Heath's French and English dictionary

by Jean Louis de Lolme

G

g, n.m., the seventh letter of the alphabet, g.

gaban, n.m. V. caban.

gabarage, n.m., lighterage.

gabare, n.f., lighter, flat-bottomed barge, store-ship, transport-ship.

gabari or gabarit, n.m., mold, model, build (of a ship); (rail.) carriage-gage.

gabarier, n.m., lighterman; master of a store-ship.

☉gabatine, n.f., flam, humbug, hoax. Donner de la — à quelqu’un; to bamboozle any one.

gabegie, n.f., (pop.) fraud, deceit.

gabelage (ga-blaj), n.m., drysalting time; excise mark.

gabeler (ga-blé), v.a., to dry (salt).

gabeleur (ga-bleur), n.m., salt-dryer.

gabelle, n.f., gabel, salt-tax, duty on salt. Frauder la —; to defraud the excise.

gabet, n.m., vane.

gabier, n.m., (nav.) top-man.

gabion, n.m., (fort.) gabion.

gabionnade, n.f., (milit.) gabionade.

gabionner, v.a., (fort.) to cover with gabions.

gâche, n.m., staple, wall-hook.

gâcher, v.a., to mix mortar; to rinse; (fig.) to bungle, to make a mess of, to botch; to sell under price.

gâchette, n.f., staple, spring (of a lock); follower (of a firelock).

gâcheur, n.m., mason’s laborer; bungler; one who sells under price (fig.). C’est un —; he is a bungler, a botcher.

gâcheu-x, -se, adj., splashy, sloppy. Chemin —; sloppy road.

gâchis, n.m., slop, mess, pickle, hash. Faire du — de; to make a hash of, to make a mess of. Être dans le —, avoir du —; to be in a mess, in a pickle.

gade, n.m., (ich.) codfish.

gadelle, n.f., red-currant.

gadellier, n.m., red-currant bush.

gadoïde, n.m., (ich.) codfish.

gadcuard, n.m., nightman, scavenger.

gadoue, n.f., filth, night-soil, sewage matter; (pop.) trollop.

gaélique, n.m. and adj., Gaelic.

gaffe, n.f., (nav.) gaff, boat-hook.

gaffeau, n.m., small boat-hook.

gaffer, v.a., (nav.) to hook.

gage, n.m., pawn, pledge; security, deposit; token, testimony; stake, forfeit (play); (jur.) lien. —s; wages, hire, pay; (fig.) assurance, promise, proof. Prêter sur —s; to lend money on pawned articles. Prêteur sur —s; pawn-broker. Mettre en —; to pawn. Donner en —; to pawn. Retirer un —; to redeem a pledge. Jouer aux —s; to play at forfeits. Casser aux —s; to dismiss from service, to discharge, to cashier. À —s; hired, paid. Prendre à —s; to hire.

gager, v.a., to hire; to lay, to lay a wager, to hold a wager, to bet, to stake; to pay wages to, to pay; (fig.) to predict, to be almost certain. — avec quelqu’un, contre quelqu’un; to lay a wager with, against any one. — le double contre le simple; to bet two to one. — sa vie; to stake one’s life. Gage que si, gage que non; I bet it is, I bet it is not.

gagerie (gaj-rî), n.f. V. saisie.

gageu-r, n.m., -se, n.f. V. parieur.

gageure (ga-jur), n.f., bet, wager, stake, stakes. Faire une —; to lay a wager. Soutenir la —; to stick to a thing, to maintain one’s ground, opinion. La — est la preuve des sots; betting marks the fool.

gagiste, adj., (jur.) by pledge. Créancier —; pledgee, bailee.

gagiste, n.m., hireling; (thea.) supernumerary; (jur.) pledgee, bailee.

*gagnage, n.m., pasturage, pasture-land.

*gagnant, n.m., -e, n.f., winner.

*gagnant, -e, adj., winning.

*gagne-denier, n.m., (—-—s), laborer, laboring man, day-laborer.

*gagne-pain, n.m., (—) bread-winner; means of subsistence, livelihood, daily bread.

*gagne-petit, n.m., (—) knife-grinder.

gagné, -e, adj., gained, won. Donner —; to give in, to own one’s self beaten. Avoir ville —e; to carry the day, to gain one’s point. Crier ville —e; to make sure of success; to cry victory (before it is won).

*gagner, v.a., to gain, to make; to earn, to get; to win; to prevail upon; to gain over, to bribe; to allure, to attract, to entice; to carry, to make one’s self master of; to prepossess; to deserve; to seize, to come over; to reach, to overtake, to get to, to come to, to arrive at; to catch. — sa vie avec peine; to work hard for one’s living. Vous n’y gagnerez rien; you will gain nothing by it. — une bataille; to gain a battle. — un pari; to win a bet. — la partie; to win the game. — son procès; to win one’s case. Je n’ai pu — cela sur lui; I could not prevail upon him to do that. — quelqu’un; to win any one’s money (at play). — quelqu’un; to draw, to win, any one over. — la contrescarpe; to carry the counterscarp. J’y gagnai une pleurésie; I caught pleurisy there. — un rhume; to catch a cold. La faim me gagne; I am beginning to feel hungry. La nuit nous gagnera; night will overtake us. — le logis; to reach home. — du chemin, — du pays; to gain ground; to get forward, to get on. — du temps; to gain time. — du pied, — les champs; to run away, to reach the open. — le devant; to get the start. — quelqu’un de vitesse; to get the start of any one; to be beforehand with any one. — le dessus; to get the better of. — un vaisseau; to gain ground on a ship. — la volonté d’un cheval; to break, to subdue, a horse.

*se gagner, v.r., to gain, to earn, to make, to acquire; to be catching, to be contagious.

*gagner, v.n., to gain, to make, to earn, to get, to reach; to win (at cards, in a lottery). — à être connu; to improve upon acquaintance. Qui épargne gagne; a penny saved is a penny earned.

*gagneu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., winner, gainer.

gai, -e, adj., gay, merry, lively, exhilarating, mirthful, cheerful; blithe, buxom, gladsome, pleasant; (of colors) gaudy, bright, vivid; (mus.) allegro. Vert —; light green. Temps —; exhilarating weather. Il a le vin —; he is very merry in his cups. — comme un pinson; as gay as a lark, as merry as a grig. Être fort —; to be in excellent spirits. Il est — comme un bonnet de nuit; he is as dull as ditch-water.

gai, adv., (l.u.) gaily, merrily.

gaiac, n.m., (bot.) guaiac, guaiacum, holy-wood, wood of life; Indian wood. Bois de —; lignum-vitæ; (bot.) lignum-vitæ tree. Gomme, or résine, de —; guaiacum.

gaiement or gaîment (ghè-mān), adv., gaily, merrily, cheerfully, cheerily, briskly, blithely, jovially, laughingly; willingly, heartily.

gaieté or gaîté, n.f., gayety, merriment, mirth, glee; cheerfulness, blitheness, merriness, mirthfulness, joviality, sportiveness, good humor; youthful frolic. Cheval qui a de la —; (man.) mettlesome horse. De — de cœur; wantonly, out of sheer wantonness. Être en —; to be sprung.

*gaillard, -e, adj., joyful, joyous, jovial, jolly, merry, lively; blithe, buxom, light-hearted; libertine, wanton; broad; tipsy; sprung (half-tipsy); cool, fresh (of the wind). Nous étions tous un peu —s; we were all rather sprung. Vent —; cool wind.

gaillard, n.m., lively, merry, jovial fellow; fellow, blade, jolly dog. Gros —; great big fellow. Petit —; sly dog. — résolu; determined dog.

gaillard, n.m., (nav.) castle. — d’arrière; quarter-deck. — d’avant; forecastle. Sur le — d’avant; before the mast.

*gaillarde, n.f., gaillard (dance); wanton; (print.) bourgeois.

*gaillardement, adv., joyously, merrily, blithely; boldly, briskly.

*gaillardise, n.f., sprightliness, liveliness, mirth, jollity; broad, free, wanton language. Dire des —s; to make use of free, wanton language.

*gaillet, n.m., (bot.) V. caille-lait.

gain, n.m., gain, profit, emolument, lucre; winning, gaining. — net; clear gain, net profit. —s nuptiaux, —s de survie; (jur.) whatever is left to the survivor (husband or wife). Amour du —; love of lucre. — de jeu; winnings. Tirer du — de; to profit by. Vivre de son —; to live by one’s winnings. Avoir — de cause; to carry the day, to win. Donner — de cause à; to yield to any one. Se retirer sur son —; to retire upon one’s winnings.

gaine, n.f., scabbard, sheath; (of a clock) case; (bot.) ochrea; (archi.) terminal; (nav.) canvas-edging. — de pavillon; canvas edging of an ensign.

gainerie, n.f., sheath-making.

gainier, n.m., sheath-maker, scabbard-maker; (bot.) judas-tree.

gaîté. V. gaieté.

gala, n.m., gala. Habite de —; full, or court, dress.

galactomètre, n.m., lactometer.

galamment (ga-la-mān), adv., gracefully; with gallantry, courteously, in a courtly manner; handsomely, genteelly; gallantly, bravely, nobly.

galane, n.f., (bot.) tortoise-flower.

galanga, n.m., (bot.) galangale, galanga.

galant, -e, adj., honest, upright; civil; liberal, generous; gallant, courteous; fine, flattering, complimentary, genteel. C’est un — homme; he is a man of honor. Un homme —; a courteous, polite man, ladies’ man. Un billet —; a love-letter. Humeur —e; gay humor. En — homme; like a gentleman, gallantly. Manières —es; gallant manners. Femme —e; courtesan, gay woman.

galant, n.m., gallant, wooer, sweetheart, suitor, lover; sharp fellow. Faire le —; to court the ladies. Un vert galant; a dashing ladies’ man, a devoted admirer of the fair sex. — d’hiver; (bot.) snow-drop.

galanterie (ga-lan-trî), n.f., politeness, gallantry (towards the ladies), flattering, courteous compliment; present; intrigue, love affair; (med.) syphilis. Dire des —s; to flirt with. Ce n’est qu’une —; it is but a mere compliment.

galantin, n.m., dangler, beau.

galantine, n.f., galantine; (bot.) snow-drop. — perce-neige; snow-drop.

☉galantiser, v.a., to dangle after.

☉se galantiser, v.r., to admire one’s self.

galaxie, n.f., (astron.) Galaxy, Milky-Way.

galbanum (-non), n.m., (bot.) galbanum. Donner du — à quelqu’un; to raise false hopes.

galbe, n.m., (arch.) graceful sweep; entasis; swelling; outline, curve, sweep (of the face).

gale, n.f., itch; scab; mange; scurf (of vegetables, fruit). Être méchant comme la —; to be very spiteful. N’avoir pas la — aux dents; to be a glutton.

galé, n.m., gale, sweet-willow, Dutch myrtle.

galéace or galéasse, n.f., (nav.) galeas.

galée, n.f., (print.) galley. Coulisse de —; galley-slice.

galéga, n.m., (bot.) galega, goat’s rue.

galène, n.f., (min.) galena. — de fer; wolfram. Fausse —; mock-lead.

galénique, adj., (med.) galenic, galenical.

galénisme, n.m., (med.) galenism.

galéniste, n.m., (med.) galenist.

galeobdolan, n.m., (bot.) yellow archangel.

galéopsis, n.m., (bot.) galeopsis; stinking dead-nettle, blind-nettle.

se galer, v.r., (pop.) to scratch, or to rub, one’s self. v.a., to scratch, to claw.

galère, n.f., galley, row-galley; organ-builder’s plane; Spanish wagon. Être condamné aux —s; to be condemned to the galleys. Tenir —; to maintain a galley. Vogue la —; happen or come what may. Qu’allait-il faire dans cette —? what business had he there or whatever induced him to get into that scrape? C’est une vraie —; it is frightful drudgery.

galerie (ga-lri), n.f., gallery, lobby, corridor; (fig.) spectators, lookers on, company; (nav.) stern gallery, balcony; passage; (mec.) foot-board; (mining) level, drift, creep-hole; (thea.) gallery; (furniture) beading, rim; (for curtains) cornice. Petite —; (arch.) heading. — principale; (arch.) body-range (of vaults); (mining) foot-board. — d’allongement; (mining) main level. — d’écoulement; (engineering) drainage, drain-gallery; (mining) adit; offtake; drift; thirl. — du faux pont; (nav.) gangway. — en saillie; (arch.) bartizan. Faire —; to look on (at balls); to be a wall-flower. — de tableaux; picture-gallery.

galérien (-ri-in), n.m., galley-slave, convict.

galerne, n.f., (nav.) northwesterly wind.

galet, n.m., shuffle-board; pebble, shingle; shingly beach; gravel; (locksmith’s work) roller.

galetas (gal-tâ), n.m., garret, attic; hole, hovel.

galette, n.f., broad thin cake; sea-biscuit. Plat comme une —; flat as a pancake.

galeu-x, -se, adj., itchy; scabby; mangy; scurfy (of plants, trees). Chien —; mangy dog. Brebis —se; scabby sheep. Arbre —; scurfy tree. Qui se sent — se gratte; (prov.) if the cap fits, wear it.

galeu-x, n.m., -se, n.f., mangy fellow.

galhauban, n.m., (nav.) back-stay. Rides de —s; laniards of the back-stays. —s volants; preventer back-stays.

galimafrée, n.f., (cook.) hotch-potch, hash, mishmash.

galimatias (-tiâ), n.m., fustian, nonsense; balderdash, rigmarole, gibberish.

galion, n.m., (nav.) galleon.

galiote, n.f., galliot; half-galley, bark, boat, ketch, tub; (bot.) bennet. — à bombes; bomb-ketch. — de Hollande; track-scout.

galipot, n.m., white resin.

galipoter, v.a., (nav.) to pitch.

galle, n.f., oak-apple, gall. Noix de —; gall-nut. —s de chêne; oak galls.

gallerie, n.f., bee-moth.

gallican, -e (gal-li-), adj., Gallican, French.

gallicanisme, n.m., Gallicanism.

gallicisme (gal-li-), n.m., gallicism.

gallinacé, -e, adj., (orni.) gallinaceous.

gallinacés (gal-li-), n.m.pl., (orni.) gallinaceæ.

galline, n.f., (ich.) sapphirine garnet; swallow-fish; tub-fish.

gallique (gal-lik), adj.m., (chem.) gallic. Acide —; gallic acid; (geog.) Gallic.

gallois, -e, adj., Welsh.

gallois, n.m., -e, n.f., Welshman; Welshwoman.

gallois, n.m., Welsh language.

gallon, n.m., (measure of capacity) gallon.

galoche, n.f., galosh, clog; (nav.) clamp. Un menton de —; a long-pointed chin. — de fer; (nav.) hanging clamp.

galon, n.m., galoon, lace, gimp; grocer’s round box; officers’ stripes.

galonner, v.a., to lace, to adorn with gold or silver-lace. Habit galonné; laced coat.

galonnier, n.m., gold-lace maker; silver-lace maker.

galop (ga-lô), n.m., gallop, galloping; (dance) gallop; (pop.) scolding, reprimand. Petit —; hand gallop. — raccourci, demi-—; canter. Grand — or — de charge; full gallop.

galopade, n.f., galloping; gallop; (fam.) blowing up.

galopant, -e, adj., galloping.

galoper, v.n., to gallop; to run on; to run about; to dance the gallop. Faire — un cheval; to make a horse gallop.

galoper, v.a., to gallop; to pursue; to run after; to seize upon.

galopin, n.m., errand boy; young scoundrel; blackguard; rogue, imp.

☉galoubet, n.m., (mus.) tabor-pipe.

galuchat, n.m., dog-fish skin; shark-skin.

galurin, n.m., hat, tile (slang).

galvanique, adj., galvanic. Pile —; galvanic battery, galvanic trough.

galvaniser, v.a., to galvanize.

galvanisme, n.m., galvanism.

galvanomètre, n.m., galvanometer.

galvanoplastie, n.f., electrotype.

galvauder, v.a., to abuse, to scold; to mess, to spoil.

gamache, n.f., spatterdash, legging; (orni.) black cap.

gambade, n.f., skip, gambol; blarney. Payer en —s; to pay in excuses.

gambader, v.n., to gambol, to skip, to romp, to frisk.

gambette, n.f., (orni.) red-shank.

gambier, n.m., iron bar; gambier.

*gambiller, v.n., to kick about, to fidget.

gambit, n.m., (at chess) gambit.

gamelle, n.f., (milit., nav.) porringer, platter, bowl, basin, mess. Camarade de —; messmate. Manger à la même —; to eat out of the same dish, to mess together.

gamin, n.m., boy, lad, urchin, street-arab, chit; blackguard, idle boy, cub, brat.

gamine, n.f., little girl, hoyden, chit of a girl; saucy baggage; hussy.

gamme, n.f., (mus.) gamut, scale; (fig.) comprehension, tone; dressing. — chromatique; chromatic scale. Être hors de —; to be off the hinges. Changer de —; to alter one’s tone, to turn over a new leaf. Chanter la — à quelqu’un; to lecture any one soundly. Mettre quelqu’un hors de —; to put any one out, to disconcert any one. Je lui ai répondu sur la même —; I answered him in the same tone.

ganache, n.f., lower jaw (of a horse); lout, dolt, booby, blockhead.

ganga, n.m., (orni.) sand-grouse.

ganglion, n.m., (surg.) ganglion; spavin.

ganglionnaire, adj., (anat.) ganglionary.

gangrène, n.f., gangrene, mortification; (fig.) corruption, canker.

gangrené, -e, adj., gangrened, mortified; cankered, corrupt.

gangrener, v.a., to gangrene, to mortify. Se —, v.r., to become gangrened, to be mortified; to gangrene; (fig.) to canker.

gangreneu-x, -se, adj., (med.) gangrenous, cankered.

gangue (gang), n.f., gangue, vein-stone.

ganivet, n.m., small penknife; (surg.) small knife.

gannaliser, v.a., to embalm.

gannet, n.m., (orni.) wagel.

gano (ombre), let me have the deal, “I have the king.”

ganse, n.f., knot, bobbin; edging, braid, gimp; cord, twist; loop (of diamonds). — de soie; silk-cord.

gant, n.m., glove, gauntlet, gantlet. — bourré; fencing-glove; (fig.) merit, credit, honor. — de Notre-Dame; (bot.) throatwort. Baguette à —s; glove-stick. Souple comme un —; as soft as a glove. L’amitié passe le —; excuse my glove. Jeter le —; to throw down the gauntlet, to challenge. Ramasser, relever, le —; to take up the gauntlet, to accept the challenge. Aller à quelqu’un comme un —; to fit any one like a glove; to suit any one to a T. Se donner les —s; to attribute to one’s self the success, the merit (of a thing). Il s’en donne les —s; he takes the credit of it.

gantelée, n.f., (bot.) foxglove, throatwort. Campanule —; throatwort.

gantelet (gan-tlè), n.m., gauntlet; (tech.) hand-leather; (surg.) glove-bandage.

ganter, v.a., to glove, to fit with gloves; to fit (of gloves). Cela me gante; that suits me down to the ground.

se ganter, v.r., to put on one’s gloves, to get one’s gloves (at so and so’s).

ganterie (gan-trî), n.f., glove-making; glove trade.

gant-ier, n.m., -ière, n.f. (-tier, -ti-èr), glover.

garage, n.m., (railways) shunting; (on rivers, canals) putting into wet dock; garage. Voie de —; siding.

garançage, n.m., (dy.) madder dyeing.

garance, n.f., (bot.) madder, madder-root. Petite —; squinancy. — robée; barked madder.

garancer, v.a., (dy.) to madder.

garanceur, n.m., (dy.) madder-dyer.

garancière, n.f., madder-ground.

garant, n.m., -e, n.f., guarantee; surety, security; voucher; warranter; (nav.) tackle-fall. Se rendre —, or se porter —; to warrant, to vouch for. J’en suis —; I answer for it, vouch for it.

garanti, n.m., -e, n.f., warrantee.

garantie (-tî), n.f., warranty; guaranty; warranting, guaranteeing; making good; security, voucher, pledge. — accessoire; (jur.) collateral security. Sous-—; (—-—s) counterbound. — de droit; (jur.) implied warranty. Être — à quelqu’un de quelque chose; to pledge one’s self to any one for anything.

garantir, v.a., to guarantee; to warrant; to vouch for; to insure; to make good, to indemnify; to keep from; to protect, to defend, to shelter, to shield, to guard. Je lui ai garanti le fait; I vouched for the fact (to him). Je ne vous le garantis pas; I will not warrant it you. — quelqu’un de toutes poursuites; to secure any one against all demands. — du froid; to keep from cold.

se garantir, v.r., to secure one’s self, to preserve one’s self, to shelter one’s self; to keep one’s self from; to keep clear of, to steer clear of.

garat, n.m., sort of calico.

garbure, n.f., (cook.) sort of thick porridge.

garce, n.f., strumpet, bitch, beast.

garcette, n.f., (nav.) gasket, rope’s end, sinnet; cat-o’-nine-tails, cat.

garçon, n.m., boy, lad; bachelor; journeyman, man; shop-boy, shopman; porter, office-porter; waiter; groom; (nav.) younker. C’est un vieux —; he is an old bachelor. Faire le mauvais —; to hector, to bluster. Faire le beau —; to riot, to lead a dissipated life. Brave —; worthy fellow; trump; dear fellow; good fellow. Premier —; foreman. — tailleur; journeyman tailor. Vous voilà joli —! a pretty fellow you make!

garçonner, v.n., to hoiden, to romp.

garçonnet, n.m., little boy.

garçonnière, n.f., romp, tom-boy, hoiden; bachelor’s rooms.

garde, n.f., keeping; defence; watching; guard; watch; nurse; custody, charge, ward (of a lock); fly-leaf (of books); low card (at cards); (fenc.) ward, guard; (nav.) anchor-watch; care, heed. Avoir la — d’un poste; to have the defense of a post. — avancée; advance-guard. Faire la —, être de —; to be on guard. Monter la —; to mount guard. Monter une — à quelqu’un; to rate soundly. Descendre la —; to come off guard. Relever la —; to relieve guard. La — montante; the relieving guard. La — descendante; the coming off guard. Officier de —; officer on guard. —s du corps; life-guards. Un corps de —; a guard-house. — à vous; attention, look out. Faire bonne —; to keep good watch. — d’enfants; nurse. Avoir en —; to have in one’s keeping. Donner en — à quelqu’un; to commit to any one’s keeping. Dieu vous ait en sa sainte —; God have you in his holy keeping! Se tenir en —; to be upon one’s guard. Il a toujours — à carreau; he is always guarded against, ready for every emergency. Fruit de —; fruit that will keep. Prenez — à cela; take care of that. Prenez — de tomber; take care not to fall. Prendre —; to mind. Il prend — à un sou; he looks at a penny. Ne prenez pas — à moi; do not mind me. Il m’offense sans y prendre —; he offends me without meaning it. Se donner de — de quelqu’un, de quelque chose; to be on one’s guard against any one, anything. S’en donner jusqu’à la —; to go the whole hog. Être hors de —; to be completely ignorant of an affair. N’avoir — de faire une chose; to be far from doing a thing; not to be fool enough to do a thing; to be unable to do a thing. Mon chien est de bonne —; mine is a good watch-dog. Il n’a — de tromper, il est trop honnête homme; he is too honest to think of cheating. Il n’a — de venir; he will take care to keep away. Je n’ai — d’y aller; I am not such a fool as to go there. Nous n’avons — d’en douter; far be it from us to doubt it. Être sur ses —s; se tenir sur ses —s; to be upon one’s guard. À la —! guard, guard! watch, watch!

garde, n.m., keeper, warden, warder; guard, attendant; watchman. — des sceaux; keeper of the seals. — des rôles; — des archives; master of the rolls. —-national; national guard. — du commerce; sheriff’s officer, bailiff. — de nuit; watchman. — du corps; life-guardsman. Les —s du corps; the life-guards.

garde-barrière, n.m.f., (—, or —s-—s) gate-keeper.

garde-bois, n.m., (—, or —s-—) wood-steward.

garde-boutique, n.m., (—, or —-—s) unsaleable goods, old shopkeeper.

garde-cendre, n.m., (—, or —-—s) fender.

garde-champêtre, n.m., (—s-—s) keeper.

garde-chasse, n.m., (—, or —s-—s) game-keeper.

garde-chevron, n.m., (—-—s) barge-board, verge-board.

garde-chiourme, n.m., (—, or —s-—) overseer of convict-gangs; warder.

garde-corps, n.m., (—) rail, hand-rail; (nav.) life-line; swifter (of capstans).

garde-côte, n.m., (—s-—s) cruiser, guard-ship. —; coast-guard.

garde-crotte, n.m., (—) splash-board.

garde-éclusier, n.m., lock-keeper.

garde-essieu, n.m., axle-guard.

garde-étalon, n.m., (—, or —s-—s) stallion-keeper.

garde-feu, n.m., (—, or —-—x) fire-guard; fender; match-tub.

garde-forestier, n.m., (—s-—s) forester.

garde-fous, n.m., (—s-—) parapet (of bridges, quays); rail, hand-rail, railings; (nav.) lifeline; swifter (of capstans).

garde-frein, n.m., (—s-—s) brakesman.

garde-ligne, n.m., watchman.

garde-magasin, n.m., (—, or —s-—s) warehouse-keeper, warehouseman, store-keeper.

garde-malade, n.m.f., (—, or —s-—s) nurse, sick nurse, attendant.

garde-manche, n.m., (—-—s) half-sleeve.

garde-manger, n.m., (—) buttery, larder, pantry; safe.

garde-marteau, n.m., (—, or —s-—x) (forestry) hammer-keeper.

garde-meuble, n.m., (—, or —-—s) store-room, repository, lumber-room.

garde-nappe, n.m., (—, or —-—s) table-mat.

garde-national, n.m., (—s-nationaux) national guard, militiaman.

garde-nationale, n.f., (—s-—s) national guard, militia.

garde-note, n.m., (—s-—s) notary.

garde-pêche, n.m., (—, or —s-—s) river-keeper, water-bailiff.

garde-port, n.m., harbor-master.

garder, v.a., to keep, to preserve; to lay up, to lay by, to save; to tend, to take care of, to look after, to look to, to nurse; to guard, to protect, to defend; to observe; to keep down, to keep on (one’s stomach). Je garde cela pour moi; I keep that for myself. Gardez votre place; keep your place. — la chambre; to keep one’s room. — la maison; to take care of the house. — un secret; to keep a secret. En donner à —; to impose upon. Je la lui garde bonne; I have a rod in pickle for him. — les bestiaux; to tend cattle. — les enjeux; to keep the stakes. — le mulet; to dance attendance. Dieu m’en garde; God forbid, heaven preserve me from it! — la bienséance; to observe decency. — son ban; to complete one’s period of exile. — un malade; to nurse a sick person. — à vue; not to lose sight of. — sa dignité, son rang; to maintain, to uphold, one’s dignity, one’s rank. — sous clef; to keep locked up. — une médecine; to keep a dose of medicine down.

se garder, v.r., to keep; to keep down, to keep in; to beware; to take care not to; to abstain from, to refrain; to guard. Gardez-vous bien de faire cela; take care not to do that. Gardez-vous d’ennemis; beware of enemies. Gardez-vous en bien; do nothing of the kind. Ce fruit ne peut se — longtemps; this fruit cannot keep, cannot be kept, long. Il faut savoir se — à carreau; we must always be prepared for emergencies.

garde-robe, n.m., (—-—s) apron (to preserve).

garde-robe, n.f., (—-—s) wardrobe; water-closet, privy; (bot.) southern-wood.

garde-roues, n.m., paddle-box.

garde-temps, n.m., (—) time-piece, chronometer.

gardeu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., keeper; herd; swine-herd.

garde-vaisselle, n.m., (—, or —s-—) gentleman of the ewry, yeoman of the scullery.

garde-vente, n.m., (—, or —s-—) wood-merchant’s agent.

garde-vue, n.m., (—) screen, lamp-shade.

gardien, n.m., -ne, n.f. (-in, -è-n), guardian; keeper; door-keeper; trustee; warden (prison); (jur.) bailiff’s man, broker’s man; superior (of a Franciscan convent). — de la sainte barbe; (nav.) gunner’s mate. — de la fosse aux lions; boat-swain’s mate.

gardien, -ne, adj., tutelary, guardian.

gardon, n.m., (ich.) roach.

gare! int., make way; take care; look out; beware! — de là! clear the way there! — là! look out there! — de devant! make way before! — l’eau! — l’eau là-bas! take care below! — le fouet! — le bâton! beware of the rod! beware of the stick! Crier —! to give warning.

gare, n.f., wet-dock, basin; (railways) platform, terminus, station. — d’arrivée, — de départ; arrival, departure-platform. — d’évitement; (railways) siding, shunting line, loop line. Chef de —; (railways) station-master.

garenne (ga-ré-n), n.f., warren. — forcée, privée; inclosed warren.

garennier, n.m., warrener, warren-keeper.

garer, v.a., to secure, to moor, to fasten; (rail.) to shunt. — un bateau; to dock a boat.

se garer, v.r., to keep in shore (of boats); (rail.) to be shunted; to keep out of the way, to get out of the way of. Il faut se — d’un fou; we must get out of the way of a madman.

gargantua, n.m., (—s) a glutton.

gargariser, v.a., to gargle, to gargarize.

se gargariser, v.r., to gargle one’s throat.

gargarisme, n.m., gargle; gargling.

gargotage, n.m., ill-dressed victuals.

gargote, n.f., cheap eating-house; cook-shop, pot-house.

gargoter, v.n., to frequent pot-houses; to tipple; to cook wretchedly.

gargoti-er, n.m., -ère, n.f. (-tié, -ti-èr), low pot-house keeper; publican; bad cook.

*gargouille, n.f., gargoyle, water-spout; gutter-spout; (tech.) drain-pipe.

*gargouillement, n.m., rumbling, rattling (of water in the stomach).

gargouiller, v.n., to rattle, to rumble, to dabble, to paddle.

gargouillette, n.f., water-jug.

*gargouillis, n.m., gurgling (of water).

gargousse, n.f., cannon-cartridge. Papier à —; cartridge-paper.

gargoussier, n.m., (nav.) cartridge-box.

garigue, n.f., (l.u.) waste-land, waste.

garnement, n.m., good-for-nothing fellow, scapegrace, scamp, rascal.

garni, n.m., furnished lodgings. Loueur, loueuse en —; lodging-house keeper. Être en —, loger en —; to live in furnished apartments.

garni, -e, part., garnished; furnished, trimmed. Maçonnerie —e; masonry filled up (in the middle). Chambres —es; furnished rooms.

garnir, v.a., to furnish, to provide, to stock; to ornament, to trim, to garnish, to adorn; to line, to fill, to occupy, to mount; (nav.) to rig; to quilt; to serve; (fish.) to bait. — une maison; to furnish a house. — une boutique; to stock a shop. — une chemise; to trim a shirt. — une robe; to trim a gown; to line a gown.

se garnir, v.r., to furnish one’s self; to provide one’s self with; to stock one’s self; to fill, to be filled; to protect one’s self.

garnisaire, n.m., bailiff’s man.

garnison, n.f., garrison; (jur.) bailiff’s men. Troupes en —; garrisoned troops.

garnissage, n.m., trimming (of clothes); facing. Bois de —; facing-board.

garnisseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., trimmer.

garniture, n.f., furniture, trimming; garnish, garnishing; lining; ornaments, set; (nav.) rigging. La — d’une chemise; the trimming of a shirt. La — d’une épée; sword ornaments. Une — de diamants; a set of diamonds. — de cheminée; set of chimney ornaments. — de foyer; set of fire-irons. — de rideau; valance. — de toilette; toilet-set.

garou, n.m., (bot.) spurge-flax. V. loup-garou.

garrot, n.m., (vet.) withers; bending lever; (surg.) tourniquet; packing-stick. Cheval blessé sur le —; (vet.) horse wither-wrung; (fig.) injured in one’s reputation.

garrotte, n.f., garrote, strangulation.

garrotter, v.a., to bind, to tie down; to pinion; to handcuff; to garrote or strangle (in Spain).

garrulité, n.f., (l.u.) garrulity, loquacity.

gars, n.m., lad, stripling, younker fellow.

garus, n.m., Garus (elixir).

gas, n.m. V. gars.

gascon, -ne, adj., Gascon.

gascon, n.m., -ne, n.f., Gascon; boaster, braggart.

gascon, n.m., Gascon language.

gasconisme, n.m., Gasconism.

gasconnade, n.f., gasconade, boast, brag.

gasconner, v.n., to speak Gascon, to speak with a Gascon accent; to gasconade, to brag.

*gaspillage, n.m., disorder; waste, wasting, squandering.

*gaspiller, v.a., to confuse, to throw into disorder; to waste, to lavish, to squander, to consume, to fritter away. — son temps; to waste one’s time. — son argent; to squander, to fritter away one’s money.

*gaspilleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., waster, squanderer, spendthrift.

gaster (-tèr), n.m., (med.) stomach.

gastéropodes, n.m.pl., (zoöl.) gasteropods.

gastralgie, n.f., (med.) gastralgia.

gastriloque, n.m., (l.u.). V. ventriloque.

gastrique, adj., gastric, of the stomach.

gastrite, n.f., gastritis.

gastro, a prefix from Gr., gastro.

gastrologie, n.f., gastrology.

gastronome, n.m., gastronomist.

gastronomie, n.f., gastronomy.

gastronomique, adj., gastronomic.

gastroraphie, n.f., (surg.) gastroraphy.

gastrotomie, n.f., (surg.) gastrotomy.

gât, n.m., (nav.) landing; steps, stairs.

gatan, n.m., razor-fish.

gâté, -e, adj., part., spoiled, damaged, tainted. Viande —e; tainted meat. Enfant —; spoiled child.

gâteau, n.m., cake; honey-comb; (surg.) pledget. — des rois; Twelfth-night cake. — de miel; honey-comb. Avoir part au —; to share in the booty, to have a finger in the pie. Partager le —; to go halves.

gâte-enfants, n.m.f., (—) spoiler of children.

gâte-maison, n.m.f., too good a servant.

gâte-métier, n.m.f., (—, or —-—s) person who spoils a trade; underseller.

gâte-papier, n.m.f., (—) scribbler, paltry writer.

gâte-pâte, n.m.f., (—) bad pastry-cook, bad baker; (fig.) bungler, botcher.

gâter, v.a., to spoil, to damage, to hurt, to injure, to impair, to mar; to taint, to corrupt, to deprave, to make worse. La grêle a gâté les vignes; the hail has damaged the vines. Le soleil gâte la viande; the sun taints meat. — du papier; to waste or blot paper, to scribble.

se gâter, v.r., to taint, to spoil; to be spoiled, to become corrupt; to break up (of weather). Ce vin commence à se —; that wine is beginning to spoil. Le temps se gâte; the weather is breaking up.

gâterie (gâ-trî), n.f., excessive humoring; foolish indulgence.

gâte-sauce, n.m., (—, or —-—s) scullion; (b.s.) bad cook.

gâte-tout, n.m.f., (—) spoil-all, mar-all.

gâteu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., spoiler, waster.

gâteuse, n.f., ulster.

gâteu-x, n.m., -se, n.f., idiot (one who has lost control over the excretory organs).

gatte, n.f., (nav.) manger.

gattilier, n.m., (bot.) chaste-tree, vitex.

gauche (gôsh), adj., left; crooked; clumsy, awkward. Le côté —; the left side. La main —; the left hand. Un air —; an awkward air. Des manières —s; clumsy manners.

gauche, n.f., left-hand; left-hand side; left side; (milit.) left wing, left flank, left wheel. A —; on the left, to the left. Tournez à —; turn to the left. Donner à —; to be in the wrong box.

gauchement (gôsh-mān), adv., awkwardly, uncouthly, clumsily.

gauch-er, -ère, n. and adj., left-handed person; left-handed.

gaucherie (gô-shrî), n.f., awkwardness, clumsiness; clumsy action; blunder.

gauchir, v.n., to turn aside, to step aside, to flinch; to become warped; (fig.) to dodge, to prevaricate.

gauchir, v.a., to warp; to pervert.

se gauchir, v.r., to warp.

gauchissement, n.m., (carp.) warping.

gaudage, n.m., dyeing with weld.

gaude, n.f., (bot.) dyer’s-weed; weld. pl., hasty-pudding; hominy.

se gaudir, v.r., to rejoice; to make merry, to make fun or game of.

gaudissard, n.m., bagman; wag.

gaudisserie, n.f., waggishness; broad humor; joke, jest.

gaudriole, n.f., broad joke, coarse joke.

☉gaudron, n.m. V. godron.

gaudronné, -e, adj., (bot.) repand.

gaufrage, n.m., goffering.

gaufre, n.f., honey-comb; waffle (thin cake); victim; dupe.

gaufrer, v.a., to goffer, to crimp, to emboss, to plait, to flute. Fer à —; goffering iron.

gaufreu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., gofferer.

gaufrier, n.m., waffle-iron, goffer-iron.

gaufrure, n.f., goffering.

gaule, n.f., pole; switch, rod, staff.

gauler, v.a., to beat trees with a long pole, to knock down (fruit).

gaulette, n.f., small switch, small pole.

gaulis, n.m., small wood, chip-wood; copse, coppice.

gaulois, -e, adj., Gaulish, Gallic; (fig.) old-fashioned.

gaulois, n.m., -e, n.f., Gaul; plain talker.

gaulois, n.m., Gallic language. C’est du —; (fig.) it is an old-fashioned expression.

gaupe, n.f., slut, trollop.

se gausser, v.r., (pop.) to banter, to jeer, to make game of. Il se gausse de tout le monde; he makes game of everybody. V. gosser.

gausserie (gô-srî), n.f., bantering, banter.

gausseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., banterer.

gausseu-r, -se, adj., bantering, mocking.

gavauche, n.m., (nav.) disorder, confusion.

gave, n.m., torrent, mountain stream (in the Pyrenees).

gaver, v.a., (pop.) to cram, to gorge (with food). Se —, v.r., to cram one’s self with food, to gorge.

gavion or gaviot, n.m., (pop.) throat.

gavotte, n.f., gavotte (kind of dance).

gayac, n.m. V. gaïac.

gaz (gâz), n.m., gas, gas-light, gas-lighting; (med.) flatus, wind. — étouffant; choke-damp. Eclairage au —; lighting with gas. Un conduit de —; a gas-pipe. Bec de —; gas-burner. Jet de —; jet of gas. Usine à —; gas-works. Fermer le bec de —; to turn off the gas. Ouvrir le bec de —; to turn on the gas. Réservoir de —; gas-holder. Au —; by gas-light. Lustre à —; gasalier. Compteur à —; gas-meter.

gaze, n.f., gauze, vail, gloss.

gazé, -e, adj., vailed, softened, toned down. n.m., hawthorn-butterfly.

gazéifier, v.a., (chem.) to gasify.

se gazéifier, v.r., to gasify.

gazéiforme, adj., (chem.) gasiform.

gazelle, n.f., gazelle.

gazer, v.a., to cover with gauze; to gloss over, to tone down.

gazette, n.f., gazette; newspaper; (fig.) newsmonger, blab.

gazeu-x, -se, adj., (chem.) gaseous; aerated. Limonade —se; effervescing lemonade.

gazier, n.m.f., gauze-maker. m., gas-fitter.

gazomètre, n.m., gasometer.

gazométrie, n.f., gasometry.

gazon, n.m., grass; turf; sward, grass-plot; lawn; (fort.) gazon. Parterre de —; grass-plot. Abonder en —; to abound in grass.

gazonnant, adj., (gard.) producing grass.

gazonnement or gazonnage (ga-zo-n-mān), n.m., turfing.

gazonner, v.a., to cover with turf, to turf.

*gazouillement, n.m., chirping, warbling (of birds); purling, bubbling (of a brook); prattle.

*gazouiller, v.n., to chirp, to warble; to prattle; to twitter; to lisp; to murmur. Cet enfant commence à —; that child begins to prattle.

gazouillis, n.m., warbling, twitter.

geai (jè), n.m., (orni.) jay.

géant, n.m., -e, n.f., giant, giantess. Aller à pas de —; to stride like a giant.

géant, -e, adj., gigantic.

gecko, n.m., (zoöl.) gecko.

géhenne (-è-n), n.f., gehenna, hell.

geindre (geignant, geint), v.n., to whine, to moan; to complain.

gélatine, n.f., gelatine.

gélatineu-x, -se, adj., gelatinous.

gélatinifier, v.a., to gelatinate.

se gélatinifier, v.r., to gelatinate.

gelé, -e, part., frozen, frost-bitten. Il a le bec —; he is tongue-tied. Je suis —; I am quite frozen. La rivière a —; the river is frozen. Les doigts lui ont —; his fingers were frozen.

gelée, n.f., frost; (cook.) jelly. — blanche; white frost, hoar-frost. — de groseille; currant jelly.

geler, v.a., to freeze.

se geler, v.r., to freeze.

geler, v.n., to freeze. Il gèle; it freezes. Il gèle à pierre fendre; it is freezing very hard.

géli-f, -ve, adj., split, cracked by frost.

☉geline, n.f., hen, fat hen.

gelinotte, n.f., young fat pullet, barn-door fowl. — des bois; hazel-hen.

gélivure, n.f., crack (caused by frost).

gémeaux, n.m.pl., (astron.) Gemini, the Twins; (agri.) meadows mowed twice a year.

géminé, -e, adj., (bot.) geminate, double; (jur.) reiterated.

gémir, v.n., to groan, to moan, to sigh; to lament, to bewail; to grieve; to repine. — de douleur; to groan with pain. — sous le joug; to groan under the yoke. Je gémis de votre erreur; I bewail your error. Faire — la presse; to print away; to keep the press going.

gémissant, -e, adj., moaning, lamenting.

gémissement (gé-mis-mān), n.m., groan, moan, wail; complaint, lamentation; groaning, moaning, bewailing. Pousser un —; to utter a groan.

gemmation (jèm-ma-), n.f., gemmation; budding.

gemmé, -e, adj., of gems. Des pierres —s; gems. Sel —; rock-salt.

gemme, n.f., (bot.) gem; leaf-bud; (min.) gem.

gemmer, v.n., to bud, to germinate.

gemmer, v.a., to tap a tree (for resin).

gemmiforme, adj., (bot.) bud-shaped.

gemmipare (jèm-mi-), adj., gemmiparous.

gémonies, n.f.pl., (antiq.) gemoniæ. (fig.) pillory, gibbet.

génal, adj., (anat.) of the cheeks.

gênant, -e, adj., troublesome, embarrassing, uneasy, difficult; incommodious, awkward; inconvenient.

gencive, n.f., gum (of the teeth).

gendarme, n.m., (armed) policeman; ☉man-at-arms; constable; gendarme; virago (woman); (b.s.) thief-taker; flaw (in a diamond). pl., sparks. C’est un vrai —; she is a regular termagant.

☉gendarmer, v.a., to dragoon.

se gendarmer, v.r., to resist, to struggle; to fly into a passion; to get into a rage.

gendarmerie, n.f., gendarmerie (armed) police; constabulary (French horse and foot police).

gendarmeu-x, -se, adj., flawy, spotty.

gendre, n.m., son-in-law.

gêne, n.f., ☉rack, torture; constraint, difficulty, uneasiness; inconvenience, annoyance, difficulty, trouble; torment; narrow circumstances; embarrassment, pecuniary difficulty, straits, penury. Être à la —; to be uneasy, uncomfortable. Sans —; unconstrained, unrestrained, free, familiar, offhand; at home. Mettre à la —; to put any one to trouble. Se mettre l’esprit à la —; to rack one’s brains. Être sans —; to be free and easy. Se donner de la — pour quelque chose; to make one’s self uneasy about anything. Connaître la —; to know what want is. Où il y a de la — il n’y a pas de plaisir; there’s nothing like making one’s self at home.

gêné, -e, part., constrained, uneasy; short of cash. Air —; constrained air. N’être pas —; to be too free, too familiar. Il est plus gênant que —; he doesn’t mind being unpleasant to others.

généalogie, n.f., genealogy; pedigree.

généalogique, adj., genealogical.

généalogiste, n.m., genealogist.

génépi or génipi, n.m., (bot.) artemisia; Alpine wormwood.

gêner, v.a., to impede, to obstruct; to thwart; to trouble, to inconvenience, to incommode, to be in the way of any one; to put restraint upon; to disturb, to embarrass, to annoy; to cramp, to pinch, to hurt. Ce soulier me gêne; this shoe pinches me. La présence de cet homme me gênait; the presence of that man annoyed me. Il me gêne dans mes projets; he thwarts me in my plans. Est ce que je vous gêne? am I in your way?

se gêner, v.r., to constrain one’s self, to put one’s self out of the way, to put one’s self to inconvenience. On ne doit pas se — entre amis; there is no need of ceremony among friends. Ne pas se —; not to hesitate, not to mince matters. Ne vous gênez pas; don’t stand upon ceremony; make yourself quite at home.

général, n.m., (log., milit.) general. — de brigade; brigadier-general. — de division; lieutenant-general; major-general. En —; in general, generally.

général, -e, adj., general.

généralat, n.m., generalship.

générale, n.f., (milit.) fire-drum, general.

généralement (-ral-mān), adv., generally, in general.

généralisat-eur, -rice, adj., generalizing.

généralisation, n.f., generalization.

généraliser, v.a., to generalize.

généralissime, n.m., generalissimo, commander-in-chief.

généralité, n.f., generality.

générat-eur, -rice, adj., generating, generative, genial.

générat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., generator.

générati-f, -ve, adj., generative.

génération, n.f., generation, descent, production; genesis. De — en —; from generation to generation.

généreusement (-reûz-mān), adv., generously, bountifully, munificently; stoutly, bravely.

généreu-x, -se, adj., generous, noble; liberal, benevolent, bountiful; courageous.

générique, adj., generic.

générosité, n.f., generosity, liberality, benevolence.

genèse, n.f., Genesis.

genestrolle, n.f., (bot.) dyer’s-broom, greenweed.

genêt, n.m., (bot.) broom. — épineux. V. ajonc.

genet, n.m., jennet; Spanish horse.

généthliaque, n.m., genethliac, birthday poem.

généthliaque, adj., genethliacal.

genétière, n.f., broom-field.

genêtrelle, n.f., greenweed.

genette, n.f., (mam.) genet, ring-curb-bit, civet; (bot.) genista.

à la genette, adv., with short stirrups.

génevois, -e, n. and adj., Genevese.

genévrette, n.f., juniper wine.

genévrier, n.m., juniper-tree.

géniculé, -e, adj., (bot.) geniculated.

génie, n.m., genius; spirit; nature; bent, talent; (milit.) engineers. Suivre son —; to follow the bent of one’s genius. Le — d’une langue; the genius of a language. Le corps du —; (milit.) the engineers. Soldat du —; sapper and miner. Garde du —; barrack-master.

genièvre, n.m., juniper-berry; juniper-tree; gin.

génisse, n.f., heifer.

génital, -e, adj., genital.

géniteur, n.m., (b.s.) generator.

génitif, n.m., (gram.) genitive. Au —; in the genitive case.

☉géniture, n.f., (jest.) offspring.

génois, -e, n. and adj., Genoese.

genope, n.f., (nav.) seizing, lashing, belaying.

genoper, v.a., (nav.) to seize, to lash, to belay.

genou, n.m., knee; (nav.) lower futtock; (mec.) bail and socket. pl., lap. Être à —x; to be on one’s knees. Se mettre à —x; to kneel. Tenir un enfant sur ses —x; to hold a child on one’s lap. Fléchir le —; to bend the knee. Tomber aux —x de quelqu’un; to fall at any one’s feet. — de la rame; arm of an oar.

*genouillère, n.f., knee-piece (of armor); top (of a boot); knee-cap; pulley-piece.

génovéfain, n.m., canon of St. Geneviève.

genre, n.m., genus; species; kind, sort; fashion, taste; style, manner; course, line; airs, affectation, mannerism, attitudinizing; gender; (paint.) genre. Le — humain; mankind. Un — de vie; a course of life. Il a un — qui lui est propre; he has a style peculiar to himself. Le — tragique; tragedy. Le — comique; comedy. De bon —; gentlemanly, ladylike. De mauvais —; ungentlemanly, unladylike.

gens (jān), n.m., people, persons, folk, men, hands; domestics, servants, attendants. Ce sont des — fort dangereux, de fort dangereuses —; they are very dangerous people. Des — fins, de fines —; cunning folk. Tous les — de bien; all honest people. Tous les habiles —; all clever people. Toutes les vieilles —; all old people. Les petites —; humble people. — de lettres; men of letters. — de guerre; soldiers. — d’église; churchmen. — d’affaires; men of business. Le droit des —; the law of nations. Il y a — et —; there are people of all sorts. Les vieilles — sont prudents; old people are prudent. À — de village trompette de bois; rough tools for rough work. [Gens requires all adjectives that follow it to be in the masculine, and all those that precede it to be in the feminine. The masculine, however, is used before gens, when the word tous alone precedes it, or when tous is accompanied by an adjective having the same termination for both genders. When gens more particularly refers to men, as in the expressions, gens de lettres, gens de loi, etc., the adjectives that precede gens are also put in the masculine.]

gent, n.f., (jest.) nation, people, race, tribe. La — marécageuse; the marshy tribe.

gentiane, n.f., (bot.) gentian.

gentianelle, n.f., (bot.) gentianella.

gentil (-ti), n. and adj. m., Gentile.

gentil, -le, adj., pretty, nice, amiable; graceful, pleasing; (iron.) ridiculous, pretty, fine. Un — métier! a fine occupation, indeed! Un — enfant; a pretty, amiable child.

gentil, n.m., -le, n.f., pretty person. Faire le —; to affect graceful manners.

*gentilhomme (-ti-iom), n.m., (gentilshommes) (-ti-zom), nobleman, gentleman. — à lièvre; poor country squire.

*gentilhommerie (-ti-io-mrî), n.f., nobility, gentry, gentility.

*gentilhommière (-ti-io-mièr), n.f., small country-seat.

gentilité, n.f., or gentilisme, n.m., Gentile nations; heathenism.

*gentillâtre, n.m., lordling; squireen.

*gentillesse, n.f., prettiness, gracefulness; pretty thing, pretty thought; (b.s.) pretty trick; fine trick. Voilà de vos —s; these are some of your fine tricks.

gentillet, -te, adj., rather nice; rather pretty.

gentiment, adv., prettily, gracefully; (iron.) nicely, like a good boy or girl.

génuflexion, n.f., genuflexion, kneeling.

géocentrique, adj., (astron.) geocentric.

géodésie, n.f., geodesy.

géodésique, adj., geodesical.

géognosie, n.f., geognosy.

géognostique, adj., geognostic.

géogonie, n.f., geogony.

géogonique, adj., geogonic.

géographe, n.m., geographer. Ingénieur-—; (—s-—s) geographical engineer.

géographie, n.f., geography. Cartes de —; (geographical) maps.

géographique, adj., geographical.

géographiquement, adv., geographically.

geôlage (jô-), n.m., gaol fee.

geôle (jôl), n.f., gaol, jail, prison.

geôlier (jô-lié), n.m., gaoler, jailer.

geôlière, n.f., gaoler’s wife.

géologie, n.f., geology.

géologique, adj., geological.

géologue (-log), n.m., geologist.

géomance or géomancie, n.f., geomancy.

géomancien (-ci-in), n.m., geomancer.

géométral, -e, adj., geometrical. Plan —; ground-plan.

géométralement (-tral-mān), adv., geometrically.

géomètre, n.m., geometrician, geometer.

géométrie, n.f., geometry.

géométrique, adj., geometrical.

géométriquement (-trik-mān), adv., geometrically.

géoponique, adj., geoponic.

géorama, n.m., georama.

géorgien, -ne, n. and adj., Georgian.

géorgique, adj., Georgic.

géorgiques, n.f.pl., Vergil’s Georgics.

géoscopie, n.f., geoscopy.

gérance, n.f., management; managership; editorship.

géranium (-om), n.m., (bot.) geranium.

gérant, n.m., manager, conductor; (com.) principal; responsible editor. — à bord; (nav.) ship’s husband.

gerbe, n.f., sheaf; bundle, lot.

gerbée, n.f., bundle of straw (unthrashed).

gerber, v.a., to make up, to bind into sheaves. — des tonneaux; to pile casks upon each other.

gerbier, n.m., corn-stack.

gerbière, n.f., harvest-wagon.

gerbillon, n.m., small sheaf.

gerboise, n.f., (mam.) jumping mouse.

gerce, n.f., (ent.) (pop.) tinea, clothes-moth; chap, crack.

gercer, v.a., to chap; to crack. Le froid gerce les lèvres; cold weather chaps the lips.

se gercer, v.r., to chap, to crack.

gercer, v.n., to chap, to crack.

gerçure, n.f., chap; crack; chink, cleft.

gérer, v.a., to manage, to administer, to conduct.

gerfaut, n.m., (orni.) gerfalcon.

germain, -e, adj., german, first. Cousin —, cousine —e; cousin-german, first-cousin. Issu de —; second-cousin. Il a le — sur moi; he is cousin-german to my father, to my mother.

germain, n.m., -e, n.f., (jur.) brother, sister (of the whole blood).

germain, -e, n. and adj., German (native of ancient Germany).

germandrée, n.f., (bot.) germander.

germanique, adj., Germanic.

germanisme, n.m., germanism.

germe, n.m., germ; bud; seed; sprout, shoot; (bot.) ovarium. Pousser des —s; to sprout.

germer, v.n., to shoot, to spring up, to sprout, to bud. Le blé commence à —; the corn is beginning to spring up.

germinal, -e, adj., germinal.

germinal, n.m., Germinal, the seventh month of the calendar of the first French republic, from March 21st to April 19th.

germinati-f, -ve, adj., germinal.

germination, n.f., (bot.) germination.

germoir, n.m., malt-house.

géroflier, n.m., clove-tree.

gérondif, n.m., (gram.) gerund.

géronte, n.m., (—s) silly old man, old dotard.

gerzeau, n.m., (bot.) (pop.) fennel-flower.

gésier, n.m., gizzard; pannel (of a hawk).

☉gésir, v.n., to lie. Ci-gît; here lies. C’est là que gît le lièvre; there’s the rub; that’s the main point.

gesse, n.f., (bot.) vetch.

gestation, n.f., gestation.

gestatoire, adj., gestatory. Chaise —; Pope’s sedan chair.

geste, n.m., gesture; action; movement, sign. Faire des —s; to gesticulate.

geste, n.f., (old French literature). Chanson de —; heroic poem.

☉gestes, n.m.pl., great deeds, heroic achievements, exploits.

gesticulat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., gesticulator.

gesticulation, n.f., gesticulation.

gesticuler, v.n., to gesticulate.

gestion, n.f., management, administration, conduct.

geyser, n.m., (—s) geyser.

giaour, n.m., (—s) giaour.

gibbeu-x, -se, adj., gibbous, convex.

gibbon, n.m., (mam.) gibbon, ape.

gibbosité, n.f., gibbosity, gibbousness, hunch.

gibecière (ji-bsièr), n.f., game-bag; pouch, bag, poke; juggler’s pocket. Tours de —; leger-de-main, or sleight of hand tricks.

gibelet, n.m., gimlet, borer. Il a un coup de —; he is cracked.

gibelin, n.m., (Italian hist.) Ghibelline.

gibelotte, n.f., (cook.) rabbit-stew.

giberne, n.f., cartridge-box.

gibet, n.m., gibbet, gallows.

gibier, n.m., game. — à plume; feathered game. Gros —; forest game. Menu —; small game. — dérobé; poached game. — de galère, — de potence, — de grève; Newgate-bird, jail-bird, gallows-bird, gallows-swinger. Pièce de —; head of game. Ce n’est pas là votre —; that is no affair of yours. Ce n’est pas de son —; that is not his fancy; that is beyond his capacity.

giboulée, n.f., shower, hail-shower. — de mars; April shower.

giboyer, v.n., to go out shooting; to hunt, to shoot; to poach.

giboyeur, n.m., fowler, sportsman; dealer in game.

giboyeu-x, -se, adj., full of game.

gibus, n.m., crush-hat; opera-hat, top-hat.

gifle, n.f., slap in the face; box on the ear.

gifler, v.a., to slap in the face; to box the ears of.

gigantesque, adj., gigantic, colossal.

gigogne, n.f. Mère —; woman with many children. La mère —; the old woman who lived “in a shoe.”

gigot, n.m., leg of mutton. pl., (man.) hind legs of a horse; legs, shanks (of persons). Étendre ses —s; to stretch one’s legs. Des manches à —; leg of mutton sleeves.

gigotté, -e, adj., strong-limbed.

gigotter, v.n., to kick about; (fig.) to fidget, to dance, to cut capers.

gigue (jig), n.f., shank; jig.

gilet, n.m., waistcoat, vest. — de flanelle; flannel waistcoat. — d’armes; fencing-jacket. — de force; strait-jacket. — de sauvetage; life-jacket. Donner un — à; (fencing) to beat outright.

gileti-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., waistcoat maker.

gille, n.m., clown, ninny, simpleton; large fishing-net. Faire —; to run away, to become bankrupt.

gimblette, n.f., ring-biscuit, jam-roll.

gingas, n.m., ticking, tick.

gingembre, n.m., (bot.) ginger.

gingeolier, n.m., (bot.) lote, jujube-tree.

ginglyme, n.m., hinge, joint; (anat.) hinge-joint.

ginguet, -te (-ghè, -ghèt), adj., weak, sorry, worthless, short, scanty. Habit —; scanty coat. Esprit, style —; frivolous mind, frivolous style.

ginguet, n.m., weak or thin wine, bad wine.

ginseng, n.m., (pharm.) ginseng.

gipsy, n.m.f., (gipsies) gipsy.

girafe, n.f., (mam.) giraffe, camelopard.

girande, n.f., girande (cluster of water-jets); bouquet (fireworks).

girandole, n.f., girandole, branched candle-stick; (of gems) sprig; (fireworks) girandole; (bot.) whorl.

girasol, n.m., (min.) girasol.

giration, n.f., gyration.

giratoire, adj., gyral, gyratory.

giraumon or giraumont, n.m., (bot.) pumpkin.

girofle, n.m., (bot.) clove. Un clou de —; a clove. Griffe de —; clove-stalk.

giroflée, n.f., gilliflower, stock. — jaune; wallflower. Une — à cinq feuilles; (pop.) slap in the face.

giroflée, adj., of clove. Cannelle —; (com.) clove-bark.

giroflier, n.m., (bot.) clove-tree.

girolle, n.f., edible agaric.

giron, n.m., lap; (arch.) tread (of a step); (her.) gyron. Le — de l’église; the bosom, pale, of the Church.

gironde, n.f., (French hist.) Girondist party.

girondin, n.m., (French hist.) Girondist.

gironné, adj., rounded; (her.) gyronny.

girouette, n.f., weathercock, vane. — à fumée; smoke-disperser. Fer de —; spindle of a vane. C’est une —; he is a mere weathercock, a mere time-server.

gisant, -e, adj., lying (ill, dead); stretched. Meule —e; bed, nether millstone.

gisement (jiz-mān), n.m., (nav.) bearing; (min.) layer, bed. —s houillers; coal-measures.

gisent, third person pl. present indicative of old verb gésir; lie, are lying.

gît, third person sing. present indicative of old verb gésir; lies (sick, dead). Son cadavre — sur la terre; his body lies on the ground. Ci —; here lies.

gitan-o, n.m., -a, n.f., (—s) Spanish gipsy.

gîte, n.m., home, lodging-place, refuge, shelter; lodging, resting-place, quarters; nether millstone; form, seat (of hares); (mining) layer, stratum, bed, deposit. Un lièvre va toujours mourir au —; a person likes to come home to die. Dernier —; long home; (of beef) round. — à la noix; silver-side.

gîter, v.a., to lodge, to house, to put up, to shelter.

se gîter, v.r., to lodge, to sleep; to shelter one’s self, to take up one’s abode.

givre, n.m., hoar-frost, rime.

givre, n.f., (her.) serpent; wyvern.

givré, -e, adj., rimy, white with frost.

glabre, adj., (bot.) glabrous, smooth, without down.

glaçage, n.m., (tech.) frosting, glazing.

glaçant, -e, adj., freezing; icy, chilling.

glace, n.f., ice; glass, plate-glass; looking-glass; (carriage) window; flaw (in a diamond); frost-work. Banc de —; field of ice. Clarté de la —; ice-blink. Montagne de —; iceberg. Froid comme —; as cold as ice. Mettre du vin à la — or frapper de —; to ice wine. Champagne frappé de —; iced champagne. Boire à la —; to drink iced water. Rompre la —; to break the ice. Prendre une —; to take an ice. Baisser les —s; to lower the windows (of a carriage).

glacé, -e, part., frozen, frosted, iced; freezing, nipping, biting, icy; chilling, cold, icy-cold, clay-cold; (of stuffs) shot, shot-colored.

glacée, n.f., (bot.) ice-plant. V. glaciale.

glacer, v.a., to freeze, to ice; to freeze up, to congeal, to chill; to strike, to overpower, to paralyze; to glaze; to frost; to hide the seams (of a garment). Ce récit nous glaça d’horreur; this story struck us dumb with horror. — des confitures; to ice sweetmeats. — de la viande; to glaze meat. — une doublure; to stitch down a lining. — la soie; (dy.) to alum silk.

se glacer, v.r., to freeze, to chill; to become weak, to grow feeble.

glacer, v.n., to freeze.

glacerie, n.f., ice-making; ice manufactory; looking-glass manufactory; coffee-house.

glaceu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., glazer.

glaceu-x, -se, adj., having flaws, flawy (of gems).

glaciaire, adj., (geol.) of glaciers, glacial. Période —; ice period.

glacial, -e, adj., frozen, glacial, icy, frigid. Air —; nipping air. Vent —; biting wind. Mine —e; frigid countenance. Mer —e, océan —; (geog.) Frozen Sea, Arctic Ocean.

glaciale, n.f., (bot.) ice-plant.

glacier, n.m., glacier; field of ice; coffee-house keeper; dealer in ice; confectioner.

glacière, n.f., ice-house; freezing-machine; field of ice.

glacis, n.m., (paint.) glazing; (fort.) glacis; (arch.) slope, sloping bank, weathering; (needlework) serging.

glaçon, n.m., icicle, piece of ice, floe. Petit —; icicle.

glaçure, n.f., glazing.

gladiateur, n.m., gladiator.

glaïeul, n.m., (bot.) gladiole, sword-grass, corn-flag, iris. — puant; spurgewort, stinking gladwin. — des marais; gladwin iris.

glaire, n.f., glair, white of egg.

glairer, v.a., to glair.

glaireu-x, -se, adj., glairy.

glaise, n.f., clay; potter’s earth.

glaise, adj., loamy, clayey. Terre —; loam, clay.

glaiser, v.a., to loam, to marl. — des terres; to marl land.

glaiseu-x, -se, adj., clayey, marly, loamy.

glaisière, n.f., marl-pit, clay-pit.

glaive, n.m., sword; blade, steel. Puissance du —; power of the sword; power of life and death.

glanage, n.m., gleaning.

gland, n.m., acorn; tassel; (anat.) glans. — de mer; (conch.) acorn-barnacle, acorn-shell. — de terre; (bot.) earth-nut.

glande, n.f., (anat.) gland; kernel. Endurcissement des —s; scirrhosity. — lymphatique; lymphatic gland.

glandé, -e, adj., (vet.) glandered; (her.) acorned.

glandée, n.f., pannage (duty); crop of acorns.

glandulaire, adj. V. glanduleux.

glandule, n.f., (anat.) glandule.

glanduleu-x, -se, adj., glandulous, glandular.

glandulifère, adj., (anat.) glanduliferous.

glane, n.f., gleaning. Faire —; to glean. — d’oignons; rope of onions. — de poires; bunch of pears; (of straw) wisp.

glaner, v.a. and n., to glean.

glaneu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., gleaner.

glanure, n.f., gleanings.

glapir, v.n., to yelp (of puppies and foxes); to screech, to scream, to squeak (of persons).

glapissant, -e, adj., (of puppies and foxes) yelping; shrill; screeching, screaming, squeaking.

glapissement (-pis-mān), n.m., yelping; screeching, scream, squeaking.

glas, n.m., knell; passing-bell, tolling. — funèbre; funeral-knell, death-bell. Sonner le —; to ring the knell, to toll the knell.

glaucome, n.m., (med.) glaucoma.

glauque, adj., glaucous.

glèbe, n.f., glebe, ground, land, earth, soil. Être attaché à la —; to be bound to the soil.

gléchome (-kom), n.m., ground-ivy.

glène, n.f., (anat.) glene, socket; (nav.) coil; (fish.) basket.

gléner, v.a., (nav.) to coil.

glénoïdal, -e, adj., (anat.) glenoid. Cavité —e de l’omoplate; glenoid cavity of the scapula.

glénoïde, adj., (anat.) glenoid.

glénoïdien, -ne (-in, -è-n), adj., (anat.) glenoid.

glette, n.f., (metal.) litharge; dross.

glissade, n.f., sliding, slide; slipping; slip; (dancing) glissade. Faire une —; to have a slide; to make a slip.

glissant, -e, adj., slippery; (fig.) ticklish, delicate, tender. Il fait —; it is slippery walking. Pas —; dangerous step, ticklish affair. Terrain —; slippery, tender ground.

glissé, n.m., (dancing) glisse; slide.

glissement (glis-mān), n.m., slipping; sliding; gliding.

glisser, v.n., to slip, to slip over; to slide; to glance over; to slur over; to make little or no impression; to glance; to pass (over). L’échelle glissa; the ladder slipped. — sur la glace; to slide. Cela m’a glissé des mains; that slipped through my fingers. Glissons là-dessus; let us pass over that.

glisser, v.a., to slip, to slip in; to slide, to slide in; to insinuate, to introduce. Il glissa sa main dans ma poche; he slipped his hand into my pocket.

se glisser, v.r., to slip, to slide, to creep in, to steal in; to insinuate one’s self.

glisseur, n.m., slider.

glissoire, n.f., slide.

globe, n.m., globe, sphere, orb, glass-shade. — de feu; fire-ball.

globeu-x, -se, adj., round.

in globo. V. in globo.

globulaire, n.f., globularia, globe-daisy.

globulaire, adj., globular.

globule, n.m., globule.

globuleu-x, -se, adj., globulous, globular, globous.

gloire, n.f., glory, fame, honor; glorification, halo; vanity, pride; boast, boasting. Être la — de; to be the glory of. Se faire une — de quelque chose; to glory in anything; to pride one’s self upon. Mettre sa — à; to glory in.

gloria, n.m., (—) coffee (with brandy in it).

gloriette, n.f., pavillon, summer-house.

glorieusement (-eûz-mān), adv., gloriously, honorably.

glorieu-x, -se, adj., glorious, honorable; (rel.) glorified, blessed; vainglorious, conceited, self-conceited; proud.

glorieu-x, n.m., -se, n.f., braggart, boaster; vainglorious person. Faire le —; to be a braggart.

glorification, n.f., glorification.

glorifier, v.a., to glorify, to give glory to; to honor.

se glorifier, v.r., to glory in, to boast.

gloriole, n.f., vainglory, vanity. C’est la — qui les tient; they are eaten up with vanity.

glose (glôz), n.f., gloss; glozing; comment; carping; criticism; parody.

gloser, v.a., to gloss; to gloze, to criticise, to carp at, to find fault with.

gloser, v.n., to carp at, to find fault with.

gloseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., carper; fault-finder.

glossaire, n.m., glossary, vocabulary.

glossateur, n.m., glossarist.

glossite, n.f., (med.) glossitis.

glossographe, n.m., glossographer.

glossographie, n.f., glossography.

glossologie, n.f., glossology.

glossopètre, n.m., (geol.) glossopetra.

glotte, n.f., (anat.) glottis.

glouglou, n.m., gurgling, gurgle; (of turkeys) gobble.

glouglouter, v.n., to gurgle; (of a turkey) to gobble.

gloume, n.m., V. glume.

gloussement (glous-mān), n.m., clucking; cluck, chuckle.

glousser, v.n., to cluck; to chuckle.

glouteron (glou-tron), n.m., (bot.) burdock.

glouton, -ne, adj., gluttonous, greedy.

glouton, n.m., -ne, n.f., glutton.

gloutonnement (-to-n-mān), adv., gluttonously, greedily, ravenously.

gloutonnerie (-to-n-rî), n.f., gluttony, greediness.

glu, n.f., bird-lime, lime.

gluant, -e, adj., glutinous, sticky, slimy; adhesive.

gluau, n.m., lime-twig. Tendre des —x; to set lime-twigs.

glucose, n.f., (chem.) glucose, glycose.

gluer, v.a., to lime; to make sticky.

glui, n.m., barley straw.

glume, n.f., (bot.) glume, husk.

gluten (-tèn), n.m., gluten.

glutinati-f, -ve, adj., agglutinative.

glutination, n.f. V. agglutination.

glutineu-x, -se, adj., glutinous, viscous.

glutinosité, n.f., glutinosity, glutinousness, viscidity; stickiness.

glycérine, n.f., glycerine.

glycine, n.f., (bot.) glycin, a Chinese plant.

glyconien or glyconique, adj., glyconian.

glycose, n.f. V. glucose.

glyphe, n.m., (arch.) glyph.

glyptique, n.f., glyptics.

glyptographie, n.f., glyptography.

gnaphale, n.m., (bot.) cudweed, everlasting.

gneiss, n.m., (min.) gneiss.

gnome, n.m., gnome.

gnomide, n.f., gnome.

gnomique, adj., gnomical, sententious.

gnomon, n.m., gnomon, pin of a dial.

gnomonique, n.f., gnomonics, dialing.

gnose, n.f., (theol.) gnosis; (philos.) gnosticism.

gnosticisme, n.m., gnosticism.

gnostiques, n.m.pl., gnostics.

tout de go, adv., freely, by itself, easily, unceremoniously.

gobbe, n.f., poisoned ball (for a dog); fattening ball (for poultry); wool-ball (in sheep).

gobelet (go-blè), n.m., goblet, mug, drinking-cup; juggler’s box; buttery (of palaces). Officier du —; officer of the buttery. Joueur de —s; juggler; thimble-rigger. Tour de —; juggler’s trick.

gobelin (go-blin), n.m., goblin, evil spirit.

gobelins, n.m.pl., Gobelins (manufacture of tapestry at Paris).

gobelotter (go-blo-té), v.n., to tipple.

gobeloterie, n.f., tippling.

gobeloteur, n.m.f., tippler.

gobe-mouches, n.m., (—) (orni.) fly-catcher; (bot.) fly-trap; simpleton; gull; trifler, ninny.

gober, v.a., to gulp down, to swallow; to swallow down, to believe easily; to nab; to lay hold of; to put up with; to pocket. Il gobe des mouches; he trifles away his time. Je ne vais pas — cela; I am not going to swallow that. — le morceau; to swallow the bait, to be caught, taken in.

goberge, n.f., cross bar (of a bedstead); handle (of a joiner’s press); (pisc.) large cod.

se goberger, v.r., to enjoy one’s self; to take one’s ease, to lounge.

gobet, n.m., gobbet. Prendre au —; to nab.

gobetage, n.m., (mas.) pointing, stopping.

gobeter (gob-té), v.a., (mas.) to point.

gobeur, n.m., swallower, gobbler, gulper; gull (person).

gobin, n.m., (fam., l.u.) a little hunchback.

godage, n.m., bagging, puckering (of a coat).

*godaille, n.f., tippling, drinking.

*godailler, v.n., to tipple.

*godailleur, n.m., tippler.

godelureau, n.m., popinjay, coxcomb, fop.

godenot, n.m., puppet, juggler’s puppet; (b.s.) ill-shaped man, punch.

goder, v.n., to crease; to bag (of clothes); to pucker (of needlework).

godet, n.m., small cup; horn (for drinking); calyx (of a flower); cup (of a lamp).

godiche, n. and adj., simpleton, ninny; clumsy; spoony.

godichon, -ne, n. and adj., silly, simple; clumsy, gawky, ninny, booby.

*godille, n.f., (nav.) scull.

*godiller, v.n., (nav.) to scull.

*godilleur, n.m., (nav.) sculler.

godiveau, n.m., (cook.) force-meat pie.

godron, n.m., ☉plait; (arch.) godroon.

godronner, v.a., ☉to plait round; to godroon.

goéland, n.m., (orni.) gull; sea-gull.

goélette, n.f., (nav.) schooner.

goémon, n.m., sea-wrack; sea-weed.

goétie (-ci), n.f., goety, sorcery.

☉goffe, adj., ill-shaped, awkward.

*gogaille, n.f., (pop.) merry-making.

gogo, n.m., gull, gudgeon, simpleton.

à gogo, adv., in clover. Être à —; to live in clover.

goguenard, -e (gog-nâr), adj., bantering, jeering, jovial, merry.

goguenard, n.m., -e, n.f., banterer, jeerer, chaffer.

goguenarder (gog-nar-dé), v.n., to jeer, to banter, to chaff; to crack jokes.

goguenarderie, n.f., jeering, jeer, bantering.

goguettes, n.f.pl., merry story, merry saying; pleasure-party. Être en —; to be in a merry mood. Chanter — à quelqu’un; to abuse any one.

goinfre, n.m., gormandizer.

goinfrer, v.n., to gormandize.

goinfrerie, n.f., gormandizing.

goître, n.m., goitre, wen; (bot.) struma.

goîtreu-x, -se, adj., goitrous.

goîtreu-x, n.m., -se, n.f., goitrous person; (orni.) pelican.

golfe, n.m., gulf, bay; firth, frith.

gommage, n.m., gumming.

gomme, n.f., gum; (med.) gummatum. — arabique; gum arabic. —-gutte; (—s-—s) gamboge. — élastique; india-rubber, caoutchouc.

gommer, v.a., to gum.

gomme-résine, n.f., (—s-—s) gum-resin.

gommeu-x, -se, adj., gummous, gummy.

gommeux, n.m. Petit —; fop, coxcomb.

gommier, n.m., gum-tree.

gomphose, n.f., (anat.) gomphosis.

gond, n.m., hinge (for doors); pintle (of a rudder). Hors des —s; unhinged; (fig.) enraged, beside one’s self. Cela me fait sortir des —s; that exasperates me.

gondole, n.f., gondola; car (of a balloon); eye-cup; eye bath.

gondoler, v.n., (tech.) to warp (of wood). Se —; (pop.) to shake with laughter.

gondolier, n.m., gondolier.

gonfalon or gonfanon, n.m., gonfalon.

gonfalonier, n.m., gonfalonier.

gonflement, n.m., swelling; tumidness; inflation, filling; distension.

gonfler, v.a., to swell, to puff up, to inflate, to fill out, to fill with wind. Des yeux gonflés; swollen eyes.

se gonfler, v.r., to swell, to swell up, to fill out, to be swollen; to increase, to distend.

gonfler, v.n., to swell, to swell up.

gong, n.m., (—s) gong.

gonin, n.m., knave, rogue, rascal. Maître —; knowing card, artful dodger.

goniomètre, n.m., goniometer.

goniométrie, n.f., goniometry.

gonne, n.f., sea-cask, tar-barrel.

gonorrhée, n.f., gonorrhœa.

gord, n.m., bow-net; fishing weir.

gordien (-di-in), adj.m., Gordian.

gordius (-us), n.m., hair-worm, gordius.

goret, n.m., (jest.) young pig; (fig.) dirty fellow; (of hatters, etc.) foreman; (nav.) hog.

goreter, v.a., (nav.) to hog.

gorge, n.f., throat, gullet; neck and shoulders (of a woman); breast, bosom, neck; mouth, orifice; defile, strait, narrow pass; (arch., fort.) gorge; groove (of a pulley); roller (of maps). Un mal de —; a sore throat. Avoir mal à la —; to have a sore throat. À pleine —; at the top of one’s voice. Couper la — à quelqu’un; to cut any one’s throat; to ruin any one. Prendre quelqu’un à la —; to seize any one by the throat. Rire à — déployée; to split one’s sides with laughter. Rendre —; to disgorge, to refund, to stump up. Faire des —s chaudes de quelque chose; to ridicule, to laugh, at anything, to chuckle over. Cette fumée prend à la —; this smoke nearly chokes one.

gorge-de-pigeon, adj. invariable, iridescent, shot (of colors).

gorge-de-pigeon, n.m., (n.p.) shot-color.

gorgée, n.f., draught; mouthful, gulp, sip.

gorger, v.a., to gorge; to cram; to swell.

se gorger, v.r., to gorge one’s self.

gorgeret, n.m., (surg.) gorget, gorgeret.

gorgerette, n.f., gorget; lady’s ruffle; cap-string (of children); (ornith.) black-cap.

gorgerin, n.m., neck-piece (armor); (arch.) gorgerin.

gorgone, n.f., (myth.) Gorgon; (zoöl.) gorgonia.

*gorille, n.m., (mam.) gorilla.

gosier, n.m., throat, gullet, voice; (anat.) fauces. Coup de —; (mus.) breath. Avoir le — sec; to be always thirsty. S’humecter le —; to wet one’s whistle.

gossampin, n.m., silk-cotton-tree.

gosse, n.m., brat, urchin. n.f., flam, bad joke.

gothique, adj., pertaining to the Goths, Gothic. Ecriture —; black letter.

gothique, n.f., (print.) old English.

gouache, n.f., body-color; painting.

gouailler, v.a., (pop.) to chaff, to tease.

gouailleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., chaffer, joker, teaser.

goudron, n.m., tar.

goudronnage, n.m., tarring.

goudronner, v.a., to tar. Eau goudronnée; tar-water. Toile goudronnée; tarpaulin.

goudronnerie (-dro-n-rî), n.f., tar-works.

gouet, n.m., (bot.) arum, cuckoo-pintle.

gouffre, n.m., gulf, abyss, pit; whirlpool.

gouge, n.f., gouge.

gouger, v.a., to gouge.

gougette, n.f., small gouge.

gouin, n.m., slovenly sailor.

gouine, n.f., (pop.) street-walker.

goujat, n.m., soldier’s servant, camp-follower; hodman; blackguard; snob; vulgar fellow; bungler. — de vaisseau; powder monkey.

goujon, n.m., gudgeon. Avaler le —; to swallow the bait; to fall into the snare.

goule, n.f., ghoul.

goulée, n.f., (pop.) mouthful.

goulet, n.m., narrow entrance to a harbor, inlet, mouth, neck.

goulette, n.f. V. goulotte.

gouliafre, n.m., (pop.) glutton.

goulot, n.m., neck (of a bottle).

goulotte, n.f., water-channel.

goulu, -e, adj., gluttonous, greedy.

goulu, n.m., -e, n.f., glutton, greedy person.

goulûment, adv., gluttonously, greedily.

goum, n.m., (—s) (milit.) contingent (in Algeria).

*goupille, n.f., (tech.) pin; peg; bolt.

*goupiller, v.a., (tech.) to pin, to bolt.

*goupillon, n.m., aspersorium; aspergill; holy-water sprinkler; bottle-brush.

*goupillonner, v.a., to cleanse with a bottle-brush.

gourbi, n.m., (—s) hut, cabin.

gourd, -e, adj., benumbed.

gourde, n.f., (bot.) gourd; calabash; wicker bottle, flask; piaster (a coin).

gourdin, n.m., cudgel, club, stick; (nav.) rope’s end.

gourdiner, v.a., (pop.) to cudgel.

goure, n.f., adulterated drug; (fig.) take-in.

gourer, v.a., (pop.) to adulterate drugs; to cheat, to take in.

goureur, n.m., adulterator of drugs; cheat, trickster.

gourgandine, n.f., (pop.) street-walker, strumpet.

gourgane, n.f., broad bean, bean.

gourgouran, n.m., Indian silk stuff.

gourmade, n.f., punch, cuff, fisticuff.

gourmand, -e, adj., gluttonous, greedy.

gourmand, n.m., -e, n.f., glutton, epicure.

gourmander, v.a., to chide, to reprimand, to reprove harshly; to check, to curb; (cook.) to lard; (of trees) to prune.

gourmandise, n.f., gluttony, greediness.

gourme, n.f., (med.) ringworm of the scalp; (vet.) glanders. Jeter sa —; to have a running at the nose (of a horse); to have a rash (of children); to sow one’s wild oats (of a young man).

gourmé, -e, part., curbed; stiff, formal, solemn, grave.

gourmer, v.a., to curb (a horse); to box, to thump, to pommel.

se gourmer, v.r., to thump, to pommel one another.

gourmet, n.m., connoisseur in wines; epicure; judge of.

gourmette, n.f., (man.) curb, curb-chain. Lâcher la — à quelqu’un; to give any one more scope.

gournable, n.f., (nav.) treenail or trenail.

gournabler, v.a., (nav.) to treenail.

goussant or goussaut, n.m., thick-set horse.

gousse, n.f., pod, husk. — d’ail; clove of garlic.

gousset, n.m., fob; arm-pit; smell from ditto; (obs.) purse; gusset (of a shirt); (carp.) brace. Vider un —; to pick a pocket.

goût, n.m., taste, savor, relish; smell; inclination, liking; style, manner, fashion. Avoir du — pour; to like, to have a liking for, to be fond of. Avoir le — de; to taste of. Avoir le — difficile; to be difficult to please, to be nice, particular. Relever le —; to give a relish to. Avoir le — dépravé; to have one’s palate out of order. Cela plaît au —; that is pleasing to the taste. Avoir bon —; to taste nice. Viande de haut —; highly-seasoned meat. Ce pain a un — de noisette; that bread tastes of nuts. Être de son —; to be palatable; to hit one’s fancy. C’est un critique plein de —; he is a critic of great taste. Chacun à son —; every one to his liking. Prendre — à une chose; to take a liking to a thing. Trouver une chose à son —; to find a thing to one’s liking, to approve of, to be partial to. Il ne faut point disputer des —s; there’s no accounting for tastes. De bon —; in good taste. De mauvais —; in bad taste, vulgar. Ces vers sont dans le — de Racine; these verses are in the style of Racine. Faire une chose par —; to do a thing from taste. Cela est-il de votre —? is that to your taste? Satisfaire ses —s; to satisfy one’s tastes. Chacun son —; tastes differ.

goûter, v.a., to taste, to relish; to like, to approve of, to appreciate; to enjoy, to delight in; to try; to smell. Voulez-vous — notre vin? will you taste our wine? Ce prédicateur est bien goûté; that preacher is very much liked. — les plaisirs de la table; to enjoy the pleasures of the table. — le repos; to enjoy repose.

se goûter, v.r., to be tasted; to be relished; to like each other. Une sauce doit toujours se —; a sauce ought always to be tasted.

goûter, v.n., to taste, to smell; to lunch; to make a trial of; to approve of. Goûtez de ce vin; try this wine.

goûter, n.m., lunch, light refreshments.

goutte, n.f., drop, small quantity; dram; jot; (arch., pharm.) drop; (med.) gout. — à —; drop by drop. Mère —; unpressed wine. Boire la —; to have a drop (of liquor). Boire une —; to have a nip. Ils se ressemblent comme deux —s d’eau; they are as like as two peas. — sciatique; sciatica, hip-gout. — vague; wandering gout. — militaire; gleet. Accès de —; attack of the gout. Être travaillé de la —; to suffer from gout. — à — on emplit la cuve; many a mickle makes a muckle. Payer la —; to stand a drink. C’est une — d’eau dans la mer; it is a drop in the ocean.

goutte, adv., (l.u.) in the least, at all. Il ne voit —; he does not see at all or a wink. N’y voir —; not to make it out at all. N’entendre —; not to hear at all; not to understand in the least.

gouttelette (gou-tlèt), n.f., small drop.

goutteu-x, -se, adj., gouty.

goutteu-x, n.m., -se, n.f., gouty person.

gouttière, n.f., gutter of a roof, shoot; spout (for rain-water); cornice (of a carriage); fore-edge (of a book); (anat.) groove. pl., (nav.) water-way. — de plomb; leaden spout.

gouvernable, adj., governable.

*gouvernail, n.m., rudder, helm. Tenir le —; to be at the helm; (of a bicycle) hand-bar.

gouvernance, n.f., governorship, tutorship.

gouvernant, -e, adj., governing, ruling.

gouvernant, n.m., governor, ruler. Les —s; those who govern.

gouvernante, n.f., governor’s wife; governess; housekeeper (to a single man).

gouverne, n.f., guidance, guide, direction, rule. Je vous dis cela pour votre —; I tell you that for your guidance. Aviron de —; stern-oar.

gouvernement, n.m., government, rule, sway; management; governorship; government-house; (nav.) steering. En son —; under his management.

gouvernemental, -e, adj., of the government.

gouverner, v.a., to govern, to rule, to command, to manage, to direct, to regulate, to look to, to take care of; to husband; to bring up (children); to breed (animals); (nav.) to steer; to rein up (a horse). — un ménage; to direct a household. — quelqu’un; to rule any one. — un vaisseau; to steer a ship. C’est lui qui gouverne la barque; he is the life and soul of the business. Il gouverne bien sa barque; he knows how to manage his affairs, or to feather his nest, or to make money.

se gouverner, v.r., to govern one’s self; to behave one’s self; to be governed; to manage one’s own affairs.

gouverner, v.n., to govern, to rule; to manage; (nav.) to steer, to answer the helm.

gouverneur, n.m., governor, ruler, tutor, manager.

goyave, n.f., (bot.) guava (fruit).

goyavier, n.m., (bot.) guava (tree).

grabat, n.m., pallet, truckle-bed. Sur le —; on a sick-bed; very ill; laid up; (fig.) to be wretchedly poor.

grabataire, n. and adj., bedridden.

grabeau, n.m., fragments, siftings, waste, refuse.

grabuge, n.m., (triv.) wrangling, quarrel, squabble, brawl.

grâce, n.f., grace; favor, pardon; mercy, indulgence; forgiveness; gracefulness, elegance, charm. pl., thanks; (myth.) Graces. Accorder une —; to grant a favor. De —! for mercy’s sake! pray! I pray you! Bonnes —s; good graces; head curtains (of a bed). Actions de —; thanksgiving. À la — de; at the mercy of. À la — de Dieu! in God’s hands! (fam.) anyhow, higgledy-piggledy. Demander — à; to ask pardon of, to crave quarter of. Faire une — à quelqu’un; to do any one a favor. Faire — à quelqu’un; to forgive any one; to pardon any one. Faire — de; to spare. Se mettre dans les bonnes —s de quelqu’un; to get into any one’s good graces. Rentrer en —; to get into favor again. Il est dans les bonnes —s du roi; he is in the king’s good graces. Perdre les bonnes —s de quelqu’un; to lose any one’s good graces. Trouver — devant quelqu’un; to find favor in any one’s sight. Demander or prier en —; to ask as a favor, to entreat. L’an de —; the year of grace, in the year of our Lord. Rendre —s au ciel; to return thanks to heaven. Dire ses —s; to say grace. — à Dieu; thank God. Je vous rends —; I thank you. Sans —; graceless. Avec —; gracefully. Faire une chose de bonne —; to do a thing with a good grace; readily. De mauvaise —; reluctantly, grudgingly. Sacrifier aux —s; to sacrifice to the Graces.

graciable, adj., (jur.) pardonable.

gracier, v.a., (jur.) to pardon.

gracieusement (-eûz-mān), adv., graciously, kindly, gracefully.

gracieuseté, n.f., graciousness; kindness, courtesy (act of); acknowledgment, gratuity. Ce serait une — de votre part; it would be an act of kindness on your part.

gracieu-x, -se, adj., graceful, pleasant, courteous, gracious, kind, obliging, civil.

gracilité, n.f., gracility; slimness, slenderness.

gradation, n.f., gradation; degrees; climax. — inverse; anti-climax.

grade, n.m., grade, rank; degree; step, title. Monter en —; to be promoted.

gradé, adj.m., (mil.) with an inferior rank.

grader, v.a., to confer a grade or rank on.

gradin, n.m., step; shelf; bench; tier. pl., benches rising one above the other, tiers. Sur les —s; (fig.) at school.

graduation, n.f., graduation; drying-house.

gradué, n.m., graduate (of a university).

gradué, -e, adj., part., graduated, progressive. Cours de thèmes —s; progressive course of exercises.

graduel, -le, adj., gradual.

graduel, n.m., (c.rel.) gradual.

graduellement (-èl-mān), adv., gradually.

graduer, v.a., to graduate; to proportion; to increase regularly. Se faire —; to graduate, to take a degree.

graffite, n.m., drawing.

*graillement, n.m., hoarseness, huskiness.

*grailler, v.n., (hunt.) to recall the hounds.

*graillon, n.m., broken meat; remnants, burned meat scraps; smell of burnt meat or fat. Marie —; slattern, slut.

*graillonner, v.n., to smell of burnt meat or fat.

*graillonneu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., (l.ex.) gobber; dealer in broken meats; (f.) bad cook.

grain, n.m., grain, berry, bead; jot, bit, particle; squall. Gros —s; wheat and rye, winter corn. Menus —s; spring corn. Un — de raisin; a grape. — de chapelet; bead of a chaplet. Un rosaire à gros —s; a rosary of large beads. Un — de sel; a grain of salt. Il n’a pas un — de bon sens; he has not a grain of sense. Un — de folie; a touch of madness. Être dans le —; to be on the road to fortune. Poules de —; corn-fed pullets. Catholique à gros —s; lax Catholic. — de beauté; mole, beauty spot. Essuyer un —; to be overtaken by a squall. V. rafale.

graine, n.f., seed; berry; set (persons); eggs (of silkworms). Monter en —; to run to seed. C’est une mauvaise —; he is a bad lot. — d’Avignon; French berry. — de lin; linseed. — de vers à soie; silkworm’s eggs. — de niais; bait for fools. C’est de la — de niais; why, a fool would not be taken in by it. Monter en —; (fig.) to run to seed; to be growing an old maid.

grainer, v.n. V. grener.

grainetis (grè-n-tî), n.m., (coin.) punch, puncheon.

graini-er or graineti-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., seedsman, seedswoman, corn-chandler.

graissage, n.m., greasing; grease.

graisse, n.f., fat, fatness; grease; (pharm.) tallow. — de rôti; dripping. — de cuisine; kitchen-stuff. — de rognon; suet. Tourner à la —; (of wine) to get ropy.

graisser, v.a., to grease; to make greasy; to make dirty; to lubricate, to oil. — la patte à quelqu’un; to give any one a sop, to fee, to tip. — ses bottes; (pop.) to prepare for a journey, to prepare for kingdom come.

graisser, v.n., to get ropy (of wine).

graisserie, n.f., grease-trade or shop.

graisseu-x, -se, adj., greasy; fatty.

graissier, n.m., grease-merchant.

gralle, n.m., (orni.) grallic, wading-bird. V. échassier.

grallipède, adj., grallatory, long-legged.

gramen (-mèn), n.m., gramineous plant.

graminée, adj.f., gramineous.

graminée, n.f., gramineous plant.

graminiforme, adj., graminifolious.

grammaire, n.f., grammar. — raisonnée; analytical grammar.

grammairien, n.m., -ne, n.f. (-in, -è-n), grammarian.

grammatical, -e, adj., grammatical. Correction —e; good grammar.

grammaticalement (-kal-mān), adv., grammatically.

grammatiste, n.m., grammatist.

gramme, n.m., gramme (15·432 grains troy).

grand, -e, adj., great, large; high, lofty, tall; wide; big, grown-up; capacious; huge; grand, noble, stately, majestic; broad (of daylight). Homme —; tall man. — homme; great man. Une —e personne; a grown-up person. Les blés sont déjà —s; the corn is already high. Il fut — dans l’adversité; he bore up well in adversity. Un — personnage; a great personage. Il n’a pas — argent; he has not much money. Le — prêtre; the high-priest. Le — monde; the fashionable world. J’ai eu grand’peur; I was greatly frightened. La grand’messe, (—’—s) high mass. Grand’garde, (—’—s) (milit.) outpost. —es eaux; floods, or (fig.) the fountains at Versailles in full play. Voleur de — chemin; highwayman. Le — ressort; the main-spring. Il est — jour; it is broad daylight. — livre; ledger. — livre de la dette publique, —-livre; list of the creditors of the State.

grand, n.m., grandee; nobleness, grandeur, grandness, great things. pl., the great, great people; (at school) the big boys. Trancher du —; to carry it with a high hand. Du petit au —; comparing little things with great ones. Promesse de — n’est pas l’héritage; put not your faith in the promises of the great. En —; on a large scale; in grand style; (paint.) at full length (portraits).

grand-duc, n.m., (—s-—s) grand-duke.

grand-ducal, adj.m., (—-ducaux), grand-ducale, adj.f., (—-—s) of a grand-duke.

grandelet, -te (gran-dlè, -t), adj., biggish, pretty tall.

grandement (gran-dmān), adv., grandly, nobly; greatly, vastly, highly, extremely, largely, very much; handsomely.

grandesse, n.f., grandeeship.

grandeur, n.f., size; height; length; breadth bulk, bulkiness; greatness, largeness, magnitude, hugeness, bigness; tallness; might; grandeur, nobleness; (titles) grace, highness. Ils sont de même —; they are of the same size. De — naturelle; life-size. Il a un air de — qui impose; he has an air of grandeur that commands respect. — d’âme; magnanimity. Regarder quelqu’un du haut de sa —; to look down upon any one. Ma “—” ne va pas jusqu’à cette planche; my “highness” cannot reach up to that shelf (V. Hugo).

grandiose, adj., grand, imposing.

grandiose, n.m., grandeur.

grandir, v.n., to grow; to grow up, to spring up; to grow tall, to grow big; to increase, to magnify, to give importance to. — trop pour ses habits; to grow out of one’s clothes.

se grandir, v.r., to make one’s self appear taller; to become taller, to grow taller; to grow; to become greater, to raise one’s self, to rise.

grandissement, n.m., growth, increase, rise.

grandissime, adj., very great, very large.

grand’mère, n.f., (—-—s) grandmother.

grand-oncle, n.m., (—s-—s) great-uncle.

grand-père, n.m., (—s-—s) grandfather, grandsire.

grand’tante, n.f., (—-—s) great-aunt.

grand-vizir, n.m., grand-vizier.

grange, n.f., barn. Batteur en —; thrasher.

granit (-nit), n.m., (min.), granite.

granitelle, adj., (min.) granitoid.

granitique, adj., (min.) granitic.

granivore, adj., granivorous.

granulaire, adj., (min.) granular.

granulation, n.f., granulation.

granule, n.m., (bot.) granule.

granulé, -e, part., granulated, granular.

se granuler, v.r., to granulate.

granuleu-x, -se, adj., granulous, granular, granulated.

graphique, adj., graphic, graphical. Représentation —; (math.) scheme.

graphiquement, adv., graphically.

graphite, n.m., (min.) graphite; plumbago.

graphomètre, n.m., (math.) graphometer.

grapin, n.m. V. grappin.

grappe, n.f., bunch (of grapes, currants); cluster (of fruit); (artil.) grape, grapeshot; (vet.) grape, wart. Mordre à la —; to bite at the hook, to swallow the bait. Croître en —; to cluster.

*grappillage, n.m., gleaning, pickings.

*grappiller, v.a. and n., to glean grapes; to glean; to gain a trifle, to make a little profit.

*grappilleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., grape-gleaner; gleaner; petty extortioner.

*grappillon, n.m., little bunch of grapes.

grappin, n.m., (nav.) grapple, grappling, grappling-iron, hook; toasting-fork. — à main; hand grapple. — de brûlot; fire grappling. Jeter le — sur quelqu’un; to get any one into one’s clutches.

grappu, -e, adj., loaded with bunches.

gras, -se, adj., fat, fleshy, plump, full of fat, corpulent, obese; greasy, oily, unctuous; rich; broad, indecent; (paint.) thick; (print.) thick-faced (of letters). — comme un moine; as fat as butter. Dormir la —se matinée; to sleep all the morning; to get up late. Il en fait ses choux —; he feathers his nest with it. Ce cheval a la vue —se; this horse is dim-sighted. Cette sauce est trop —se; this gravy is too rich. Soupe —se; meat soup. Dîner —; meat dinner. Du vin —; thick, ropy wine. De l’encre —se; thick ink. Terre —se; heavy, clayey soil. Terres —ses; rich land. Du son —; fine bran. Jour —; meat-day. Les jours —; shrove days, shrove-tide. Avoir la langue —se; to speak thick. Temps —; hazy weather. Cette comédie est trop —se; this comedy is too broad. Le pavé est —; the pavement is slippery. Cet homme n’en est pas plus —; this man is none the better for it.

gras, n.m., fat, fat part, fleshy part; meat; meat diet; calf (of the leg). Faire —, manger —; to eat meat.

gras-cuit, adv., (of bread) heavy.

gras-double, n.m., (—-—s) tripe.

gras-fondu, n.m., (n.p.) or gras-fondure, n.f., (n.p.) (vet) molten grease.

gras-mollet, n.m., (—-—s) (ich.) lump-fish.

grassement (grâs-mān), adv., plentifully, largely, liberally; comfortably. Payer —; to pay generously. Vivre —; to live comfortably, to live well.

grasset, -te, adj., fattish, pretty fat, pretty plump; (of meat) thin flank.

grasset, n.m., (vet.) stifle; stifle-joint.

grassette, n.f., (bot.) butterwort, sanicle.

grasseyement, n.m., burring, rolling of r’s.

grasseyer, v.n., to burr; to roll one’s r’s.

*grassouillet, -te, adj., plump.

grat (gra), n.m., place scratched by fowls.

grateron, n.m., (bot.) scratch-weed; goose-grass; cleavers.

graticuler, v.n., (paint.) to square.

gratification, n.f., gratuity, reward, encouragement; present.

gratifier, v.a., to confer on, to bestow on; to favor; to attribute, to ascribe. — quelqu’un de ses bévues; to father one’s blunders upon somebody else. — quelqu’un d’un coup de poing; to favor any one with a hiding.

gratin, n.m., burnt part; scraping. Au —; (cook.) dressed with bread crumbs.

gratiné, -e, adj., burnt; browned.

gratiole (-ci-), n.f., (bot.) gratiola, hyssop. — officinale; hedge-hyssop.

gratis (gra-tis), adv., gratis, for nothing, gratuitously; free of cost.

gratis, n.m., exemption from cost; free gift.

gratitude, n.f., gratitude, thankfulness.

gratte, n.f., (nav.) scraper. — double; double-headed scraper.

gratté, -e, part., scratched.

gratte-bosse, n.f., (—) scratch-brush.

gratte-bosser, v.a., to scratch with the brush in gilding.

gratte-cul, n.m., (—-—s) (bot.) canker, dog-rose. Il n’est point de si belle rose qui ne devienne —; all beauty is subject to decay.

gratte-langue, n.m., (—-—s) tongue-scraper.

gratteleu-x, -se (gra-tleû, -z), adj., itchy.

grattelle, n.f., (med.) rash, itching.

gratte-navire, n.m., (—-—s) ship-scraper.

gratte-papier, n.m., (—, or —-—s) scribbling drudge, quill driver.

gratter, v.a., to scratch, to scrape, to claw, to dig, to paw. Trop — cuit, trop parler nuit; the least said the soonest mended. — quelqu’un où il lui démange; to talk of a thing that pleases any one. — le papier; to drive the quill.

se gratter, v.r., to scratch one’s self; to scrape one’s self. Qui se sent galeux se gratte; let him whom the cap fits wear it.

grattoir, n.m., scratching-knife, scraper, eraser.

gratton, n.m., (bot.) V. grateron.

gratuit, -e, adj., gratuitous, free. Supposition —e; gratuitous supposition.

gratuité, n.f., gratuity, free gift.

gratuitement (-tui-tmān), adv., gratuitously; free, for nothing; groundlessly.

grauwacke, n.f., (geol., min.) graywacke, greywacke; grit-rock.

gravatier (-tié), n.m., rubbish-carter.

gravati-f, -ve, adj., (med.) dull, heavy.

gravats (-vâ), n.m.pl. V. gravois.

grave, adj., heavy; grave, serious, solemn, sedate, demure, sober; weighty, of importance; dangerous; low, deep, hollow, (mus.) flat. Contenance, mine, —; solemn look. Blessure —; dangerous wound. Note —; low note. Ton —; deep tone. Accent —; grave accent.

grave, n.m., gravity; heavy body. Passer du — au gai; to pass from the grave to the gay. Chute des —s; (phys.) descent of bodies.

grave, n.f., beach, strand in Newfoundland.

gravé, -e, part., engraved. Être — de petite vérole; to be pitted with small-pox; to be pock-marked.

gravelage, n.m., graveling.

gravelée (gra-vlée), adj.f., crude. Cendre —; pearl ash.

graveleu-x, -se (gra-vleû, -z), adj., troubled with gravel; gravely, sandy, gritty; obscene, smutty. Terroir —; gravely soil. Fruit —; stony fruit. Crayon —; gritty pencil.

graveleux, n.m., (med.) person affected with gravel.

gravelle, n.f., (med.) gravel.

gravelure (gra-vlur), n.f., obscenity, broadness, ribaldry, smut, smuttiness.

gravement (gra-vmān), adv., gravely, seriously, solemnly, soberly; grievously; (mus.) deeply.

graver, v.a., to engrave; to grave; to impress, to imprint. — à l’eau-forte; to etch. — en creux; (engr.) to sink. — au burin; to engrave.

se graver, v.r., to be engraved; to be graven, to be impressed, imprinted. Se — quelque chose dans l’esprit; to impress anything on one’s mind.

graveur, n.m., engraver. — à l’eau-forte; etcher.

gravier, n.m., gravel, grit. pl., (med.) gravel. Couvrir de —; to gravel.

gravière, n.f., gravel pit; (agri.) vetch and lentils; (orni.) plover.

gravimètre, n.m., (phys.) gravimeter.

gravir, v.a. and n., to clamber, to clamber up, to climb, to climb up, to scale, to ascend.

gravitation, n.f., (phys.) gravitation.

gravité, n.f., gravity; seriousness, solemnity, demureness, sedateness, graveness; weight, importance, (mus.) flatness, lowness. Centre de —; centre of gravity. — de son; deepness of sound.

graviter, v.n., (phys.) to gravitate.

gravois, n.m., pl., coarse plaster, mortar; rubbish (of plaster). Enlever les —; to carry away the rubbish.

gravure, n.f., engraving, graving, cut, print. — sur pierre; stone-engraving. — au burin; stroke-engraving. — en creux; die-sinking; intaglio. — en taille-douce; copperplate-engraving. — au trait; line-engraving. — sur acier; steel engraving. — sur bois; wood-engraving. — en caractères d’imprimerie; letter-engraving. — en pierres fines; seal-engraving; engraving on precious stones.

gré, n.m., will, wish; liking, pleasure; mind, taste, inclination; accord, consent. De bon —; willingly. De mauvais —, or contre son —; unwillingly, against the grain. Il y est allé de son —; he went of his own accord. Cela est-il à votre —? is that to your liking? Elle est assez à mon —; I like her well enough. Bon — mal —, or de — ou de force; whether one will or no, willing or unwilling, willy nilly, nolens volens. Au — des flots; at the mercy of the waves. Ses crins flottaient au — du vent; his mane waved in the wind. Prendre, avoir, recevoir en —; to take in good part, to approve of. Prendre en —; to receive with resignation; to take a liking to. Savoir —, bon —, beaucoup de —, à quelqu’un de quelque chose; to be thankful to any one for anything. Savoir mauvais — à quelqu’un de quelque chose; not to thank any one for anything or to resent interference. Je lui en sais bon —; I am deeply grateful to him. Plein —; free-will, own free-will. Vendre de — à —; to sell by private contract.

gréage, n.m., (nav.) rigging.

grèbe, n.m., (orni.) grebe. — huppé; great-crested grebe.

gre-c, -que, adj., Greek, Grecian.

gre-c, n.m., -que, n.f., Greek, Grecian. m., miser; sharper, black-leg, cheat. Être — en quelque chose; to be a dab at anything.

grec, n.m., Greek language. C’est du — pour moi; that is Greek, Hebrew, to me.

gréciser, v.a., to Hellenize.

grécisme, n.m., grecism.

gréciste, n.m., Grecian; Hellenist, Greek scholar.

grecque, n.f., Greek woman, Grecian woman; (arch.) fret, fret-work; bookbinder’s saw; saw. Orner de —s; (arch.) to fret. Orné d’une —; (arch.) fretted.

grecquer, v.a., (bookbind.) to saw-bind.

gredin, n.m., -e, n.f., villain, scamp, scoundrel, blackguard; lapdog; slut.

gredinerie (-di-n-rî), n.f., blackguardism, villainy, rascality.

gréement, n.m., (nav.) rigging. V. agrès.

gréer, v.a., (nav.) to rig.

gréeur, n.m., (nav.) rigger.

greffe, n.m., (jur.) registry, record-office; registrar’s office, clerk’s office.

greffe, n.f., graft, grafting, engraftment. — à l’anglaise; whip-grafting. — par approche; graft by approach. — en couronne; crown-graft. — en écusson; shield-graft; graft by gems; budding. — en fente; chink-graft, cleft-graft, shoulder-graft. — en flûte; flute-graft. Lever une —; to take a graft.

greffer, v.a., to graft.

greffeur, n.m., grafter.

greffier, n.m., registrar, recorder, clerk of the court.

greffoir, n.m., grafting-knife.

grégaire, adj., gregarious.

grège, adj., raw (of silk).

grégeois (-joâ), adj., only used in Feu —; Greek fire; wild fire.

grégorien, -ne (-in, -è-n), adj., Gregorian.

☉grègues (grèg), n.f., breeches. Tirer ses —s; to run away, to cut one’s sticks, to take to one’s heels.

grêle, n.m., highest note (of a horn).

grêle, n.f., hail, hail-storm; (of the eyelid), stye. Grain de —; hailstone. — de coups; shower of blows.

grêle, adj., slender, slim, lank; shrill. Des jambes —s; spindle legs. Voix —; shrill voice. Intestins —s; (anat.) small intestines.

grêlé, -e, part., ravaged by hail; pock-marked, pitted with small-pox. Cet homme a été —; that man has suffered great losses. Un homme —; a man pitted with small-pox.

grêler, v.imp., to hail. Il grêle; it hails.

grêler, v.a., to ravage by hail, to ruin.

grelet, n.m., granite hammer.

grêlet, -te, adj., thinnish, puny.

grelin, n.m., (nav.) warp; stream-cable; (ich.) coal-fish. — en queue de rat; pointed stream-cable.

grêlon, n.m., large hail-stone.

grelot, n.m., little bell, hawk bell, rattle. Attacher le —; to bell the cat (to take the first step in a difficult enterprise). Trembler le —; to tremble, to shake (till one’s teeth chatter).

grelotter, v.n., to quake, to shiver.

greluchon, n.m., favored lover.

grément or gréement, n.m., (nav.) rigging.

grémial, n.m., (c.rel.) gremial, (eccl.) bishop’s apron.

grémil, n.m., (bot.) gromwell, gromil.

grémillet, n.m., (bot.) scorpion-grass, scorpion’s tail.

grenade, n.f., pomegranate; (milit.) grenade.

grenadier, n.m., pomegranate-tree; pomegranate; (milit.) grenadier. — sauvage; (bot.) wild pomegranate. Jurer comme un —; to swear like a trooper. C’est un —, c’est un vrai —; she is a regular termagant.

grenadière, n.f., ☉grenade-pouch; upper band (of a rifle). Mettre son fusil à la —; (milit.) to sling one’s musket.

*grenadille, n.f., (bot.) grenadilla, passion-flower.

grenadin, n.m., (cook.) small fricandeau.

grenadine, n.f., grenadine (silk).

*grenaille, n.f., granulated metal; refuse corn.

*grenailler, v.a., to granulate.

*se grenailler, v.r., to granulate.

grenat, n.m., (min.) garnet; great humming-bird; dried lemon-peel. Couleur —; garnet-red.

grené, n.m., (engr.) stippling, blending.

greneler, v.a., to grain (leather).

grener, v.n., to seed, to run to seed; to produce seed.

grener, v.a., to granulate, to corn; to grain (leather); (engr.) to stipple. — de la poudre à canon; to corn gunpowder.

grèneterie (grè-n-trî), n.f., seed trade.

grèneti-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., (grè-n-tié), seedsman; seedswoman.

grènetis (grè-n-tî), n.m., milling, milled edge; milling punch, stamp.

grenettes, n.f.pl., Avignon-berry, French-berry.

grenier, n.m., granary, corn-loft, loft, cock-loft; garret; (nav.) floor-ceiling (of a ship). — au foin; hayloft. En —; in the granary, in store; (nav.) in bulk, unpacked. Aller du — à la cave, de la cave au —; to talk in a disjointed way, to tell a long rigmarole, to write up and down hill. Charger en —; (nav.) to load in bulk.

*grenouille, n.f., frog; (print.) frog.

*grenouillère, n.f., place full of frogs; marshy place; fen; (b.s.) damp, unhealthy house.

*grenouillet, n.m., (bot.) Solomon’s seal, knee-grass.

*grenouillette, n.f., (med.) ranula; (bot.) buttercup; frogbit. V. ranule.

grenu, -e, adj., seedy, full of corn; granulous. Epi bien —; ear very full of corn. Cuir bien —; leather that has a good grain. Huile —e; clotted oil. Marbre —; grained marble.

grès, n.m., sandstone; stoneware; (min.) grit, grit-stone, grit-rock. — à bâtir; free-stone. — des rémouleurs; grindstone.

☉gréseu-x, -se, adj., sandy, gritty.

grésière, n.f., sandstone quarry.

*grésil, n.m., sleet.

*grésillement, n.m., shriveling, shriveling up; wrinkling, pattering, crackling (as parchment does in the fire); shriveled state; chirping (of crickets).

*grésiller, v.imp., to sleet, to patter, to crackle.

*grésiller, v.a., to shrivel, to shrivel up, to wrinkle, to chirp (of crickets).

gresserie (grè-srî), n.f., sandstone, grit, free-stone; stoneware; sandstone quarry.

grève, n.f., strand; Grève (a square at Paris, where capital punishments formerly took place); strike of workmen. Faire or se mettre en —; to strike, to go out on strike (of workmen). En —; on strike.

grevé, n.m., (jur.) heir of entail.

grever, v.a., to wrong, to injure; to burden; to encumber (with debt, etc.). Un pays grevé d’impôts; a country burdened with taxes. Terre grevée d’hypothèques; estate encumbered with mortgages. Terre non grevée; unencumbered estate.

grianneau, n.m., young heath-cock; young grouse.

griblette, n.f., (cook.) hash of broiled meat.

*gribouillage, n.m., scrawl; daub (paint.).

*gribouille, n.m., simpleton, blockhead.

*gribouiller, v.a., to scrawl, to scribble (writing); to daub (paint.).

*gribouillette, n.f., scramble, scrambling. Attraper quelque chose à la —; to scramble for anything. À la —; negligently; carelessly; higgledy-piggledy.

gribouilleu-r, -se, n.m.f., scrawler, scribbler. adj., scrawling, scribbling, daubing.

gribouri, n.m., (zoöl.) vine-grub.

grièche, adj., (l.u.) prickly. Ortie-— (—s-—s); sting-nettle. Pie-— (—s-—s); shrew, scold, vixen.

grief (gri-èf), n.m., grievance, wrong, injury; complaint. Faire un — à quelqu’un; to do any one an injury. Redresser un —; to redress an injury. —s, —s et contredits; (jur.) plea.

grièvement (-èv-mān), adv., grievously, sorely, gravely, greatly, sadly, badly.

grièveté (-èv-té), n.f., enormity, gravity, heinousness.

griffade, n.f., clawing, scratch.

griffe, n.f., claw; fang; pounce, talon; grasp; (gard.) bulb; stamped facsimile of a signature; (tech.) catch; music-pen. Je suis sous ses —s; I am in his clutches. Donner un coup de — à quelqu’un; to do any one an ill office; to speak ill of any one. Apposer sa — à; to put one’s signature to.

griffer, v.a., (falconry) to take with the claws, to claw; to scratch (of cats); (pop.) to clutch, to grab.

griffon, n.m., griffin, griffon (also a kind of water dog).

griffonnage, n.m., scrawl, scrawling, scribbling, scribble.

griffonner, v.a., to scrawl; to scribble.

griffonneu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., scrawler, scribbler.

*grignon, n.m., hard crust; residuum.

*grignoter, v.a., to nibble; to get pickings.

*grignotis (-ti), n.m., (engr.) crispness.

grigou, n.m., beggarly fellow, miserable wretch; sordid miser.

gril (gri), n.m., gridiron. Être sur le —; to be upon thorns, to be in a mess; to be on tenter hooks.

*grillade, n.f., grilling, grill; broil; toast. Mettre à la —; to broil.

*grillage, n.m., grilling, broiling, toasting; light iron railing; wire lattice; wire guard; (metal.) roasting. — de bois; (arch.) frame of timber.

grillager, v.a., to lattice, to grate, to wire; to inclose with lattice work.

*grille, n.f., grate; grating; railing, gate (garden). — de fer; iron railing.

grille-pain, n.m., toasting-fork.

*griller, v.a., to inclose with iron rails; to rail in; to grate; (cook.) to broil, to grill, to toast; (metal.) to roast; to scorch (of the sun).

*se griller, v.r., to be scorched; to be parched; to be roasted.

*griller, v.n., (cook.) to broil; (fig.) to be on thorns, in hot water.

*grillet, n.m., or *grillette, n.f., (her.) hawk’s bell.

*grilleté, -e, adj., (her., falconry) belled.

*grilletier (-tié), n.m., grate-maker.

*grillon, n.m., (ent.) cricket. — domestique; house-cricket. —-taupe (—s-—s), taupe-— (—s-—s); fen-cricket, mole-cricket.

*grillotter, v.n., to chirp (like the cricket).

grimaçant, -e, adj., grimacing, grinning, (fig.) gaping, ill-fitting (of shoes).

grimace, n.f., grimace, wry face; humbug, cant; pin-cushion, wafer-box. Faire la —; to make faces. Faire des —s à quelqu’un; to make faces at any one, to grin at any one. Faire la —; to be disgusted, not to like it. Cet habit fait la —; that coat puckers.

grimacer, v.n., to make faces, wry faces; to grin; to simper, to mince; to sham; to pucker.

grimacerie (-ma-srî), n.f., (l.u.) grimaces; grinning.

grimaci-er, -ère, adj. and n., grimacing; simpering; dissembling; canting, finical, mincing; simperer; dissembler, hypocrite, humbug.

grimaud, -e, adj., (l.u.) (of children) cross, ill-tempered, peevish.

grimaud, n.m., urchin, brat, dunce; scribbler, sorry writer, pedant.

grime, n.m., ☉brat; (thea.) old man, old fogy. Il joue les —s; (thea.) he plays old men’s parts.

se grimer, v.r., (thea.) to paint, to make up, to play old men, old women’s parts, duennas, etc.

grimoire, n.m., conjuring book, black-book; obscure language; illegible scrawl. Il sait le —; he knows what he is about. C’est du — pour lui; it is Greek to him.

grimpant, -e, adj., (bot.) climbing.

grimpart, n.m., (orni.) nut-hatch.

grimper, v.n., to climb, to climb up, to clamber up, to creep up (of plants).

grimpereau, n.m. V. grimpart.

grimpeurs, n.m.pl., (orni.) climbers.

grincement (grins-man), n.m., gnashing, grinding (of the teeth); grating.

grincer, v.a., to gnash (the teeth); to grate. Faire — les dents; to make the teeth grate, to set the teeth on edge.

grincer, v.n., to grind; to gnash; to grate. — des dents; to grind one’s teeth. La porte grinça sur ses gonds rouillés; the door grated on its rusty hinges.

grincheu-x, -se, adj., ill-tempered, peevish, crabbed, surly.

gringalet, n.m., weak, puny man, bit of a fellow, stripling, nobody.

gringolé, -e, adj., (her.) snake-headed.

gringotter, v.n., to twitter; to hum.

gringotter, v.a., to hum a tune badly.

gringuenaude, n.f., (l.ex.) dirt, filth.

griot, n.m., (of meal or flour) seconds.

griotte, n.f., marble with red and brown spots; morella cherry.

griottier, n.m., (bot.) egriot-tree, morella tree.

grippe, n.f., (l.u.) fancy, whim; hobby; crotchet, dislike; (med.) influenza. Prendre quelqu’un en —, se prendre de — contre quelqu’un; to take a dislike to any one. — argent; money-grubber.

grippé, part., (med.) shrunk, contracted (of the face); (of persons) ill with influenza.

grippeminaud (grip-minô), n.m., grimalkin (of a cat).

gripper, v.a., to gripe, to clutch, to seize, to snatch up; to nab; to crib.

se gripper, v.r., to shrivel; to take a dislike to.

grippe-sou, n.m., (—, or —-—s) pinch-penny; curmudgeon.

gris, -e, adj., gray; gray-headed; tipsy, fuddled. Cheveux —; gray hair. Lettres —es; (print.) flourished letters. Temps —; raw, dull, cloudy weather. Faire mine —e à quelqu’un; to look black at any one. Papier —; brown paper. En voir de —es; to have an unpleasant time of it. En faire voir de —es à; to lead any one a dance.

gris, n.m., gray. — cendré; ash-gray. — pommelé; dappled gray. — brun; drab.

gris-gris, n.m., amulet.

*grisaille, n.f., cameo with a gray ground; hair partly gray.

*grisailler, v.a., to paint gray.

*grisailler, v.n., (of hair) to turn gray.

grisâtre, adj., grayish.

griser, v.a., to give a gray tint to; to make tipsy, to fuddle.

se griser, v.r., to be intoxicated, to get tipsy, to be fuddled.

griser, v.n., (dy.) to turn gray.

griset, n.m., (orni.) young goldfinch.

grisette, n.f., gray gown, russet gown; (orni.) white-throat; grisette, gay work girl.

grisoller, v.n., to warble, to carol (of the lark).

grison, -ne, adj., gray, gray-haired, gray-headed.

grison, n.m., gray-beard (old man); donkey, ass (person); footman in gray livery; private agent; detective.

grisonnant, adj., getting gray.

grisonner, v.n., to grow gray (of hair).

grisou, n.m., (mining) fire-damp.

grive, n.f., (orni.) thrush. Il est soûl comme une —; he is as drunk as a fiddler. Faute de —s on mange des merles; half a loaf is better than no bread.

grivelé, -e (gri-vlé), adj., speckled.

griveler, v.a.n., to pilfer, to filch.

☉griveleur, n.m., pilferer.

grivois, -e, adj., jolly; broad, obscene. Conte —; broad story.

grivois, n.m., jolly dog.

grivoise, n.f., jolly wench.

grog, n.m., grog. — américain; hot punch.

*grognard, -e, adj., grumbling, growling.

*grognard, n.m., -e, n.f., grumbler, growler; veteran of the first French Empire.

*grognement, n.m., grunt, grunting, growling, grumbling.

*grogner, v.n., to grunt, to growl, to grumble.

*grogneu-r, -se, adj. and n., grumbling, growling; grumbler, growler.

*grognon, adj.m.f., grumbling, growling.

*grognon, n.m.f., grumbler, growler.

groin, n.m., snout (of a hog).

groisil, n.m., broken or pounded glass.

grolle, n.f., (orni.) rook.

groller, v.n., to croak, to grumble.

grommeler (grom-lé), v.n., to grumble, to mutter; to grunt.

grondant, -e, adj., scolding; roaring, rumbling.

grondement, n.m., rumbling, roaring, growling; snarl, snarling; roaring, peal.

gronder, v.n., to growl, to grumble, to mutter; to snarl, to rumble, to roar, to peal.

gronder, v.a., to chide, to scold, to reprimand.

gronderie (-drî), n.f., scolding, chiding.

grondeu-r, -se, adj., grumbling, scolding.

grondeu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., scold; grumbler.

grondin, n.m., (ich.) red gurnet.

groneau, n.m., gray gurnet.

groom, n.m., (—s) groom, buttons, tiger.

gros, -se, adj., large, big, great, bulky; pregnant, with child; loud (of laughter); dark (of color); rough (of the voice); heavy (of cavalry); coarse, thick; rich, substantial; foul, bad, heavy (of the weather); high. — bon sens; plain common sense. — mots; oaths, high words. —se somme d’argent; large sum of money. — drap; coarse cloth. — souliers; thick shoes. — rhume; bad cold. —se viande; butcher’s meat. — lourdaud; blockhead. Un — marchand; a substantial tradesman. — bonnet; big-wig. — temps; foul, rough, heavy weather. La mer est —se; the sea runs high. Une —se femme; a stout woman. Une femme —se; a pregnant woman. Toucher la grosse corde; to come to the main point. Jouer — jeu; to play high. À la —se; roughly; (com.) on bottomry.

gros, n.m., large part; bulk, mass; main body (of an army); large hand (writing); (com.) wholesale. Vendre en —; to sell wholesale. En — et en détail; wholesale and retail. Faire le — de la besogne; to do the heavy work.

gros, adv., much. Gagner —; to earn, to win much, a great deal.

gros-bec, n.m., (—-—s) (orni.) grosbeak.

gros canon, n.m., (print.) French canon.

*groseille, n.f., — à grappes; red currant, white currant. — à maquereau, — verte; gooseberry.

*groseillier, n.m., red-currant-tree, white-currant-tree; gooseberry-bush. — noir; (l.u.) black-currant-tree. V. cassis.

*groseillon, n.m., small currant.

gros-jean, n.m., (—-—s) a vulgar fellow, a countryman, mere nobody. Être — comme devant; to be as you were (i.e., no better off). — en remontre à son curé; (prov.) to teach one’s grandmother how to suck eggs.

grosse, n.f., gross (twelve dozen); large hand (writing); bottomry; (jur.) copy. Contrat à la —; bottomry bond. Prêt à la —; bottomry loan.

grossement, adv., grossly, coarsely.

grosserie (grô-srî), n.f., ironmongery; wholesale. Il ne fait que la —; he is a wholesale dealer only.

grossesse, n.f., pregnancy.

grosseur, n.f., bigness, largeness, hugeness, size, bulk; swelling.

grossi-er, -ère, adj., coarse, thick; homely, plain, common; clumsy, rough, rude; unpolished, uncivilized; unmannerly, scurrilous; churlish, unpolite, uncouth, boorish. Des meubles —s; clumsy furniture. Mœurs —ères; unpolished manners. Vous êtes bien —; you are very unmannerly. Il m’aborda d’un air —; he accosted me rudely. Erreur —ère; gross mistake.

grossièrement (-sièr-mān), adv., coarsely, rudely, roughly, uncouthly, boorishly, unmannerly, scurrilously; churlishly; grossly, indecently.

grossièreté (-sièr-té), n.f., coarseness, grossness; rudeness, clownishness, roughness, incivility, bluntness, unmannerliness; coarse language, scurrility; clumsiness, awkwardness; churlishness. Il lui a dit des —s; he said rude things to him.

grossir, v.a., to make bigger, greater; to enlarge, to augment, to increase; to swell, to swell out; to magnify.

se grossir, v.r., to grow bigger, larger; to increase in size; to increase, to augment, to be increased; to swell; to magnify.

grossir, v.n., to get big, large; to grow stout, to magnify; to enlarge; to swell out.

grossissant, adj., magnifying. Verre —; magnifying glass.

grossissement (-sis-mān), n.m., magnifying, enlargement, increase; exaggeration.

grosso-modo, adv., summarily, generally, roughly.

grossoyer, v.a., to engross, to copy in a large hand.

grotesque, n.m. and adj., grotesque; grotesque figure; grotesque dancer; clown.

grotesquement, adv., grotesquely.

grotte, n.f., grotto, grot; crypt.

*grouillant, -e, adj., (pop.) stirring, moving about; swarming, crawling. Tout — de vermine, crawling with vermin.

*grouillement (groo-), n.m., (pop.) rumbling (of the intestines); rattling; stirring, swarming.

*grouiller, v.n., (pop.) to stir, to move; to rumble (of the intestines); to shake (the head with old age); to swarm. Le ventre me grouille; my belly rumbles. La tête lui grouille; his head shakes. Cela grouille de vermine; that is alive with vermin.

group (groop), n.m., (com.) sealed bag of specie.

groupe, n.m., group, cluster, clump (of trees); crowd, flock, (print.) heading.

groupement, n.m., grouping.

grouper, v.a., to group.

se grouper, v.r., to form into groups, to be grouped, to gather, to collect.

grouper, v.n., (paint.) to group.

gruau, n.m., oat-meal; gruel, groats; (tech.) small crane. Farine de —; groats. Pain de —; finest wheaten bread.

grue, n.f., (orni., tech.) crane; (astron.) Grus; simpleton, goose. Faire le pied de —; to dance attendance.

☉gruerie, n.f., wood-mote.

grugeon, n.m., lump (of sugar).

gruger, v.a., to craunch, to eat, to eat up, to devour. — du sucre; to craunch sugar.

grugerie, n.f., craunching.

grugeur, n.m., squanderer, sponger, parasite.

grume, n.f., bark. En —; with the bark on.

grumeau, n.m., clod, clot, lump.

se grumeler, v.r., to clot.

grumeleu-x, -se (gru-mleû, -z), adj., clotted, grumous; rugged, rough. Sang —; clotted blood. Poires —ses; rough pears.

gruyer, n.m., a justice in eyre.

gruy-er, -ère, adj., of the crane. Faucon —; hawk trained to fly the crane. Faisan —; crane pheasant. ☉Seigneur —; lord having certain rights on the woods of his vassals.

gruyère, n.m., Gruyere cheese.

guano (gooa-no), n.m., guano.

gué (ghé), n.m., ford. Passer une rivière à —; to ford a river. Sonder le —; to probe the ford; (fig.) to sound a person.

guéable (ghé-), adj., fordable.

guèbre, n.m. V. gaure.

guédasse, n.f., weed-ash.

guède (ghèd), n.f., (dy.) woad, dyer’s-woad, pastel.

guéder (ghé-dé), v.a., to dye with woad; ☉to cram, to stuff (with food).

☉se guéder, v.r., to cram one’s self with food.

guéer (ghéé), v.a., to ford. — un cheval; to water a horse. — du linge; to wash linen (in a river). Se —, v.r., to be forded.

guelfe, n.m., (Italian hist.) Guelph.

*guenille (ghĕ-), n.f., rag, tatter; rubbish, trifle, trumpery, thing.

*guenilleu-x, -se, adj., tattered, ragged, in rags; rubbishy, trumpery, worthless.

*guenillon (ghĕ-), n.m., little rag; scrap.

guenipe (ghĕ-), n.f., slut, trollop; drab.

guenon (ghĕ-), n.f., (mam.) monkey; she-monkey; fright, ugly woman; strumpet.

guenuche (ghĕ-), n.f., young she-monkey. — coiffée; over-dressed woman; ape in petticoats.

guépard, n.m., (mam.) cheetah.

guêpe (ghêp), n.f., (ent.) wasp. —-frelon (—s-—s); hornet. Mouche-— (—s-—s); wasp-fly. Taille de —; very slender waist. Nid de —; wasps’ nest.

guêpier, n.m., wasps’ nest; (orni.) bee-eater; scrape, difficulty. Donner, tomber, dans un —; to get into a scrape.

☉guerdon (ghèr-), n.m., guerdon, recompense, reward, meed.

☉guerdonner, v.a., to requite, to reward, to recompense.

guère or guères (ghèr), adv., but little, not much, not very; not long; hardly, scarcely, very few. N’avoir — d’argent; to have but little money. Il n’est — sage; he is not very wise. Il ne tardera — à venir; it will not be long before he comes or he will soon come. Il ne s’en faut —; it wants but little. N’avoir — plus; to have little more. N’avoir — moins; to have little less. Je ne le vois —; I hardly ever see him.

guéret (ghé-rè), n.m., (agri.) land unsown, fallow-land. pl., (poet.) fields.

guéridon (ghé-), n.m., gueridon, round table, centre table, loo-table, stand; (nav.) scoop.

guérilla (ghé-), n.f., guerilla.

guérilla, n.m., guerilla-soldier.

guérir (ghé-), v.a., to heal, to cure. — la fièvre; to cure a fever. — quelqu’un d’une erreur; to rid any one of an error. Cela ne me guérira de rien; that will be of no use to me.

se guérir, v.r., to recover, to be cured, to heal, to be healed, to recover one’s health, to mend; to get rid, to be rid of. Se — de ses préventions; to get rid of one’s prejudices. Médecin, guéris-toi toi-même; physician, heal thyself.

guérir, v.n., to heal, to heal up; to recover, to be cured; to get rid, to be rid. On ne guérit point de la peur; fear admits of no cure.

guérison (ghé-), n.f., recovery, healing, cure. Il lui doit sa —; he owes his recovery to him.

guérissable, adj., curable.

guérisseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., (b.s.) healer, curer.

guérite (ghé-), n.f., sentry-box; turret, watch-tower. Gagner la —; to take to one’s heels, to make off.

guerre (ghèr), n.f., war; warfare; strife, dissension, contest. — à mort; war to the knife. — de plume; paper warfare. Vaisseau de —; man-of-war. Petite —; sham fight; war on a small scale. Cri de —; war-cry. Foudre de —; great warrior or general. Gens de —; military men. Place de —; fortified town, fortress. Nom de —; nickname; assumed name. Aller à la petite —; to go out pillaging. Faire la — avec; to serve with, to be a fellow-soldier. Faire la — à ses passions; to struggle against one’s passions. Faire la — à; to be at war with. Il lui en fit la —; he found fault with him for it. Faire la — à l’œil; to be on the look-out for opportunities. Faire bonne — à quelqu’un; to deal fairly with any one. De bonne —; by fair play, by fair means. À la — comme à la —; one must take things as they come. Qui terre a, — a; much coin, much care. Moitié —, moitié marchandise; armed (of ships); (fig.) half-willingly, half-compulsorily. Faire une chose de — lasse; to do a thing against one’s will, after long resistance. En —; at variance.

guerri-er, -ère, n. and adj., warrior; female warrior; warlike; martial.

guerroyant, -e, adj., martial, combative, pugnacious.

guerroyer, v.n., to make war, to wage war, to war.

guerroyeur, n.m., man fond of fighting.

guet (ghè), n.m., watch; watching; sentinel. — de nuit; patrol, night-watch. Mot du —; watchword. Maison du —; round-house. Crier au —; to call the watch. Être au —, avoir l’œil au —, l’oreille au —; to be on the watch, to be on the look-out. Ce chien est de très bon —; this is a very good watch-dog. Se donner le mot du —; to act in concert. Faire le —; to watch, to keep watch; to look out, to be on the look-out. Au —; on the watch, on the look-out.

guet-apens (ghè-ta-pān), n.m., (—s-—) ambush, ambuscade; willful injury; lying in wait. De —; by lying in wait. Dresser un — à; to waylay.

guêtre (ghê-tr), n.f., gaiter. Grande —; legging. Tirer ses —s; to run away; to hook it. Laisser ses —s quelque part; to leave one’s bones somewhere.

guêtré, -e, adj., gaitered.

guêtrer, v.a., to put on gaiters, to gaiter.

se guêtrer, v.r., to put on one’s gaiters.

guêtrier, n.m., gaiter-maker.

guetter (ghé-té), v.a., to lie in wait for, to watch for, to be upon the watch for; to dog the footsteps of, to watch; to wait for, to await.

guetteur, n.m., (nav.) signal-man, lookout-man.

gueulard (gheu-lar), n.m., furnace-mouth; gully-hole.

gueulard, n.m., -e, n.f., (pop.) brawler, bawler; glutton. adj., (of horses) hard-mouthed.

gueule (gheul), n.f., mouth (of an animal); jaws, chops. — renversée; (arch.) ogive. À — dépourvue de dents; (ich.) leather-mouthed. En —; (bot.) labiated. La — d’un chien; the mouth of a dog. — de canon; muzzle of a gun. La — d’un sac; the mouth of a sack. Mettre quelqu’un à la — du loup; to put any one in the clutches of his enemy. — fraîche; (triv.) person always ready to eat. Homme fort en —; (triv.) abusive man; great gabbler. Femme trop forte en —; (triv.) ill-tongued woman. Fine —; (fam.) epicure, judge of good living. Il n’a que de la —; (triv.) he is all talk. Donner sur la — à quelqu’un; (triv.) to give any one a dressing. Il est venu la — enfarinée; (triv.) he came blundering and full of confidence. Il a la — pavée; (triv.) his throat must be paved. Il a la — morte; (triv.) he is down in the mouth.

gueule-de-loup, n.f., cowl, chimney cowl; (—s-—) (bot.) snapdragon, calf’s snout.

gueulée, n.f., (l.ex.) large mouthful; indecent expression.

gueuler (gheu-lé), v.n., (pop.) to bawl, to squall, to clamor, to mouth.

gueuler, v.a., (hunt.) to take up, to seize.

gueules, n.m., (her.) gules. Porter des —; to bear gules.

*gueusaille (gheu-), n.f., parcel of beggars, low set, rabble, riffraff.

gueusailler, v.n., to beg, to loaf, to go begging.

gueusant, -e (gheu-), adj., begging, mumping.

gueusard, n.m., beggar, scoundrel, blackguard, ragamuffin, loafer.

gueuse (gheuz), n.f., pig-iron; beggar; bad woman, wench, hussy.

gueuser, v.a. and n., (fam.) to beg; to clamour for. — des encens; to clamour after praise.

gueuserie (gheû-zrî), n.f., beggary, beggarliness; trash; poverty, mendicity, villainy.

gueuset, n.m., pig-iron.

gueu-x, -se, adj., poor, beggarly, wretched, destitute. — comme un rat d’église; as poor as a church-mouse.

gueux, n.m., beggar; knave, rascal, ragamuffin, scoundrel. Tas de —; pack of scoundrels. — revêtu; upstart, beggar on horseback.

gui (ghi), n.m., mistletoe; (nav.) main-boom (of a sloop, of a brig).

guibre (ghi-br), n.f., (nav.) cut-water.

guichet (ghi-shè), n.m., wicket; grating; door; shutter, small window. À remettre au —; to be handed in over the counter.

guichetier (ghish-tié), n.m., turnkey.

guide (ghid), n.m., guide; guide-book; text-book; (milit.) fugleman.

guide, n.f., rein (of a bridle). Conduire à grandes —s; to drive four-in-hand. Mener la vie à grandes —s; to live in grand style, a very fast life.

guide-âne, n.m., (—, or —-—s) guide-book.

guide-chaîne, n.m., (—, or —-—s) (horl.) guard, ratchet.

guide-main, n.m., (—, or —-—s) (of the piano-forte) chiroplast, hand-guide.

guider (ghi-dé), v.a., to guide, to lead, to conduct; to direct; to actuate; (nav.) to steer.

guidon (ghi-), n.m., (milit.) field-colors, guidon; (of fire-arms) sight; (of writings) reference, marks; (nav.) broad pendant; (mus.) direction; handle-bar. — de renvoi; reference.

guifette (ghi-), n.f., (orni.) sea-swallow.

*guignard (ghi-), n.m., (orni.) dotterel.

*guigne (ghi-), n.f., black-heart cherry; (fam. and fig.) ill-luck.

guigner (ghi-), v.a., (fam.) to wink at, to ogle, to peer at; to covet; to peep at; to have in view, to have a design upon. — une charge; to have an eye to some post.

*guigner, v.n., to leer, to peer, to ogle.

*guignette (ghi-), n.f., (orni.) common sand-piper.

*guignier (ghi-), n.m., black-heart cherry-tree.

guignol, n.m., puppet-show; Punch and Judy show.

*guignon (ghi-), n.m., (fam.) bad luck, ill-luck. Avoir du —; to be unlucky. Être en —; to have a run of ill-luck.

guignonnant, -e, adj., provoking.

guigue (gig), n.f., (nav.) gig.

*guildive (ghi-), n.f., (l.u.) tafia, rum.

*guillage (ghi-), n.m., working, fermentation (of beer).

*guillaume (ghi-), n.m., rabbet plane.

*guilledin (ghi-), n.m., gelding.

*guilledou (ghi-), n.m., (pop.) places of ill-fame. Courir le —; to frequent places of ill-fame.

*guillemet (ghi-), n.m., (print.) inverted comma.

*guillemeter, v.a., to put between inverted commas.

*guillemot (ghi-), n.m., (orni.) guillemot.

guiller, v.n., to work, to ferment (of beer).

*guilleret, -te (ghi-), adj., sprightly, gay, lively, dapper. Il a l’air —; he has a sprightly air.

*guilleri (ghi-), n.m., chirping (of sparrows).

guillet, n.m., tip cat (game).

*guillocher (ghi-), v.a., (arch.) to engine-turn.

*guillochis (ghi-), n.m., (arch.) engine-turning.

*guillotine (ghi-), n.f., guillotine.

*guillotiné, n.m., -e, n.f., person guillotined; executed.

*guillotinement, n.m., guillotining.

*guillotiner, v.a., to guillotine, to behead.

guimauve (ghi-), n.f., marsh-mallow.

*guimaux (ghi-), n.m.pl., meadows mowed twice a year.

guimbarde (ghin-), n.f., wagon, van; jew’s-harp; rickety old coach.

guimpe (ghinp), n.f., stomacher, chemisette; veil (for nuns).

guinard, n.m., (ich.) red gurnet.

guindage (ghin-), n.m., (nav.) hoisting.

guindant (ghin-), n.m., (nav.) hoist (of flags).

guinde, n.f., guinda, guindeau, n.m., (nav.) windlass, hoist.

guindé, -e, part., stiff, strained, forced, unnatural; (of style) stilted, formal. Cet homme est toujours —; that man is always as stiff as a poker.

guinder (ghin-dé), v.a., to hoist, to strain, to force; (nav.) to hoist up (masts); (of style) to strain, to force.

se guinder, v.r., to be strained; to be forced, to bridle up.

guinderesse (ghin-drès), n.f., (nav.) top-rope.

guinderie (ghin-drî), n.f., constraint, stiffness.

guinée (ghi-), n.f., guinea; long cloth.

guingan (ghin-), n.m., gingham.

guingois (ghin-ghoa), n.m., crookedness. De —; awry, cross-grained. Marcher tout de —; to walk crookedly. Avoir l’esprit de —; to be cross-grained.

guinguette (ghin-ghèt), n.f., road-side inn; tea-garden.

guiorant, -e, adj., squeaking.

guiorer (ghi-), v.n., (of mice) to squeak.

guipon (ghi-), n.m., (nav.) mop.

guipure (ghi-), n.f., guipure-lace.

guirlande (ghir-), n.f., garland, wreath; girdle (of jewels); (arch.) belt (of a column).

guise (ghiz), n.f., manner, way; fancy, humor. En — de; by way of. Chacun vit à sa —; everybody lives as he likes. Faire à sa —; to do as one likes; to have one’s own way.

guitardin (ghi-), n.m., (bot.) fiddle-wood.

guitare (ghi-), n.f., guitar. Jouer, pincer, de la —; to play the guitar.

guitariste, n.m.f., guitarist, guitar-player.

guiterne (ghi-), n.f., (nav.) prop.

guit-guit (ghi-ghi), n.m., (—s-—s) a variety of humming-birds.

guiton (ghi-), n.m., (nav.) dog-watch.

guivre, n.f. V. givre.

gulf-stream, n.m., (n.p.) (geog.) Gulf-Stream.

gumène, n.f., (her.) cable (of an anchor).

gustatif, adj.m., (anat.) (of nerves) gustatory, hypoglossal.

gustation, n.f., tasting, gustation.

gutta-percha (-ka), n.f., (n.p.) gutta-percha.

gutte. V. gomme.

guttier, n.m., (bot.) gamboge-tree.

guttifères, n.m.pl., (bot.) guttiferæ.

guttiforme, adj., drop-shaped.

guttural, -e (gut-tu-), adj., guttural.

gutturale, n.f., guttural.

gymnase (jim-nâz), n.m., gymnasium.

gymnaste, n.m., gymnast.

gymnastique, n.f., gymnastics.

gymnastique, adj., gymnastic.

gymnique, adj., gymnic.

gymnique, n.f., gymnic.

gymnosophiste, n.m., gymnosophist.

gymnosperme, adj., (bot.) gymnospermous.

gymnospermie, n.f., (bot.) gymnospermia.

gymnote, n.m., gymnotus. — électrique; electric eel.

gynandre, adj., (bot.) gynandrous.

gynandrie, n.f., (bot.) gynandria.

gynécée, n.m., women’s apartment, gyneceum, gynæceum.

gynécocratie (-ci), n.f., gynæcocracy, petticoat government.

gynécocratique, adj., of a gynæcocracy.

gypaète, n.m., (orni.) griffin, bearded vulture, lammergeier.

gypse, n.m., gypsum, parget; plaster of Paris.

gypseu-x, -se, adj., gypseous.

gyratoire, adj. V. giratoire.

gyromancie, n.f., gyromancy.

gyroselle, n.f., (bot.) Virginian cowslip.

gyrovague, n.m., wandering monk; tramp.