塊洋錢 Ih-khwe yang-dien. |
| A piece of land. 一塊地皮 Ih-khwe di-bi. | A brick. 一塊碌磚 Ih-khwe lok-tsen. |
Twelfth Classifier, 幅 (fok).
| A painting or engraving. 一幅晝圖 Ih-fok wo-doo. | A chart or map. 一幅地圖 Ih-fok di-doo. |
Thirteenth Classifier, 扇 (sen).
| A door. 一扇門 Ih-sen mung. | A screen. 一扇屛風 Ih-sen bing-foong. |
Fourteenth Classifier, 乘 (dzung).
| A flight of stairs or a ladder. 一乘扶梯 Ih-dzung voo-thi. | A step of a door. 一乘踏步 Ih-dzung dah-boo. |
Fifteenth Classifier, 頂 (ting).
| A sedan chair. 一頂轎子 Ih-ting jau-ts. | A hat. 一頂帽子 Ih-ting mau-ts. |
Sixteenth Classifier, 位 (we).
| A visitor, a customer. 一位客人 Ih-we khak-nyung. | A teacher. 一位先生 Ih-we sien-sang. |
Seventeenth Classifier, 張 (tsang).
| A sheet of paper. 一張紙 Ih-tsang ts. | A newspaper. 一張新聞紙 Ih-tsang sing-vung-ts. |
Eighteenth Classifier, 爿 (ban).
| A foreign firm. 一爿洋行 Ih-ban yang-‘aung. | A shop. 一爿店 Ih-ban tien. |
Nineteenth Classifier, 副 (foo).
| A set of buttons. 一副鈕子 Ih-foo nyeu-ts. | A pair of scrolls. 一副對聯 Ih-foo te-lien. |
Twentieth Classifier, 雙 (saung).
| A pair of shoes. 一雙鞋子 Ih-saung ‘a-ts. | A pair of gloves. 一雙手套 Ih-saung seu-thau. |
Twenty-first Classifier, 尊 (tsung).
| An idol. 一尊菩薩 Ih tsung boo sah. |
Twenty-second Classifier, 包 (pau).
| A parcel. 一包 Ih-pau. | A bale of cotton. 一包棉花 Ih-pau mien-hwo. |
| A bundle of clothing. 一包衣裳 Ih-pau i-zaung. | A bale of silk. 一包絲 Ih-pau s. |
Twenty-third Classifier, 棵 (khoo).
| A tree. 一棵樹 Ih khoo zu. | A flowering plant. 一棵花 Ih khoo hwo. |
Twenty-fourth Classifier, 面 (mien).
| A mirror. 一面鏡子 Ih-mien kyung-ts. | A flag. 一面旗 Ih-mien ji |
Twenty-fifth Classifier, 堆 (te).
| A pile of fuel. 一堆柴 Ih te za. | A pile of stones. 一堆石頭 Ih te zak-deu. |
| A pile of coal. 一堆煤 Ih te me. | AA pile of goods. 一堆貨色 Ih te hoo-suh. |
Twenty-sixth Classifier, 綑 (khwung).
| A bundle of rice straw. 一綑稻柴 Ih khwung dau-za. | A bundle of wood. 一綑柴 Ih khwung za. |
Twenty-seventh Classifier, 管 (kwen).
| A pen. 一管筆 Ih kwen pih. | A foot rule. 一管尺 Ih kwen tshak. |