Heath's French and English dictionary

by Jean Louis de Lolme

R

r (èr), n.f., (re), n.m., the eighteenth letter of the alphabet, r.

rabâchage, n.m., tautology; tiresome repetition; rigmarole.

rabâcher, v.n. and a., (fam.) to make tiresome repetitions, to repeat the same thing over and over again.

rabâcherie (-bâ-shrî), n.f., eternal repetition.

rabâcheu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., eternal repeater; twaddler.

rabais, n.m., abatement, reduction, diminution; reduced price, allowance, fall; lowest tender. Vendre, donner, au —; to sell at reduced prices. Être au —; to have fallen in price. Il les a pris au —; he has taken them by contract. Vente au —; selling off, sale.

rabaissement (-bès-mān), n.m., fall, depreciation, diminution in value; (fig.) humiliation, contempt.

rabaisser, v.a., to lower; to abate, to diminish, to lessen; to depreciate, to humble; to disparage; to bring down, to put down. — sa voix; to lower one’s voice. — les monnaies; to depreciate the coin. — les taxes; to lower the taxes. — l’orgueil de quelqu’un; to humble any one’s pride.

raban, n.m., (nav.) rope-band, gasket, knittle.

rabanner, v.a., (nav.) to fit a sail with rope-bands and earings.

rabat, n.m., band (for the neck), bands; end of the roof (of a tennis-court); beating about (for game).

rabat-joie, n.m., (—) damper, wet blanket, mar-joy, spoil-sport. C’est un —; he is a regular wet blanket, or spoil-sport.

rabattage, n.m., cutting down, pressing down.

rabattre, v.a., to bring down, to lower, to beat down, to pull or cut down, to turn or press down, to lay; to abate, to diminish, to deduct; to humble; to revoke. Le vent rabat la fumée; the wind beats down the smoke. — un coup; to ward off a blow. Il n’en veut rien —; he won’t abate an inch of it, he won’t come down a peg. — l’orgueil de quelqu’un; to bring down or lower any one’s pride. — le gibier; to beat up the game. En —; to take off; (fig.) to come down a peg or two. — le caquet à quelqu’un; to take any one down a peg.

se rabattre, v.r., to beat down; to turn off, to change one’s road; to fall back upon, to come down, to lower one’s pretensions; to limit one’s self.

rabattre, v.n., to turn under; to turn off; to change (one’s) direction or route.

rabattue, n.f., (nav.) drift-rail.

rabbaniste, n.m. V. rabbiniste.

rabbi or rabbin, n.m., rabbi, rabbin. Grand —; chief rabbi.

rabbinage, n.m., rabbinism.

rabbinique, adj., rabbinical.

rabbinisme, n.m., rabbinism.

rabbiniste or rabbaniste, n.m., rabbinist.

rabdologie, n.f., rhabdology.

rabdomancie or ☉rabdomance, n.f., rhabdomancy.

rabes, n.f.pl., hard roe (of cod).

rabêtir, v.a. and n., to stupefy; to make dull, or stupid; to grow dull, or stupid.

rabette, n.f., rape; rape-seed.

rabiole, n.f. V. rave.

rabique or rabeique, adj., (med.) hydrophobic; of rabies, rabid.

râble, n.m., back of a hare, or rabbit; (tech.) rake, poker, stirrer; (b.s.) back (of a person).

râbler, v.a., to rake, to poke, to scrape.

râblu, -e, adj., thick-backed (of a hare, or rabbit); (pers.) broad-backed, strong-backed; (fig.) hardy, vigorous.

râblure, n.f., (nav.) rabbet, channel. — de la quille; rabbet of the keel.

se rabonnir, v.r., to improve.

rabot, n.m., plane; beater (to move lime); road-scraper. Passer le — sur; to plane, to polish.

rabotage, n.m., (carp.) planing.

raboter, v.a. and n., to plane, to smooth with a plane; to polish.

raboteur, n.m., planer, molding-worker.

raboteu-x, -se, adj., knotty, rough; rugged, cragged, craggy; uneven, (fig.) harsh, jagged (of style). Un chemin —; an uneven road.

rabougri, -e, part., stunted. Un petit homme —; a small, stunted fellow or man.

rabougrir, v.a., to stunt.

se rabougrir, v.r., to become, or grow, stunted.

*rabouillère, n.f., rabbit’s nest, or hole; (fig.) corner, spot (in Rabelais).

raboutir, v.a., to piece, to join end to end, to join on.

rabrouer, v.a., to snub, to pull up short; to chide, to rebuke.

rabroueu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., snappish person, scold.

racage, n.m., (nav.) parrel. Pommes de —; trucks of a parrel. Bigots de —; ribs of a parrel. Bâtard de —; parrel-rope. Drosse de —; parrel-truss.

racahout, n.m., (n.p.) racahout (a nutritious fecula).

*racaille, n.f., rabble, riffraff; rubbish, trash.

racambeau, n.m., (nav.) traveler, jib-iron.

racastillage, n.m., (nav.) repair of the upper works.

racastiller, v.a., to repair the upper works (of a vessel).

raccommodage, n.m., mending, repairing, darning.

raccommodement (-mod-mān), n.m., reconciliation, reconcilement.

raccommoder, v.a., to mend, to repair; to piece, to patch, to botch; to adjust, to set right; to improve, to correct; to reconcile, to make friends again; to darn. Faire — quelque chose; to have anything mended. On les a raccommodés; they have been reconciled.

se raccommoder, v.r., to be mended; (of persons) to be reconciled; to make it up again. Le mari et la femme se sont raccommodés; the husband and wife are friends again, or have made it up again.

raccommodeu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., mender, patcher.

raccord, n.m., joining, fitting, junction; union; piece, patch.

raccordement, n.m., (arch.) leveling; union, junction; mending, patching.

raccorder, v.a., to join, to unite, to adjust, to connect, to level; to piece, to patch; (of instruments) to tune again.

raccourci, -e, part., shortened, abbreviated; too short. À bras —s; with might and main.

raccourci, n.m., epitome, abridgment, short cut; (paint.) foreshortening. En —; abridged, briefly; (persp.) foreshortened; (fig.) in miniature. Prendre au —; to take a short cut.

raccourcir, v.a., to shorten, to make shorter; to contract, to bend; to curtail; to abbreviate, to abridge; (persp.) to foreshorten.

se raccourcir, v.r., to shorten; to grow, or become, shorter; to contract one’s self; to shrink.

raccourcir, v.n., to shorten; to become shorter; to shrink, to contract.

raccourcissement (-sis-mān), n.m., shortening, contraction, curtailment, abridgment; shrinking; foreshortening.

raccours, n.m., shrinking.

raccoutrement, n.m., mending (of clothes).

raccoutrer, v.a., to mend, to sew up.

se raccoutumer, v.r., to reaccustom one’s self (to), to get used (to) again.

raccroc (ra-kro), n.m., chance, lucky hit; (at billiards) fluke. Coup de —; lucky stroke, fluke.

raccrocher, v.a., to hook again; to hang up again; to recover, to get again, to get hold of, to pick up. Raccrochez ce tableau; hang up this picture again. — son argent; to recover one’s money. Si je pouvais — cela! if I could only bring that off! Raccroché à Londres; (of persons) picked up in London.

se raccrocher, v.r., to cling; to adhere; to retrieve one’s losses, to recover one’s self; to catch, or snatch, at. Se — à une chose; to cling to anything.

raccrocher, v.n., to fluke. Il ne fait que —; he does nothing but fluke.

raccrocheuse, n.f., (pop.) street-walker.

race, n.f., race; stock, breed; family, line, ancestry; (agri.) variety. Un cheval de —; a thorough-bred horse. Ce chien est de bonne —; this dog is of a good breed, is pure-bred. Croiser les —s; to cross the breeds. — de vipères; generation of vipers. La — future; future ages. Les bons chiens chassent de —; it runs in the blood. Cette fille chasse de —; that girl is a flirt like her mother. Faire —; to breed.

rachat, n.m., repurchase, redemption, recovery, ransom. Vendre à faculté de —; to sell with power of redemption. — de bans; (marriage) license.

rachetable (rash-tabl), adj., redeemable.

racheter (rash-té), v.a., to buy back, to buy again, to repurchase; to ransom, to buy off, to redeem; to compensate, to make up for; to atone, to atone for. — une rente; to redeem an annuity. — les prisonniers; to ransom the prisoners. — ses vices par ses vertus; to atone for one’s vices by one’s virtues.

se racheter, v.r., to redeem one’s self; to be compensated, to be made up for.

racheu-x, -se, adj., knotty (of wood).

rachever (rash-vé), v.a., (pop.) to finish (anything begun).

rachidien, -ne (-in, -èn), adj., (anat.) spinal, vertebral.

rachis (ra-shis), n.m., (anat.) spinal, vertebral column, spine; (bot.) stalk.

rachitique, adj., (med.) rickety; (bot.) blighted, stunted, knotty.

rachitique, n.m.f., rickety person, person suffering from rickets.

rachitis (-tis), n.m., rachitis; rickets.

rachitisme, n.m., rachitis; rickets; (agri.) white blight.

racinage, n.m., esculent roots, root-crops; (dy.) walnut dye (of walnut peel).

racinal, n.m., (carp.) beam, sleeper; sole; sill.

racine, n.f., root; (fig.) beginning, principle, origin. Fruits pendants par les —s; standing crops. — carrée; (arith.) square root. — cubique; cube root. Prendre —; to take root.

raciner, v.n., to strike root.

raciner, v.a., to dye with roots, to root-figure.

racinien, -ne, adj., Racinian, of or after Racine.

rack, n.m., arrack, rack (liquor). V. arack.

râclage, n.m., scraping, thinning.

râcle, n.f., (nav.) scraper (used to clean a ship’s side, deck, etc.).

râcle-boyau, n.m., (—) catgut-scraper, fiddler.

râclée, n.f., scraping; (pop.) beating, drubbing, whacking, thrashing, hiding.

râcler, v.a., to scrape, to scrape off; to strike (a measure); to strum, to thrum. — le boyau; to scrape the fiddle.

râcleur, n.m., catgut-scraper; strummer (on the piano, etc.).

râcloir, n.m., scraper, road-scraper.

râcloire, n.f., strike (of measures).

râclon, n.m., scraped-mud (for manure).

râclure, n.f., scrapings.

racolage, n.m., recruiting, enlisting, crimping, impressing.

racoler, v.a., to entice men to enlist, to crimp, to enlist; (fig.) to pick up.

racoleur, n.m., crimp; recruiting sergeant.

racontable, adj., relatable.

racontage or racontar, n.m., gossip, tittle-tattle, idle tales.

raconter, v.a., to relate, to tell, to narrate, to recount.

raconteu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., relater, story-teller, narrator.

racornir, v.a., to make as hard as horn; to make hard, to harden; to dry up, to shrivel, to shrivel up.

se racornir, v.r., to grow hard, to harden; to shrivel, to shrivel up, to dry up.

racornissement (-nis-mān), n.m., hardening, shriveling, drying up.

racquit, n.m., winning back.

racquitter, v.a., to win back again; to indemnify, to recoup.

se racquitter, v.r., to win back again; to retrieve one’s losses, to recoup one’s self.

rade, n.f., (nav.) roads, roadstead. — foraine; open roadstead. Grande —; outer roads. Petite —; inner roads. Vaisseau en —; roadster. Aller en —; to go into the roads.

radeau, n.m., raft.

rader, v.a., (nav.) to anchor in a roadstead; to strike (a measure). — un vaisseau; to anchor a ship in a roadstead.

radeur, n.m., salt-measurer.

radiaire, n.m. and adj., (zoöl.) radiary; radiated. —s; radiata.

radial, -e, adj., (anat., geom.) radial.

radiance, n.f., radiance, radiancy; luster.

radiant, -e, adj., radiant.

radiation, n.f., radiation, irradiation; obliteration, erasure, crossing out, striking out.

radical, -e, adj., radical.

radical, n.m., radical; root.

radicalement (-kal-mān), adv., radically.

radicalisme, n.m., radicalism.

radicant, -e, adj., (bot.) radicant.

radication, n.f., radication.

radicelle, n.f., (bot.) radicle.

radicule, n.f., (bot.) radicle.

radié, -e, adj., (bot.) radiant, radiated, stellated; (her.) radiant.

radier, n.m., (arch.) inverted arch; floor (of a lock on a canal); apron (of docks, of basins); radish-plate.

radier, v.a., to strike out, to cross out.

radieu-x, -se, adj., radiant, beaming, shining, blazing.

radiomètre, n.m., (astron.) radiometer.

radis, n.m., radish.

radius (-us), n.m., (anat.) radius.

radoire, n.f., strike (of measures).

radotage, n.m., nonsense, idle talk, drivel; dotage.

radoter, v.n., to rave, to dote, to talk idly, to wander, to talk drivel.

radoterie (ra-do-trî), n.f. V. radotage.

radoteu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., dotard, driveler. Vieille —se; trifling old woman.

radoub (-doob), n.m., (nav.) repair, refitting of a ship, graving. Cale de —; graving slip. Forme de —; graving dock. Vaisseau en —; ship undergoing repairs. Mettre au —; to lay up (a vessel).

radouber, v.a., (nav.) to refit, to repair, to recalk.

se radouber, v.r., (nav.) to be repaired.

radoubeur, n.m., (nav.) calker.

radouci, part. adj., softened, subdued.

radoucir, v.a., to soften, to make milder, to appease, to pacify, to mitigate, to allay.

se radoucir, v.r., to soften, to grow milder, to become milder, to get milder; to grow soft, to become soft, to get soft; to subside, to be appeased, to be pacified; to relent, to relax, to soften down. Le temps se radoucit; it is getting milder or better weather.

radoucissement (-sis-mān), n.m., softening, getting milder (of the weather); mitigation, allaying, appeasement, improvement.

rafale, n.f., (nav.) squall.

rafalé, adj., caught in a squall; (pop. & fig.) hard up, up a tree.

raffe, n.f. V. rafle.

raffermir, v.a., to harden, to make firm; to fasten; to establish, to confirm, to settle, to secure, to fortify, to strengthen. Cet événement raffermit son autorité; that event strengthened his authority. — le courage de quelqu’un; to give heart to any one.

se raffermir, v.r., to grow stronger, to gather strength; to be established, to become established, to consolidate; to be confirmed, to become confirmed; to improve. Sa santé se raffermit; his health is improving.

raffermissement (-mis-mān), n.m., hardening, strengthening; confirmation, establishment, fastening, securing, consolidation, improvement.

raffinade, n.f., best refined sugar.

raffinage, n.m., refining.

raffiné, n.m., fashionable rake.

raffiné, -e, adj., refined, delicate; keen, sharp, subtle, clever, consummate.

raffinement (ra-fi-n-mān), n.m., refinement, affected nicety.

raffiner, v.a., to refine.

se raffiner, v.r., to refine, to be refined, to become refined.

raffiner, v.n., to refine. — sur le point d’honneur; to be over-nice upon the point of honor.

raffinerie (ra-fi-n-rî), n.f., refinery; sugar-refinery, refining.

raffineur, n.m., refiner. — de sucre; sugar-refiner, sugar-baker.

raffoler, v.n., to dote (upon), to be passionately fond (of), to be distractedly in love (with). Il raffole de cette femme; he is madly in love, or infatuated, with that woman.

raffolir, v.n., (l.u.) to become mad, to go mad. V. affoler.

rafistolage, n.m., patching up, mending.

rafistoler, v.a., (fam.) to mend clothes, to patch up, to make new.

rafle, raffe, or râpe, n.f., grape-stalk stripped of all its fruit; (dice) pair-royal. Faire —; (fam.) to sweep off the stakes; to sweep off everything, to make a clean sweep.

rafler, v.a., (fam.) to sweep away, to sweep off, to carry off.

☉raflouer, v.a., (nav.). V. renflouer.

rafraîchir, v.a., to cool; to refresh, to restore, to invigorate, to repair, to recruit, to renew, to freshen, to freshen up, to renovate, to rub up, to crop, to cut, to trim (cut the ends of); (milit.) to relieve; to rest. — du vin; to cool wine. — le sang; to refresh the blood. — un tableau; to clean up, or freshen up, a picture. — une tapisserie; to restore a piece of tapestry. — les cheveux; to clip the hair. — la mémoire; to refresh one’s memory. — une muraille; to repair a wall. — une place; to supply a garrison with fresh men and provisions. Ces troupes sont fatiguées, il faut les mettre dans de bons quartiers pour les —; these troops are worn out, they must be sent into good quarters to rest. — la mémoire à quelqu’un; to remind any one of a thing.

se rafraîchir, v.r., to cool, to grow cool, to become cool; to take refreshment, to refresh one’s self; to be refreshed; to recruit one’s self; to recruit one’s strength, to rest one’s self. Venez vous rafraîchir; come and take some refreshment. Le vent se rafraîchit; the wind is freshening.

rafraîchir, v.n., to cool, to become cool; to be refreshing.

rafraîchissant, -e, adj., cooling, refreshing, refrigerative.

rafraîchissant, n.m., (med.) cooling medicine.

rafraîchissement (-shis-mān), n.m., cooling; cooling effect. pl., refreshments; provisions, supplies. Faire les —s; (nav.) to take in fresh provisions.

rafraîchisseur, adj., cooling, refrigerative.

rafraîchissoir, n.m., cooler, refrigerator.

*ragaillardir, v.a., to make merry, to render merry, to render cheerful, to enliven, to cheer, to cheer up, to give a fillip to.

rage, n.f., (med.) rage, fury, incensement; mania; rabies, hydrophobia, canine madness, mania, inveterate habit. Ecumer de —; to foam with rage. Avoir la —; to be mad (of animals). — de dents; violent tooth-ache; (pop.) ravenous hunger. Il a la — d’écrire; he has a mania for writing, he will write at any price. Il l’aime à la —; he loves her to distraction. Il a la — du jeu; he has a passion for gambling. Faire —; to be quite or all the rage; to cause great disorder, great havoc; to do one’s utmost. Dire — de quelqu’un; to say all imaginable harm of any one. Quand on veut noyer son chien, on dit qu’il a la —; (prov.) give a dog a bad name and hang him.

rager, v.n., (fam.) to be in a passion; to sulk, to be angry, to fume.

rageu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., ill-tempered person; spitfire.

ragot, n.m., (hunt.) solitary wild boar; (fig.) silly talk, twaddle.

ragot, -e, adj., dumpy, thick and short; thick set; squat (animal).

ragoût, n.m., (cook.) ragout; stew; hash. Faire un —; to make a stew. En —; stewed.

ragoûtant, -e, adj., relishing, savory; inviting, tempting. Morceau —; tit-bit. Ce mets-là n’est guère —; that dish is not very tempting.

ragoûter, v.a., to restore the appetite; to quicken, to stimulate, to stir up.

se ragoûter, v.r., to recover one’s appetite.

ragrafer, v.a., to clasp again, to re-clasp, to hook again.

ragrandir, v.a., to enlarge again; to enlarge.

se ragrandir, v.r., to be enlarged again; to become larger.

ragréage, n.m., (nav.) refitting.

ragréer, v.a., (arch.) to finish, to finish off, to give the finishing touch to; to restore, to renovate, to do up; to repair; to pare again (trees), to prune; (nav.) to rig anew, to refit. — un ouvrage de menuiserie; to finish a piece of joiner’s work. — une branche d’arbre; to prune a branch of a tree.

se ragréer, v.r., (nav.) to be repaired; to obtain fresh rigging.

ragrément, n.m., finishing, finishing off; restoration, renovation, doing up; pruning, reparing (of trees); (nav.) refitting.

ragué (ra-ghé), adj., (nav.) chafed, rubbed, galled.

se raguer, v.r., (nav.) to chafe, to gall.

raguet, n.m., (pisc.) codling.

raïa, n.m., rajah, raja.

raide, adj., stiff, rigid; tight; inflexible, stern; tough; steep; swift, rapid; (nav.) taught. — de froid; stiff with cold. Peau —; tough skin. Montagne —; steep mountain. — comme une barre de fer; as stiff as a poker. Se tenir —; to stand stiff. Vol —; rapid flight. Le cours de la rivière est —; the current of the river is very swift. — comme balle; in no time, in a jiffy.

raide, adv., quickly, swiftly; vigorously; tightly; toughly.

raideur, n.f., stiffness, rigidity; inflexibility; tightness; toughness; steepness; swiftness, velocity.

*raidillon, n.m., ascent; hillock.

raidir, v.a., to stiffen, to render inflexible, to render rigid; to tighten; to toughen; (nav.) to haul taught.

se raidir, v.r., to stiffen; to become, to grow, to get stiff; to become inflexible, to get inflexible; to bear up against (fig.), to resist; to harden one’s self (against); to withstand; to bristle up; to toughen.

raidir, v.n., to stiffen; to become, to grow, to get, stiff; to tighten; to toughen.

raie, n.f., line, stroke; streak, stripe; (of hair) parting; (agri.) furrow; (ich.) ray, skate. À —s; striped. Faire sa —; to part one’s hair. Étoffe à —s; striped material. — bouclée; (ich.) thornback. — mobular; angel-fish.

raifort, n.m., (bot.) radian, horse-radish.

rail, n.m., (railways) rail. — mobile; switch-rail, point. — ondulé; fish-bellied rail. — à ornière; tram-rail. Distance des —s dans œuvre; gauge of way.

*railler, v.a., to banter, to jeer, to rally, to joke, to jest.

se railler, v.r., to jest, to joke, to mock, to make game of.

*railler, v.n., to jeer, to scoff; to joke, to jest, to laugh at. — de tout; to jeer at everything. Ne raillez pas davantage; no more of your jeering, jesting. Je ne raille pas; I am not joking.

*raillerie, n.f., raillery, bantering, jesting, jest, joke, banter, jeer, mockery. Tourner une chose en —; to turn anything into a jest. Entendre la —; to joke well, to be a good hand at a joke. Entendre —; to take a joke, to take a jest. C’est une — de croire que; it is ridiculous to think that. — à part, sans —; seriously, in good earnest, without joking. La — en est-elle? (fam.) is it a matter for jest, or joking?

railleu-r, -se, n. and adj., banterer, jeerer, joker, scoffer, jester; bantering, jeering, joking, jesting, scoffing, fond of raillery. D’un air —; sneeringly.

railway, n.m., railway.

rain, n.m., skirt (of a wood). V. lisière.

rainceau, n.m. V. rinceau.

raine, n.f., (local expr.) frog.

rainette, n.f., (erp.) tree-frog; (bot.) V. reinette.

rainure, n.f., groove; rabbet; furrow, slot-hole, quirk.

raiponce, n.f., (bot.) rampion, rampion bell-flower.

raire or réer, v.n., (hunt.) to bell, to croon.

rais, n.m., spoke (of a wheel); ☉beam, ray (of light); (her.) beam. — de cœur; (arch.) ogee.

raisin, n.m., grape, grapes. Une grappe de —; bunch of grapes. Un grain de —; a grape. Un pépin de —; a grapestone. — de Corinthe; (grocer’s) currants. Des —s secs; raisins. — d’Amérique; (bot.) poke-weed. — d’ours; bear’s whortleberry. — de renard; (bot.) herb-Paris, true-love. Grand —; royal (paper).

raisiné, n.m., pear, quince, and grape preserve.

raisinier, n.m., (bot.) grape-tree.

raison, n.f., reason, sense, judgment, rationality; satisfaction; proof, ground, matter, argument; motive; rate; consideration; justice, right, excuse, answer; (com.) firm; share; ratio; (jur.) claim. — sociale; firm; name of a firm, style. Sans —; groundless, groundlessly. —s d’état; state reasons. —s de famille; family reasons. Il n’a point de —; he lacks sense, he is deficient in sense. Mariage de —; prudent marriage, marriage for money. Parler —; to talk sense, to talk sensibly. Avoir —; to be right. Vous avez —; you are right. Donner — à quelqu’un; to decide in favor of any one, to side with any one. Plus que de —; more than is reasonable, more than one ought to. Entendre —; to listen to reason. Mettre quelqu’un à la —; to bring any one to reason, to settle any one. Comme de —; as it is fit, of course, naturally. Être de —; imaginary being, creation of the brain. Où force domine — n’a point lieu; where force holds sway, there’s no room for reason. Tirer — d’une injure; to obtain satisfaction for an injury. Se faire — soi-même; to do one’s self justice, to take the law into one’s own hands. Faire — à; to pledge. Faire — de; to give satisfaction for. Se faire une —; to be guided by reason. Se rendre à la —; to yield to reason. Rendre — de sa conduite; to give an account of one’s conduct. Ce n’est pas une —; that does not follow. Ne pas entendre —; not to listen to reason. Puissante —; powerful argument. — probable; probable proof. Point tant de —s; don’t argue so much! Grande —; great cause. Bonne —; good grounds. À plus forte —; with greater reason or force; a fortiori. — de plus; all the more reason. Pour — de quoi; for which cause, wherefore. Pour — à moi connue; for reasons best known to myself. À — de, en — de; in proportion to; according to; at the rate of. En — de; by reason of; in consideration of. A telle fin que de —; in case of need; according to circumstances; at all events; in any case. Sous la — de; (com.) under the style of. Sa — est d’un tiers; his interest (in the concern) stands at one third. Livre de —; ledger.

raisonnable, adj., rational, reasonable, thinking, sensible; conscionable, just, wise; proper, right; adequate; moderate; fair; tolerable. Pension —; adequate pension. Prix —; moderate price. Il est d’une taille —; he is moderately tall, or very fairly tall.

raisonnablement, adv., reasonably, sensibly, agreeably to reason, wisely, fairly, justly, rationally; moderately, pretty well; tolerably.

raisonné, -e, adj., rational, intelligent, supported by proof; analytical, studied, methodical, classified.

raisonnement (rè-zo-n-mān), n.m., reasoning; argument, ratiocination, answer. Faire des —s à perte de vue; to reason vaguely, to wander from the point. Point de —s; no answers; none of your answers.

raisonner, v.n., to reason, to argue, to discourse; to answer; to murmur; (nav.) to lie to, (in order to be searched). — faux or — à faux; to reason falsely. Faire — un vaisseau; (nav.) to compel a ship to speak another. V. arraisonner.

raisonner, v.a., to reason, to apply one’s reason to; to examine, to study, to consider; (nav.) to bring to and search.

se raisonner, v.r., to reason with one’s self; (of things) to be discussed, to be considered.

raisonneu-r, -se, n. and adj., reasoner, arguer; logician; impertinent answerer; impertinent, insolent; answering when reprimanded. Faire le —; to argue, to answer, to grumble.

rajah or raja, n.m., raja, rajah.

rajeunir, v.a., to make young; to make look younger, to give a young look; to restore to youth; to revive, to renew, to modernize, to prune, to lop (trees). — des meubles; to renew furniture.

se rajeunir, v.r., to make one’s self look younger.

rajeunir, v.n., to grow young again, to be restored to youth; to look young again.

rajeunissant, -e, adj., giving a youthful appearance to.

rajeunissement (-nis-mān), n.m., growing young again, making young again; rejuvenescence, restoration to youth; renewal, renovation.

rajouter, v.a., to add again or more.

rajustement, n.m., readjustment; putting or setting in order, repairing; (fig.) reconciliation.

rajuster, v.a., to readjust, to put to rights, to put or set in order again; to settle; to reconcile. — un habit; to arrange a coat. On les a rajustés; they have been reconciled.

se rajuster, v.r., to readjust one’s self, or one’s dress; to become reconciled.

râlant, -e, adj., in death’s throes; dying.

râle, n.m., (orni.) rail. — de genêts; land-rail.

râle, n.m., rattling in the throat. — de la mort; death-rattle.

râlement (râl-mān), n.m., rattling in the throat, death-rattle.

ralentir, v.a., to abate, to slacken; to lessen, to diminish, to moderate, to mitigate. — sa course; to slacken one’s pace.

se ralentir, v.r., to slacken; to abate, to relax, to diminish; to grow remiss, to flag, to cool.

ralentissement (-tis-mān), n.m., slackening, relenting, abatement, flagging, cooling.

râler, v.n., to have the death-rattle; to be in the throes of death.

ralingue (-lin-g), n.f., (nav.) bolt-rope (of a sail). — de fond; foot-rope. — de chute; leech-rope. — de têtière; head-rope. Mettre une voile en —; to let fly the sheets of a sail. Mets en —! let the sails shiver in the wind!

ralinguer (-ghé), v.a., (nav.) to sew the bolt-ropes to. — une voile; to sew the bolt-ropes to a sail.

ralinguer, v.n., (nav.) to let fly the sheets of a sail (loose to the wind); to fly loose to the wind (of sails); to shiver.

ralliement (-li-mān), n.m., rallying, rally. Mot de —; rallying-word or cry; countersign. Signe de —; rallying sign. Point de —; rallying-place.

rallier, v.a., to rally, to join, to get near. — le navire au vent; (nav.) to haul to the wind again; to bring the ship into the wind.

se rallier, v.r., to rally, to join forces.

rallonge, n.f., lengthening piece. — d’une table; leaf of a table.

rallongement (ra-lonj-mān), n.m., lengthening.

rallonger, v.a., to make longer, to lengthen.

rallumer, v.a., to relight, to light again; to rekindle, to kindle again, to light up anew, to revive.

se rallumer, v.r., to light again; to burst, to break out again; to rekindle.

ramadan or ramazan, n.m., (Mahometan religion) Ramadan (feast of).

ramadouer, v.a. V. amadouer.

ramage, n.m., flowers (on stuffs); flowering; singing, chirping, warbling (of birds); prattle, prattling; (of peas) sticking.

ramagé, -e, adj., flowered (of stuffs).

ramager, v.n., (l.u.) to warble (of birds).

ramaigrir, v.a. and n., to make lean, or thin, again; to grow thin again.

ramaigrissement, n.m., emaciation, leanness.

*ramaillage, n.m., scraping off the hair (of skins).

*ramailler, v.a., to scrape off the hair of skins (before they are shamoyed).

ramaire, adj., (bot.) rameous.

ramas, n.m., collection, heap; set, troop, lot, omnium-gatherum, scrapings, rakings, sweepings. Un — de bandits; (fam.) a set of robbers.

ramasse, n.f., sledge (used on mountains).

ramassé, -e, adj., thick-set; squat; huddled up, gathered up; compact; (bot.) clustered. Corps —; thick-set body. Taille —e; squat figure.

ramasser, n.m., (l.u.) picking up. Cela ne vaut pas le —; (prov., fam.) that is not worth picking up, or (fig.) not worth troubling about.

ramasser, v.a., to collect, to gather, to get together, to rake together; to assemble; to pick up, to take up; (pop.) to belabor; to draw in (a mountain sledge). — toutes ses forces; to muster all one’s troops.

se ramasser, v.r., to assemble, to gather together; to be assembled; to roll itself up (animal); to pick one’s self up, to get up again, to be huddled up; to gather up one’s limbs.

ramasseur, n.m., gatherer, collector; mountain sledge-driver.

ramassis, n.m. V. ramas.

ramazan, n.m. V. ramadan.

rambour, n.m., a kind of apple.

rame, n.f., oar; ream (of paper); (hort.) stick, prop; stick (for peas); (manu.) tenter-frame. Être, or tirer, à la —; to tug at the oar; to work hard. Mettre un livre à la —; to sell a book for waste-paper. À la —; rowing. Aller à la —; to row.

ramé, -e, adj., branched (of peas), propped (of plants); bar, double-head (of shot); (hunt.) (of a young stag) horned. Balles —es; double shot. Boulets —s; bar-shot.

rameau, n.m., bough, branch (of a tree); branch, subdivision; (anat.) branch. Le dimanche, le jour, des —x; Palm-Sunday.

ramée, n.f., green boughs, green arbor, branches with their leaves, bower, cover.

ramenable, adj., reclaimable.

ramendable, adj., (tech.) mendable.

ramendage, n.m., (tech.) mending (gilt).

ramender, v.a., to lower the price of provisions (pop.); (agri.) to manure again; to mend (gilding); to dye again.

ramender, v.n., (pop.) to fall in price (of provisions).

ramener, v.a., to bring again; to bring back; to throw again (dice); to retrieve; to restore to health; to reclaim; (man.) to lower its head; to recall; to pacify, to bring over. — une vieille mode; to revive an old fashion. — quelqu’un à son devoir; to bring any one back to his duty. — à la maison; to bring home.

se ramener, v.r., (man.) to carry its head. Se — bien; to carry its head well.

ramequin (ram-kīn), n.m., (cook.) ramekin, cheese-cake.

ramer, v.n., to row, to pull; (tech.) to tenter; to tug at the oar; to work hard.

ramer, v.a., to stick peas; to prop plants.

se ramer, v.r., to be propped.

ramereau (ra-mrô), n.m., young ringdove.

ramette, n.f., (print.) job-case, packet (of note paper).

rameur, n.m., rower, oarsman.

rameu-x, -se, adj., branching, branchy, ramous. Tige —se; branchy stalk.

ramier, n.m., ringdove, wood-pigeon.

ramière, n.f., row, or bower, of trees or shrubs.

ramification, n.f., ramification, branch.

se ramifier, v.r., to ramify, to separate into branches, to branch out, to extend.

*ramilles, n.f.pl., twigs; chatwood.

raminagrobis, n.m., grimalkin.

ramingue (ra-mīn-gh), adj., (man.) restive; jibbing.

ramoitir, v.a., to moisten, to make damp.

se ramoitir, v.r., to become damp.

ramollir, v.a., to soften, to make soft; (fig.) to enervate. — les cuirs, to soak the hides.

se ramollir, v.r., to soften, to grow soft; (fig.) to relent.

ramollissant, -e, adj., (med.) softening, emollient.

ramollissant, n.m., (med.) emollient.

ramollissement (-lis-mān), n.m., softening. — du cerveau; softening of the brain.

ramon, n.m., garden-broom, besom; sweep’s apparatus.

ramonage, n.m., sweeping (of a chimney).

ramoner, v.a., to sweep (a chimney).

ramoneur, n.m., chimney-sweeper, sweep.

rampant, -e, adj., creeping, crawling; (fig.) cringing, crouching, servile; (her.) rampant. Lierre —; creeping-ivy.

rampant, n.m., (arch.) coping.

rampe, n.f., flight of stairs; stairs; handrail, baluster; slope, incline, gradient; (fig.) stage; (thea.) foot-lamps, foot-lights; (engineering) inclined plane.

rampement (rānp-mān), n.m., creeping, crawling (reptiles).

ramper, v.n., to creep, to crawl; (fig.) to crouch, to cringe, to truckle, to grovel. Son style rampe; his style is low, flat, prosy.

rampin, adj.m. V. pinçard.

rampiste, n.m., baluster-maker.

ramure, n.f., branches, boughs, antlers (of a stag).

rancart, n.m., (fam.) refuse, waste. Mettre au —; to throw aside, to cast off, to lay aside, to do away with; (fig.) to put on the shelf.

rance, adj., rancid, rank, rusty.

rance, n.m., rancidness. Sentir le —; to smell rancid.

rancette, n.f., sheet-iron (for stove pipes).

ranche, n.f., round of a rack-ladder; rack (of a crane); peg.

rancher, n.m., rack-ladder; roost-ladder.

ranci, -e, adj., grown rancid; rank.

rancidité or rancissure, n.f., rancidness, rancidity.

se rancir, v.r., to grow rancid.

rancissure, n.f. V. rancidité.

rançon, n.f., ransom. Mettre à —; to demand, or exact, ransom of.

rançonnement (-so-n-mān), n.m., ransoming, exaction, extortion.

rançonner, v.a., to ransom; to set a ransom upon; to levy contributions, to tax; (fig.) to impose upon; to fleece.

rançonneu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., (fam. l.u.) extortioner.

rancune, n.f., rancor, spite, grudge, ill-feeling, malice. Vieille —; old grudge. Il lui garde —; he owes him a grudge. Sans —; without ill-feeling.

rancuni-er, -ère, adj., rancorous, spiteful.

randonnée, n.f., (hunt.) round, circuit, doubling (of game); ☉(fig.) long walk.

rang (ran), n.m., row, line, range; rank (degree, station); order; class; rate (of ships); (print.) frame; (nav.) tier (of cables); tier (of boxes in theaters). Dernier —; lowest rank. Au même —; in the same row. À son —; in one’s turn. De premier —; first rate. Occuper un — élevé; to rank high. Tenir un —; to hold a rank, to make a figure. Se mettre sur les —s; to enter the lists, to come forward (as a candidate); to put up (for); to stand (for). Être sur les —s; to be a candidate (for). Il aspire au premier —; he aspires to the first place. Mettre au — de ses amis; to reckon amongst one’s friends. Tel qui brille au second — s’éclipse au premier; a good subordinate often makes a bad leader. En — d’oignon; (prov.) in a row. V. oignon.

rangé, -e, part., steady; pitched (of battles). Bataille —e; pitched battle. En bataille —e; in a pitched battle. Un homme —; a steady man.

rangée, n.f., row, range, file, line, tier, set.

rangement, n.m., arranging, putting in order, binning (wine).

ranger, v.a., to range, to put in ranks, to arrange; to put, to set, in order; to set to rights; to subdue, to subject; to rank; to reckon; to keep back; to put out of the way; to bin (wine); (nav.) to sail close to; (milit.) to draw up (soldiers). — des gens deux à deux; to place people in double file. — des livres; to set books in order. — une armée en bataille; to draw up an army in battle array. Les gardes firent — le peuple; the guards kept the people back. Rangez cette table; put that table back, out of the way. — la terre, la côte; (nav.) to hug the shore. — le vent; (nav.) to haul close to the wind.

se ranger, v.r., to make room, to make way (for), to draw back, to step aside, to stand aside, to clear the way, to get out of the way; to reform, to take to regular habits; to draw up (of carriages, of troops); to fall in (of soldiers); to veer (of the wind). Il se rangea dans un coin; he drew aside into a corner. Rangez-vous donc! make room, will you! Les troupes se rangèrent en bataille; the troops drew up in order of battle. Se — à l’avis de quelqu’un; to come over (to), or fall in (with), another’s opinion. Se — du parti de quelqu’un; to go over to a person’s side. Il s’est rangé; he has settled down (after sowing his wild oats). Le vent se range à l’arrière; (nav.) the wind is veering aft.

rangette, n.f., sheet-iron.

rangeur, n.m., binner (of wine).

ranimer, v.a., to restore, to revive, to animate; to reanimate; to stir up; to enliven; to cheer up. — les couleurs d’un tableau; to revive the colors of a picture. Le printemps ranime toute la nature; the spring revives all nature.

se ranimer, v.r., to revive, to recover, to be restored to health; to brighten up, to be enlivened; to cheer up. La nature se ranime; nature revives.

ranule or grenouillette, n.f., (med.) ranula.

ranz, n.m., ranz, air, tune. — des vaches; song of the Swiss neatherds.

raout, n.m., rout, party.

rapace, adj., rapacious; (metal.) wasting.

rapace, n.m., rapacious person; rapacious bird. pl., (orni.) birds of prey.

rapacement, adv., rapaciously.

rapacité, n.f., rapacity, rapaciousness.

râpage, n.m., rasping, grating.

rapaisement, n.m., reappeasement.

rapaiser, v.a., to pacify, to appease again.

rapatelle, n.f., horsehair cloth (for sieves).

rapatriage, n.m., reconciliation, reconcilement.

rapatriement (-trî-mān), n.m., repatriation, the sending back of shipwrecked sailors, etc., to their country (by consuls); return of troops from distant countries; recalling; (l.u.) reconciliation, reconcilement.

rapatrier, v.a., to repatriate, to send back, to recall; to reconcile, to set to rights, to make friends again. On les a rapatriés; they have been reconciled.

se rapatrier, v.r., to return to one’s native country, to return home; to be reconciled; to be friends again, to make it up.

râpe, n.f., grater; rasp; stalk; stem of grapes, V. rafle. pl., (vet.) malanders, V. malandre.

râpé, n.m., rape-wine (fresh grapes put into a vessel of spoiled wine to improve it); rappee. — de copeaux; chips to clarify wine.

râpé, -e, part., (of clothes) shabby, threadbare, seedy, worn out. Du tabac —; rappee. Un habit —; a threadbare coat.

râper, v.a., to grate, to rasp. Se —; to be rasped; (fig.) to become threadbare, to be worn out.

rapetassage, n.m., patching, mending, cobbling.

rapetasser (rap-ta-sé), v.a., to patch, to patch up, to piece, to botch, to mend, to cobble.

rapetasseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., botcher, piecer, cobbler; (fig.) compiler, adapter.

rapetissement, n.m., shortening; (fig.) belittling.

rapetisser (rap-ti-sé), v.a., to belittle, to dwarf, to shorten, to make less, shorter, smaller.

se rapetisser, v.r., to become little, to lessen, to shrink; to humble, or lower, one’s self.

rapetisser, v.n., to become little, to lessen, to grow short, to shrink.

râpette, n.f., (bot.) goose-grass.

rapide, adj., rapid, swift, quick, fleet, fast; hasty, sudden. À l’aile —; swift-winged.

rapide, n.m., rapid. Le —; the fast, or express, train.

rapidement (-pid-mān), adv., rapidly, swiftly, fleetly, lightly, fast; suddenly.

rapidité, n.f., rapidity, swiftness, fleetness; speed; suddenness; steepness.

rapiéçage, n.m., patching, piecing.

rapiècement (-piès-mān), n.m., piecing, patching, botching.

rapiécer, v.a., to piece, to botch, to patch, to mend.

rapiécetage (-piés-taj), n.m., piecing, patching; patchwork.

rapiéceter (-piés-té), v.a., to patch, to piece, to botch; to piece all over. — des meubles; to botch up furniture.

rapiéceur, n.m., patcher, mender.

rapière, n.f., (jest.) rapier.

rapin, n.m., (fam.) painter’s pupil; (b.s.) dauber.

rapinade, n.f., daub.

rapine, n.f., rapine, plunder, pillage, robbery, plundering, pillaging, spoil.

rapiner, v.n. and a., to pillage, to rob, to pilfer, to peculate.

rapineu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., plunderer, pilferer, pillager.

*rappareiller, v.a., to match.

rapparier, v.a., to match.

rappel, n.m., recall, recalling, revocation, call (to order); (milit.) drums beating to arms or quarters; unpaid part (of a salary). — à l’ordre; call to order. — de lumière; (paint.) distribution of light. Battre le —; (milit.) to beat to arms, or to quarters.

rappeler (ra-plé), v.a., to call again, to call back; to recall, to call home, to summon up, to muster; to restore; to recall to mind. Je m’en allais, et il m’a rappelé; I was going, and he called me back. — quelqu’un à la vie; to restore any one to life. — un homme à son devoir; to recall a man to his duty. — quelqu’un à l’ordre; to call any one to order. — ses esprits; to recover one’s self. — le temps passé; to recall the past. Rappelez-moi à son bon souvenir; remember me kindly to him. — la lumière; (paint.) to distribute the light.

se rappeler, v.r., to recollect, to remember, to recall to mind. Se — quelque chose; to remember anything. Vous rappelez-vous? do you remember? Je me le rappelle parfaitement; I recollect it very well. Je me rappelle que vous me l’avez dit; I recollect your telling me so. Je me rappelle d’avoir fait cela; I recollect having done that.

rappeler, v.n., (milit.) to beat to arms, or to quarters.

rapport, n.m., bearing; revenue; produce; report, account, information, relation, testimony, evidence; tale, story; return; statement; affinity, analogy, resemblance, similitude; harmony, correspondence, uniformity; connection, reference; communication, intercourse, concern; tendency; ratio, proportion; reimbursement, refunding; rising (in the stomach). Être en —; to be productive, to be in bearing (of land). Être en plein —; to be in full bearing; to be very productive. Belle montre et peu de —; a fine show and a small crop. Faire un —; to draw up a report, to make a return. Aimer à faire des —s; to love to tell tales. Il en a fait son —; he has sent in his report. Le style n’est pas en — avec le sujet; the style is not in harmony, or in keeping, with the subject. Avoir — à; to relate to, to refer to; to have relation to. Il n’y a aucun — entre ces choses; there is no connection between these things. Mettre une personne en — avec une autre; to bring a person into contact with another; to bring any two persons together. Par — à; with reference to. Il a fait cela par — à vous; he did that on your account. Sous le — de; with respect to. Terres de —; artificial soil, made soil. Pièces de —; patch-work, inlaid work. Sous tous les —s; in all respects, in every respect.

rapportable, adj., (jur.) that must be refunded, restorable.

rapporté, -e, part., brought back; (com.) brought over or forward. Ouvrage de pièces —es; inlaid work. Terres —es; artificial soil, made soil.

rapporter, v.a., to bring again, to bring back, to carry back; to bring away, to bring home; to bring home again; to carry home; to account for; to revoke, to recall; to report, to tell, to relate, to give an account of; to cite, to quote; to direct, to refer to; to ascribe, to attribute; to yield, to bear; to bring in; to reimburse; (book-keeping) to carry forward; to trace; to set down; (com.) to post (in ledgers). Il n’en a rapporté que des coups; he only got blows by it. — un fait comme il s’est passé; to relate a fact as it happened. Il rapporte tout; he tells everything. — tout à soi; to think of nothing but self. — l’effet à sa cause; to refer the effect to its cause. Une terre qui rapporte beaucoup; an estate that yields a good income. Des arbres qui rapportent beaucoup; trees that bear a great deal of fruit. Son argent lui rapporte six pour cent; his money brings him in six per cent. Cette mauvaise action ne lui rapportera rien; this bad action will avail him nothing (com.). — du journal au grand livre; to post from the journal to the ledger.

se rapporter, v.r., to agree, to correspond, to tally, to coincide, to blend; to relate, to refer, to have reference to, to allude to, to be allied, related to. Ces deux couleurs se rapportent bien; these two colors blend well together. S’en rapporter à; to leave it to (any one). Je m’en rapporte à vous; I leave it to you; I trust to you. Je m’en rapporte à votre témoignage; I abide by what you say. S’il faut s’en rapporter aux anciennes traditions; if we are to believe ancient traditions. Je m’en rapporterai à qui que ce soit; I will refer the thing to anybody. Je m’en rapporte à votre serment; I abide (by) your oath or I refer you (to) your oath.

rapporter, v.n., to fetch and bring (of the dog); to bring in, to produce; to tell tales; to pay well, to be profitable.

rapporteur, n.m., reporter, stenographer; (geom.) protractor. — d’un comité; committee reporter.

rapporteu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., tell-tale, tale-bearer.

rapprendre, v.a., to learn again, to learn anew.

rapprivoiser, v.a., to tame again.

rapprochement (-prosh-mān), n.m., drawing, placing near, bringing together; junction; reconcilement, reconciliation; putting together, comparing; comparison.

rapprocher, v.a., to draw near again, to approach again; to bring together; to set in opposition, to compare; to bring nearer. — deux personnes; to bring two persons together, to reconcile two persons. Rapprochez ces deux planches; bring these two planks closer. — un cerf; to put hounds on the track of a stag.

se rapprocher, v.r., to come near again; to come, to draw, nearer; to be brought together; to approach, to approximate, to resemble, to begin to be friends again, to become reconciled.

rapsode, n.m., (Grec. antiq.) rhapsodist.

rapsodie, n.f., rhapsody; rambling composition.

rapsodiste, n.m., rhapsodist.

rapt, n.m., abduction, rape.

râpure, n.f., raspings.

raquetier, n.m., racket-maker; battledore-maker.

raqueton, n.m., large racket.

raquette, n.f., racket, battledore; snow-shoe; (bot.) Indian fig, opuntia.

rare, adj., rare, uncommon, extraordinary; unusual, singular; scarce; thin, scanty, sparse; (med.) slow (of the pulse). Devenir — comme les beaux jours; to become quite a stranger. Se rendre —; to make one’s self scarce. Vous devenez bien —; you are quite a stranger.

raréfacti-f, -ve, adj., rarefying.

raréfaction, n.f., (phys.) rarefaction.

raréfiable, adj., (phys.) that can be rarefied.

raréfiant, -e, adj., rarefying.

se raréfier, v.n., to rarefy, to become rarefied.

rarement (rar-mān), adv., rarely, seldom, unfrequently, not often.

rareté (rar-té), n.f., rarity, rareness, scarcity, singularity.

rarissime, adj., very rare, most rare.

ras, -e, adj., close-shaved, short-haired; shorn, shaved, close, bare; smooth, open, flat; short-naped; (nav.) low-built, flat-bottomed, undecked. Un chien à poil —; a short-haired dog. Il a la tête —e; his head is shorn. Il a le menton —; he has a bare, smooth, chin. Il porte la barbe —e; he shaves close. Du velours —; shorn velvet. Etoffe —e; smooth stuff. Serge —e; napless serge. —e campagne; open country. Vaisseau —, or vaisseau — à l’eau; straight-sheered ship. Faire table —e; to clear the board of. A —e terre; level with the ground.

ras, n.m., short-nap cloth. — de carène; (nav.) shipwright’s floating stage. Au — de, à —; nearly level with. — de marée; (nav.) tide-way race. À — de terre; almost touching the ground; skimming the ground. V. raz.

rasade, n.f., bumper, brimmer. Boire une —; to drink a bumper.

rasant, -e, adj., shaving, grazing; sweeping; (fort.) rasant; (milit.) flank. Vue —e; view of a flat, open country.

rasement (raz-mān), n.m., shaving; (milit.) razing or leveling to the ground.

raser, v.a., to shave; to shave off to demolish, to pull down, to raze to the ground; to graze, to touch; to skim over; to lay flat; to glance over, to touch lightly, to suppress; to cut down, to disable (a ship). Se faire —; to get (one’s self) shaved. — une maison; to pull down a house. — un vaisseau; to cut down a ship. Une balle lui rasa le visage; a ball grazed his face. — la côte; (nav.) to hug the coast. — l’air; to hover.

se raser, v.r., to shave, to shave one’s self, to be shaved. Cette perdrix se rase; this partridge keeps close to the ground.

raser, v.n., to shave; to pass very close to; (vet.) to raze, to be aged. Ce cheval rase; this horse is aged.

rase-tapis, n.m., (of horses) daisy-cutter.

rasibus (-bus), prep., (pop.) quite close. Couper —; to cut off quite close.

rasoir, n.m., razor; (fig. and pop.) a bore. Pierre à —; hone. Cuir à —; razor-strop. Repasser un —; to set a razor.

rason, n.m., (ich.) razor-fish.

rassade, n.f., glass-bead, bugle.

rassasiant, -e, adj., satiating, filling, cloying.

rassasiement (-zi-mān), n.m., satiety; surfeit.

rassasier, v.a., to sate, to satiate; to satisfy, to fill; to cloy, to glut, to surfeit. Être rassasié d’une chose; to be tired of a thing. Il n’est jamais rassasié d’argent; he can never have enough money.

se rassasier, v.r., to be satiated; to sate one’s self with; to be cloyed with; to take one’s fill of.

rassemblement, n.m., assembling; muster, mustering, collecting; riotous meeting, mob; assemblage. Disperser un —; to disperse a mob.

rassembler, v.a., to collect, to assemble, to reassemble, to gather together, to bring together again; to put together again; to get together, to muster. — des troupes; to muster troops. — des matériaux pour un ouvrage; to collect materials for a work.

se rassembler, v.r., to assemble, to gather together, to congregate, to meet, to unite, to muster. Se — en foule; to flock, to crowd.

rasseoir (ra-soâr), v.a., to seat again, to reseat; to replace, to put in its place again; to settle, to calm, to compose, to appease. — une statue sur sa base; to replace a statue on its base. — une pierre; to replace a stone. Donnez-lui le temps de — ses esprits; give him time to compose himself.

se rasseoir, v.r., to sit down again, to be seated again; to settle (of liquids); to be composed.

rasseoir, v.n., to settle (of liquids). Laissez — ce café; let that coffee settle.

rasséréner, v.a., to make serene, to clear up; to restore serenity to. Le soleil parut et rasséréna le temps; the sun shone out and cleared up the weather.

se rasséréner, v.r., to clear up, to recover one’s serenity; to brighten up.

rassiéger, v.a., to besiege again; to beset again.

rassis, -e, part., set down again; settled.

rassis, adj., cool, staid, sedate, sober-minded. Du pain —; stale bread. De sang —; in cool blood. De sens —; with sound judgment, dispassionate, unmoved. Esprit —; sober mind.

rassis, n.m., old horse-shoe reset; (fig.) soberness (in Montaigne).

rassortiment, n.m., rematching (of colors, materials); re-sorting; taking in a stock of goods for a season, etc., restocking.

rassortir, v.a., to sort, or match, again.

rassurance, n.f., reassurance.

rassurant, -e, adj., tranquillizing; encouraging, comforting, reassuring.

rassurer, v.a., to strengthen; to remove any one’s fears; to consolidate; to make firm; to tranquillize, to reassure, to comfort, to satisfy, to cheer.

se rassurer, v.r., to tranquillize one’s self; to recover one’s self, to be reassured; to set one’s mind at rest; (of the weather) to settle, to clear up. Rassurez-vous; set your mind at rest.

rat, n.m., rat; whim, crotchet, fad; niggard; taper. — d’eau; water-rat. — de Pharaon; ichneumon. Mort aux —s; rat’s-bane. Un nid à —s; a sorry lodging. Gueux comme un — d’église; as poor as a church mouse. À bon chat bon —; set a thief to catch a thief. — de cave; small wax taper; exciseman. Avoir des —s; to be whimsical. — de l’opéra; ballet-girl. Prendre un —; to miss fire. — d’église; church-goer.

ratafia, n.m., ratafia.

ratang, n.m., ratan.

ratanhia, n.m., (bot., med.) rhatany.

ratata, n.m., drum-beating.

ratatiné, -e, adj., shriveled, shriveled up; shrunk. Un petit vieillard —; a little withered old man.

se ratatiner, v.r., to shrink, to shrivel, to shrivel up.

*ratatouille, n.f., (cook.) bad stew (made of scraps of meat).

rate, n.f., spleen, milt. Avoir des vapeurs de —; to be troubled with the spleen. Epanouir la —; to drive away the spleen, to make merry. S’épanouir la —; to drive away one’s spleen, to be merry.

râteau, n.m., (agri.) rake, bow (of a scythe); (horl., nav.) rack.

râtelage (râ-tlaj), n.m., (agri.) raking.

râtelée (râ-tlée), n.f., raking; rakeful.

râteler (râ-tlé), v.a., to rake.

râteleur (râ-tleur), n.m., raker.

rateleu-x, -se, adj., splenetic.

râtelier, n.m., rack (in stables); set of teeth; (milit.) arm-rack; (nav.) rack. Manger à plus d’un —; to have more than one string to one’s bow. Mettre les armes au —; to quit the service.

ratelle, n.f., disease (of pigs).

rater, v.n., to miss fire; to flash in the pan, to miscarry. Son fusil rata; his gun missed fire.

rater, v.a., to miss; not to obtain; to fail in. — une charge; to miss a place.

☉rati-er, -ère (-tié, -tièr), adj., whimsical. n.m., ratter, rat-catcher.

ratière (-tièr), n.f., rat-trap.

ratification, n.f., ratification.

ratifier, v.a., to ratify.

*ratillon, n.m., little rat.

ratine, n.f., ratteen, patersham, frieze cloth.

ratiné, -e, adj., friezed.

ratiner, v.a., (manu.) to frieze.

ratiocination, n.f., ratiocination, reasoning.

ratiociner, v.a., to ratiocinate, to reason.

ration, n.f., ration, allowance. Mettre à la —; to allowance. — diminuée; short allowance.

rational, n.m., breast-plate (Jew. rel.).

rationalisme, n.m., rationalism.

rationaliste, n.m., rationalist.

rationalité, n.f., rationality.

rationnel, -le, adj., rational. Horizon —; rational horizon. Quantité —le; rational quantity.

rationnellement (-nèl-mān), adv., rationally.

rationnement, n.m., short allowance.

rationner, v.a., to allowance, to put on short allowance.

ratissage, n.m., scraping, raking.

ratisser, v.a., to rake; to scrape, to scrape off.

ratissoire, n.f., scraper.

ratissure, n.f., scrapings.

raton, n.m., (mam.) raccoon; (fam.) little rat; (pers.) ducky, darling; (in fables) mouser.

rattacher, v.a., to tie again, to tie up again; to fasten again, to fasten up again; to connect, to attach. — par une chaîne; to chain up again. — une question à une autre; to connect one question with another.

se rattacher, v.r., to be tied; to fasten, to be fastened; to fasten upon; to be attached to, to be connected or allied (with).

ratteindre, v.a., to retake, to catch again, to take again; to overtake, to come up again (with).

rattendrir, v.a., to soften again, to make tender again, to move again.

rattiser, v.a., to stir up the fire again; to stir up again. V. attiser.

rattraper, v.a., to retake, to catch again, to overtake, to come up again (with), to recover. On a rattrapé le prisonnier; the prisoner has been retaken. Bien fin qui m’y rattrapera; once bit, twice shy.

se rattraper, v.r., to catch hold of; to compensate one’s self; to win back one’s losses; to make up for.

rature, n.f., erasure, scratch; word crossed out.

raturer, v.a., to efface; to blot out; to erase, to scratch or cross out; to scrape (skins).

raucité, n.f., raucity, hoarseness.

rauque, adj., hoarse.

ravage, n.m., ravage, havoc, waste. Faire des —s; to commit ravages.

ravager, v.a., to ravage, to lay waste, to spoil.

ravageur, n.m., ravager, spoiler.

ravale, n.f., roller (to smooth the ground).

ravalement (-val-mān), n.m., (l.u.) debasement, disparagement; (mas.) rough-casting; (arch.) finishing off. Piano à —; piano-forte with a double row of keys.

ravaler, v.a., to swallow again; to put down, to run down, to lower; to press, to roll (land); to debase, to disparage; (mas.) to rough-cast. — la gloire de; to run down the glory of.

se ravaler, v.r., to debase one’s self; to lower one’s self.

ravaudage, n.m., mending (of old clothes); botching, bungling; darning stockings.

ravauder, v.a., to mend (old clothes); to botch, to botch up; to revile; to plague, to tease, to bustle about (in-doors). — des bas; to darn stockings.

ravauderie (-vô-drî), n.f., (fam.) silly stuff, nonsense, trash. Dire des —s; to talk nonsense.

ravaudeu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., mender (of stockings, old clothes); botcher, patcher; twaddler.

rave, n.f., long radish, radish, colerape, turnip, beet.

ravelin (ra-vlin), n.m., (fort.) ravelin.

ravenelle (ra-vnèl), n.f., wall-flower.

ravi, -e, part., carried away, transported; raptured; ravished, overjoyed, glad, delighted. Être — de joie; to be overjoyed. J’en suis —; I am delighted at it. — d’admiration; carried away by admiration. Je suis — que vous la connaissiez; I am delighted you know her.

ravière, n.f., radish-bed.

ravigote, n.f., (cook.) sharp sauce.

ravigoter, v.a., (pop.) to revive the appetite of, to enliven, to cheer.

se ravigoter, v.r., to revive, to recover one’s strength, one’s appetite.

ravilir, v.a., to debase, to disgrace, to degrade, to lower. V. avilir.

ravin, n.m., ravine, hollow road.

ravine, n.f., mountain torrent; gully, ravine.

ravinement, n.m., gullying.

raviner, v.a., to gully (land).

ravir, v.a., to carry off; to take away; to ravish, to rob of; to charm, to delight, to enrapture. — le bien d’autrui; to steal the property of another. — l’honneur à une fille; to dishonor a girl. On lui a ravi son plus doux espoir; he has been robbed of his dearest hope. À —; wonderfully well, to admiration, admirably. Elle chante à —; she sings admirably.

ravisement, n.m., thinking better of; altering one’s mind, second thought, after thought.

se raviser, v.r., to alter one’s mind, to bethink one’s self; to think better of it.

ravissant, -e, adj., rapacious, ravenous; admirable, ravishing, delightful, lovely, enchanting, charming.

ravissement (-vis-mān), n.m., rape; transport, rapture, ravishment, delight. Il était dans le —; he was in raptures. — de joie; transport of joy.

ravisseur, n.m., ravisher.

*ravitaillement, n.m., revictualing; (fig.) recruiting.

*ravitailler, v.a., to revictual. Se —; to recruit.

raviver, v.a., to make a fire burn up; to revive; to reanimate; to brighten up, to cheer, to rouse. — un tableau; to revive a picture.

se raviver, v.r., to revive.

ravoir, v.a., to get again, to have again; to get back, to recover.

se ravoir, v.r., to recover one’s strength, to recruit, to pick up, to pick up one’s crumbs.

rayé, -e, part., striped, streaked; (artil.) rifled, grooved; scratched, scratched out, crossed out. Vaisselle —e; scratched plate. Des mots —s; words crossed out. Canon —; rifled cannon.

rayer, v.a., to scratch (plate, dishes, etc.), to scratch out; to cross or strike out, to erase, to expunge, to streak, to stripe; (artil.) to rifle, to groove. — une étoffe; to stripe a stuff. Rayez cela de vos papiers; strike that out of your book; (fig.) look upon it as a bad debt. — d’une liste; to strike off a list. — du papier; to rule paper. — le canon d’un fusil; to rifle a gun-barrel.

rayère, n.f., loop-hole (in towers).

rayeur, n.m., ruler (instr.).

ray-grass, n.m., (n.p.) (bot.) rye-grass.

rayon, n.m., ray, beam, gleam; (geom.) radius; spoke (of a wheel); (ich.) ray; (agri.) furrow; shelf; comb (of honey). — de lumière; ray of light. Faisceau de —s; (opt.) pencil of rays. Un — d’espérance; a ray of hope. À dix lieues de —, dans un — de dix lieues; within a radius of ten leagues. Une étoile à cinq —s; a star with five rays. — de miel; honey-comb.

rayonnant, -e, adj., radiant, shining, sparkling, beaming. — de lumière; beaming with light.

rayonné, -e, adj., radiated, stellated; (of rooms) shelved.

rayonné, n.m., (zoöl.) radiary. pl., radiata.

rayonnement (rè-io-n-mān), n.m., radiance; radiancy; (phys.) radiation. Le — des astres; the radiation of the stars.

rayonner, v.n., to radiate, to irradiate; to shine; to beam; to glisten; to trace furrows or lines. Son visage rayonne de joie; his face is radiant with joy. v.a., to shelve (a room).

rayure, n.f., stripe (of textile fabrics); streak; scratch, groove; rifling (fire-arms).

raz, n.m., (nav.) race, bore. — de marée; bore, eagre (rush of water up an estuary; wave caused by the meeting of two tides).

razzia, n.f., (—s) (milit.) raid, foray, razzia; inroad; (fig.) clean sweep.

ré, n.m., (mus.) D; (vocal mus.) re, D.

re, ré, prefix from Latin re, red.

réabonnement, n.m., renewed subscription.

se réabonner, v.r., to subscribe again; to renew one’s subscription.

réabsorber, v.a., to reabsorb.

réabsorption, n.f., reabsorption.

réact-eur, -rice, n. and adj., (pol., l.u.) reactionary.

réacti-f, -ve, adj., reactive.

réactif, n.m., (chem.) reagent, test.

réaction, n.f., reaction.

réactionnaire, n.m.f. and adj., reactionist; reactionary.

réactionner, v.a., to sue again.

réactionner, v.n., to react.

réadmettre, v.a., to readmit, to admit again.

réadmission, n.f., readmission, readmittance.

réadopter, v.a., to readopt.

réadoption, n.f., readoption.

réafficher, v.a., to stick or post up again.

réaffirmer, v.a., to reaffirm.

réaggrave, n.f., (canon law) reaggravation.

réaggraver, v.a., (canon law) to censure by a reaggravation.

réagir, v.n., to react.

réajournement, n.m., readjournment; fresh summons.

réajourner, v.a., to readjourn.

réal, n.m. (réaux), or réale, n.f. (réales), real (Spanish coin = 5 cents).

réal, -e, adj., royal, of the royal galley.

réale, n.f., royal galley (old).

réalgar, n.m., (min.) realgar.

réalisable, adj., realizable.

réalisation, n.f., realization; (fin.) conversion into money.

réaliser, v.a., to realize; to convert into money.

se réaliser, v.r., to be realized, to be converted into money; (fig.) to come to pass.

réalisme, n.m., realism.

réaliste, n.m.f., realist.

réalité, n.f., reality; (theol.) real presence. En —; in reality; in fact, indeed.

réapparition, n.f., reappearance.

réappel, n.m., second call, second call over.

réappeler, v.a., to call over a second time.

réapposer, v.a., to reaffix, to put on again, to set on again; to reappend.

réapposition, n.f., reaffixing, reappending; putting on again.

réargenter, v.a., to resilver, to replate.

réargenture, n.f., resilvering, replating.

réarmement, n.m., arming again, re-arming.

réarmer, v.a., to arm again.

réarpentage, n.m., resurvey.

réarpenter, v.a., to resurvey.

réassemblage, n.m., reassemblage.

réassembler, v.a., to reassemble, to gather together again.

réasservir, v.a., to subjugate, enslave again.

*réassignation, n.f., fresh summons, reassignment, new subpœna.

*réassigné, -e, part., summoned again, reassigned.

*réassigner, v.a., to reassign, to resummon, to summon again.

réassurance, n.f., reinsurance, reassurance.

réassurer, v.a., to reinsure, to reassure.

réatteler, v.a., (of horses) to put to again.

rebaigner, v.a., to bathe again. Se —; to bathe again.

*rebâiller, v.n., to yawn again.

rebaiser, v.a., to kiss again.

rebaisser, v.a., to lower again, to let down again. Se —; to stoop down again.

rebander, v.a., to bend again (a bow); to bind up again; to tie up again; to put another bandage (over the eyes).

rebaptisant (-ba-ti-), n.m., rebaptizer.

rebaptisation (-ba-ti-), n.f., baptizing again.

rebaptiser (-ba-ti-), v.a., to rebaptize.

rébarbati-f, -ve, adj., stern, gruff, crabbed, cross. Visage —; crabbed, gruff, stern countenance.

rebâter, v.a., to resaddle, to saddle again.

rebâtir, v.a., to rebuild, to build again.

rebattre, v.a., to beat again; to repeat, to tell over and over; to shuffle again (cards).

rebattu, -e, part., old, hackneyed, trite, oft-told. Un conte —; an old worn-out story. J’en ai les oreilles —es; I am sick of hearing it so often.

rebaudir, v.a., (hunt.) to caress, to encourage (dogs).

☉rebec, n.m., (instr.) rebeck.

rebelle, n.m.f. and adj., rebel; rebellious, disobedient, unyielding; (med.) obstinate; (metal.) refractory, impervious (to); ill-adapted; unfeeling. — à la justice; flying in the face of justice. — à la raison; impervious to reason. Un sujet — à la poésie; a subject ill-adapted to verse. Une fièvre — aux remèdes; an unyielding fever. C’est une beauté —; she is an unfeeling beauty. Substances —s; (metal.) refractory substances, substances hard to melt.

se rebeller, v.r., to rebel, to rise in rebellion, to revolt.

rébellion, n.f., rebellion, resistance, contumacy. Faire — à la justice; to resist justice.

rebénir, v.a., to bless again; to consecrate anew.

se rebéquer, v.r., to be saucy, to be pert, insolent.

rebercer, v.a., to rock again.

se rebercer, v.r., to rock one’s self again.

rebiffer, v.n., to turn up one’s nose.

se rebiffer, v.r., to resist, to refuse obedience; to refuse bluntly.

reblanchir, v.a., to wash again; to blanch again, to bleach again; to whitewash again.

rèble or rièble, n.m., (bot.) goose-grass; cleavers.

reboire, v.a., to drink again.

reboisement, n.m., retimbering, reafforestation.

reboiser, v.a., to retimber, to replant, to reafforest.

rebond, n.m., rebound.

rebondi, -e, adj., plump, round, chubby, full. Des joues —es; chubby cheeks.

rebondir, v.n., to rebound.

rebondissement (-dis-mān), n.m., rebounding.

rebord, n.m., border, hem (of clothes); ledge; brim.

reborder, v.a., to put a new border to; to border again, to rehem. — une robe; to put a new border, or new hem, to a gown. — des souliers; to bind shoes anew.

rebotter, v.a., to make boots again for; to boot somebody again.

se rebotter, v.r., to put on one’s boots again.

rebouchement, n.m., stopping up again.

reboucher, v.a., to stop up again; to block up again; to stuff up; to cork up again. — un trou; to stop up a hole again. — une bouteille; to cork a bottle up again.

se reboucher, v.r., to get, or become, stuffed up, or stopped up, again; to bend. L’épée se reboucha contre sa cuirasse; the sword bent against his cuirass.

rebouil, n.m., pelt-wool.

*rebouillir, v.n., to boil again.

rebouisage, n.m., cleaning and polishing (of hats).

rebouiser, v.a., to clean and polish (hats).

rebourgeonner, v.n., to bud again.

rebours, n.m., wrong side (of a stuff); wrong way (of the grain); contrary, reverse. À —, au —; the wrong way; against the grain, backwards. Marcher à —; to walk backwards. Prendre à —; to misconstrue. Lire à —; to read backwards.

rebours, -e, adj., (fam.) cross, cross-grained, crabbed.

reboutage, n.m., bone-setting.

rebouteu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., bone-setter.

reboutonner, v.a., to button again, to rebutton.

se reboutonner, v.r., to button up one’s clothes again.

rebrider, v.a., to bridle again.

rebrocher, v.a., to restitch books.

rebroder, v.a., to re-embroider.

*rebrouiller, v.a., to embroil again, to mix again, to confound again, to entangle again.

rebrousse, n.f., napping-tool.

rebroussement (-broos-mān), n.m., turning back, turning up, inflection; (geom.) retrogression (of a curve).

à rebrousse-poil, adv., against the hair; the wrong way; against the grain.

rebrousser, v.a., to turn up (the hair). — chemin; to go back, to turn back, to retrace one’s steps.

rebroussoir, n.m., napping-tool.

rebroyer, v.a., to grind again.

rebrûler, v.a., to burn again.

rebrunir, v.a., to burnish again.

rebuffade, n.f., rebuff, repulse, rebuke.

rébus (-bus), n.m., rebus; pun, conundrum.

rebut, n.m., repulse, rebuff, rejection, refusal; refuse; trash; waste, rubbish, trumpery; riff-raff, scum. Marchandises de —; waste goods. Papier de —; waste paper. Mettre au —; to throw aside. Être au —; to be thrown aside. Mettre une lettre au —; to send a letter to the dead-letter office. De —; waste, left off, cast off. Bureau des —; dead-letter office.

rebutant, -e, adj., repulsive, forbidding, loathsome. Travail —; tedious work. Air —; forbidding look. Homme —; repulsive man.

rebuter, v.a., to repulse, to rebuff, to thrust away, to cast aside; to reject, to refuse; to disgust, to shock. — des excuses; to refuse an apology. Il a rebuté ces marchandises; he rejected those goods.

se rebuter, v.r., to be discouraged or disheartened, to be rebuffed, to lose courage. Il se rebute aisément; he is easily disheartened.

recacher, v.a., to hide again.

recacheter (-kash-té), v.a., to seal up again.

récalcitrant, -e, adj., stubborn, refractory, perverse, reluctant, averse.

récalcitrer, v.n., to be restive, to kick (of horses); (l.u.) to be refractory; to resist, to be reluctant.

recaler, v.a., to wedge up again, to refix, to refasten. (fig.) V. rembarrer. Il a été recalé; (fam.) he has been plowed again.

récapitulati-f, -ve, adj., recapitulatory.

récapitulation, n.f., recapitulation, summing up.

récapituler, v.a., to recapitulate, to sum up.

recarder, v.a., to card again.

recarreler (-kar-lé), v.a., to pave a floor anew.

recasser, v.a., to break again; (agri.) to break up stubble-land, to give a first plowing to.

recassis, n.m., (agri.) stubble-land that has been broken up.

recéder, v.a., to re-cede, to yield again, to restore again, to let have back (again); to give up again.

recel, n.m., (jur.) receiving of stolen goods.

recélé, n.m., (jur.) concealment of goods; embezzlement.

recèlement (-sèl-mān), n.m., concealing, concealment (of malefactors); receiving (of stolen goods).

recéler, v.a., to conceal (malefactors); to receive (stolen goods); to embezzle; to conceal, to hide; to contain. — des effets; to conceal wearing apparel.

recéler, v.n., (hunt.) to be or remain concealed.

receleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., (rĕ-cĕ-), receiver of stolen goods.

récemment (-sa-mān), adv., recently, newly, lately.

recensement (-sāns-mān), n.m., census; return, numbering; revisal, verification.

recenser, v.a., to take the census; to verify, to examine.

recension, n.f., (philos.) recension; book revised and edited (by a critic).

récent, -e, adj., recent, new, fresh, late.

recépage, n.m., (agri.) cutting down close (of vines).

recépée, n.f., cut part of a wood.

recéper, v.a., (agri.) to cut down.

récépissé, n.m., receipt (for documents, papers); acknowledgment of receipt.

réceptacle, n.m., receptacle; (bot.) torus.

récepteur, n.m., recipient, receiver, reservoir; (of telegraphs) receiving instrument.

réceptibilité, n.f., (l.u.) receptibility.

réception, n.f., receiving, receipt, reception; admittance, admission, levee, drawing-room; party, entertainment. Accuser — d’une lettre; to acknowledge the receipt of a letter. Bonne —; welcome, good reception.

réceptionnaire, adj., receiving. n.m., receiver, receiving clerk.

réceptivité, n.f., (l.u.) receptivity.

recerclage, n.m., re-hooping.

recercler, v.a., to hoop anew, to put new hoops to.

recette, n.f., receipt, receipts, collection; receiving office; recipe; receiver’s office, receivership, collectorship.

recevabilité, n.f., (jur.) admissibility.

recevable, adj., receivable, admissible, allowed.

receveu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., receiver, surveyor, comptroller, collector (of taxes).

recevoir, v.a., to receive, to accept, to take, to take in, to let in; to welcome, to harbor; to admit; to allow of; to meet with, to submit to; to entertain. — bien; to receive well; to welcome. — un mauvais accueil; to meet with a bad reception. — une opinion; to admit an opinion. Je reçois vos offres; I accept your offers. Son livre a été bien reçu; his book has taken well. — une excuse; to accept an excuse. — une proposition; to accept a proposal. — un coup mortel; to be mortally wounded. — la mort; to meet with (one’s) death.

recevoir, v.n., to receive, to receive company; to be at home to visitors; to hold a levee, a drawing-room. On recevra ce soir là; there will be company that evening. Elle reçoit beaucoup; she sees a great deal of company. Quand recevez-vous? when is your reception, or at home, day? when are you at home to visitors?

recez (rĕ-sê), n.m., recess; minutes (of a Congress).

réchampir or échampir, v.a., to pick out with colors, to set off.

rechange, n.m., change of anything; spare things; (com.) re-exchange; (nav.) spare stores. Des habits de —; spare clothes. J’en ai de —; I have some in reserve. Mâts de hune de —; spare topmasts. De —; spare.

rechanger, v.a., to change again.

rechanter, v.a., to sing again; to tell often.

réchapper, v.n., to escape, to recover. Un réchappé de la potence; (pop.) a villain, a gallows bird. — d’une maladie; to recover from an illness.

recharge, n.f., surcharge; fresh charge. En —; in addition.

rechargement, n.m., reloading, loading again, reballasting.

recharger, v.a., to load again, to reballast; to recharge; (milit.) to make a second charge; to charge again, to enjoin over again. — les ennemis; to charge the enemy again.

rechasser, v.a. and n., to drive away again; to drive back.

rechasser, v.a., to hunt again.

réchaud, n.m., chafing-dish, dish-warmer, hot-water dish, small stove; (hort.) hot-bed, mulch.

réchauffage, n.m., warming up again; giving as new what is old, hash-up; plagiarism; reheating; (metal.) balling.

réchauffé, n.m., food, etc., warmed up; something that is stale, old; stale stuff, imitation; (fig.) after-thought. C’est du —; it is mere imitation.

réchauffé, -e, adj., warmed up again.

réchauffement, n.m., (hort.) lining anew (a hot-bed); mulching.

réchauffer, v.a., to heat again, to make warm again, to make hot again, to warm again, to warm up; to re-animate, to rekindle, to stir up. Faire — la soupe; to warm up the soup. — une couche; (hort.) to manure a bed anew, to mulch.

se réchauffer, v.r., to warm one’s self, to get one’s self warm, to grow warm; to rekindle, to become warmer, to warm.

réchauffoir, n.m., plate-warmer, dish-warmer.

rechausser, v.a., to put on shoes or stockings again; to set new cogs to a wheel; (agri., hort.) to mold, to mold up; (mas.) to line the foot of, to underpin. — un arbre; to mold up a tree. — un mur; to underpin a wall.

rêche, adj., rough (to the taste, touch); crabbed (of persons). Cette étoffe est —; that stuff is very rough.

recherche, n.f., search, seeking, quest, pursuit; research, inquiry, investigation; examination, scrutiny; studied elegance, neatness, finish, labored refinement, studied refinement, care; addresses, courtship, suit; (mas.) research, mending (with tiles or slates). Travailler à la — de la vérité; to labor in search of truth. — exacte; strict search. Faire la — d’une chose; to search for a thing. Style naturel et sans —; natural and unaffected style. Il fait la — d’une veuve; he is courting a widow.

recherché, -e, adj., choice, exquisite; affected, far-fetched, sought after, run after, in great request, in great demand. Parure —e; exquisite dress. Expression —e; far-fetched expression. Ornements —s; choice ornaments.

rechercher, v.a., to seek again, to look again for, to seek, to seek for, to seek after, to look for, to search, to search for, to search after; to investigate, to search into, to inquire into, to make an inquiry into; to institute an inquiry into, to call to account; to endeavor to obtain, to desire, to aspire to; to run after, to court, to seek; to solicit in marriage, to ask in marriage, to woo, to solicit the hand of; (arts) to finish, to finish off, to polish; (man.) to animate. On rechercha sa vie; they made inquiries into his mode of life. — un cheval; to animate a horse.

se rechercher, v.r., to seek each other, or each other’s society; to be sought after.

*rechigné, -e, adj., sour-faced, glum, surly, sulky, cross, crabbed, gruff.

*rechignement, n.m., sulking, frowning, sullenness, crabbedness.

*rechigner, v.n., to look sulky, sullen, grim, gruff, sour, crabbed.

☉rechoir, v.n., to fall again; to relapse, to have a relapse.

rechute, n.f., relapse.

récidive, n.f., recidivism, relapse into crime; second offense, repetition of an offense. Il y a —; it is not the first offense. Être en —; to be an old offender.

récidiver, v.n., to repeat the same offense; to commit the same crime again.

récidiviste, n.m.f., previously convicted felon; habitual criminal; old offender.

récif, n.m., (nav.) reef, ledge (of rocks); ridge.

récipé, n.m., recipe, medical prescription; receipt.

récipiendaire, n.m., new member, member-elect.

récipient, n.m., (chem.) recipient, receiver; cistern, well.

réciprocation, n.f., reciprocation.

réciprocité, n.f., reciprocity, reciprocation.

réciproque, n.m., like. Rendre le —; to return the like; to give like for like.

réciproque, n.f., (math., log.) converse.

réciproque, adj., reciprocal, mutual; (math.) converse, reciprocal.

réciproquement (-prok-mān), adv., reciprocally, mutually; (math.) conversely.

recirer, v.a., to wax, polish, or black, again.

récit, n.m., recital, relation, account, story, tale, narration, narrative, statement; report; (mus.) recitative.

récitant, -e, adj., (mus.) solo.

récitateu-r, n.m., reciter, repeater.

récitatif, n.m., (mus.) recitative.

récitation, n.f., reciting, recitation; repetition.

réciter, v.a., to recite, to rehearse; to repeat, to say; to tell, to relate, to give an account of, to recount; (mus.) to sing in recitative; to play in recitative. Récitez votre leçon; say your lesson.

réciter, v.n., (mus.) to perform a recitative; to recite.

réciteu-r, -se, n.m.f., reciter, story-teller.

réclamable, adj., claimable.

réclamant, n.m., -e, n.f., (jur.) claimant.

réclamation, n.f., claim, demand; complaint, protestation, protest, opposition, objection. Être en —; to have raised an objection, to have formulated a complaint, a demand.

réclame, n.m., (hawking) bird-call.

réclame, n.f., (print.) catch-word; primer; (of newspapers) editorial announcement, advertisement, puff, puffing, paragraph puff; (thea.) cue, catchword (last words of couplets).

réclamer, v.a., to implore, to entreat, to beseech; to reclaim, to claim back, to redemand, to demand back again; to claim; (hunt.) to call off; (hawking) to bring back; (jur.) to lay claim to. — son droit; to claim one’s right. — un oiseau; to bring back a hawk. — les chiens; to call off the dogs.

se réclamer, v.r., to be reclaimed, to be demanded; to say one is known to a person; to make use of any one’s name, to invoke, to refer to. Voyant qu’on allait le maltraiter, il se réclama d’un tel; seeing they were about to ill-treat him, he referred to so-and-so.

réclamer, v.n., to oppose, to object, to protest (against), to complain (of), to make a complaint, to make objection (to). Je réclame contre cela; I protest against that. Personne ne réclame? does nobody raise any objection?

reclouer, v.a., to nail again.

☉reclure, v.a., to shut up, to confine, to cloister up, to sequester.

reclus, -e, n. and part., recluse, monk, nun; cloistered up, shut up, sequestered, secluded.

reclusion or réclusion, n.f., reclusion, retirement, seclusion; (jur.) confinement, imprisonment (with hard labor and loss of civil rights).

*recogner, v.a., to hit again, to strike again; to beat back, to drive back, to beat (an argument).

récognitif (-cog-), adj.m., (jur.) recognitory. Acte —; ratification of a liability (stating the consideration thereof).

récognition (-cog-), n.f., recognition.

recoiffer, v.a., to dress the head or hair again; to re-adjust the hair; to cap again, to re-cap (bottles).

recoin, n.m., corner, nook, by-place, by-way. pl., cricks and corners; innermost recesses.

récolement (-kol-mān), n.m., (jur.) examination; verification.

récoler, v.a., (jur.) to read the previous evidence to a witness; to examine, to verify.

☉récollection (-kol-lèk-), n.f., (devotional style) contemplation.

recollement, n.m., pasting, or gluing, again; (of a wound) healing.

recoller, v.a., to paste again (fig. and fam.). Il a été recollé or recalé; he has been plowed again.

récollet, n.m., -te, n.f., recollet (Franciscan friar or nun).

récolte, n.f., harvest, crop, vintage; collection, gathering. Temps de la —; harvest time. Faire la —; to get in the harvest.

récolter, v.a., to reap, to gather in, to get in.

se récolter, v.r., to be got in (of crops).

recommandable, adj., commendable, recommendable, respectable.

recommandation, n.f., recommendation; esteem, reference, introduction; (jur.) detainer. Lettre de —; letter of introduction.

recommander, v.a., to recommend, to charge, to enjoin, to bid, to intrust, to request; (jur.) to lodge a detainer against. Je vous recommande le secret; I enjoin secrecy.

se recommander, v.r., to recommend one’s self, itself; to look for protection (to); to refer to. Cette chose se recommande d’elle-même; the thing is its own recommendation. Je me recommande à vous; I refer to you.

recommencement, n.m., recommencement, beginning anew, repetition, renewal.

recommencer, v.a.n., to recommence, to begin again. — la guerre; to begin war afresh. — de plus belle, — sur nouveaux frais; to renew the attempt, to begin again worse than ever. C’est toujours à —; there’s no end to it. Ne recommencez pas, par exemple; don’t do it again, though.

recomparaître, v.n., to appear again (before).

récompense, n.f., reward, recompense; requital; compensation, amends; indemnity. En —; in return (for); as a recompense (for).

récompenser, v.a., to reward, to requite, to recompense, to remunerate; to make amends (to), to compensate; to requite; to make up for, to repay. — le temps perdu; to make up for lost time.

se récompenser, v.r., to make up for, to make amends, to be recompensed.

recomposer, v.a., to recompose.

recomposition, n.f., recomposition.

recompter (-kon-té), v.a., to count again.

réconciliable, adj., reconcilable.

réconciliat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., reconciler. adj., reconciling.

réconciliation, n.f., reconciliation, reconcilement.

réconcilier, v.a., to reconcile, to conciliate; to make friends again. On les a réconciliés; they have been reconciled. — une église; to consecrate a church anew.

se réconcilier, v.r., to be reconciled, to become friends again. Il s’est réconcilié avec son père; he has made it up with his father.

réconduction (tacite), n.f., (jur.) renewal of a lease, continued tenancy (upon the same terms).

reconduire, v.a., to reconduct, to lead back, to show out; to accompany, to see home, to accompany to the door.

reconduite, n.f., accompanying out, or to the door; seeing out, seeing home. Faire la —; to accompany out, home.

reconfirmer, v.a., to confirm again.

☉réconfort, n.m., comfort, relief, consolation.

☉réconfortation, n.f., cheering up, comforting, strengthening.

réconforter, v.a., to cheer up, to strengthen, to fortify, to comfort; to cheer.

reconfrontation, n.f., confronting anew.

reconfronter, v.a., to confront again.

reconnaissable, adj., recognizable.

reconnaissance, n.f., gratitude, thankfulness; recognition; examination; acknowledgment, confession; reward, return; recognizance; (milit., nav.) reconnoitering, reconnoitering party. Avoir de la —; to be grateful. Témoigner sa —; to testify one’s gratitude. Faire une —; to reconnoiter. — d’enfant; acknowledgment of a child. — de prêteur sur gages; pawn-broker’s ticket.

reconnaissant, -e, adj., grateful, thankful. — de; thankful for.

reconnaître, v.a., to recognize, to know again; to know; to identify; to find out, to discover; to acknowledge, to confess, to admit, to allow; to be grateful; (milit.) to reconnoiter, to explore, to observe. Je ne le reconnais plus; he has grown out of my recollection. Se faire —; to make one’s self known. On a reconnu sa trahison; his treachery was discovered. — un enfant; to own a child. Je vous reconnais bien là; that is just like you.

se reconnaître, v.r., to know one’s self; to see one’s self; to know where one is; to make out; to come to one’s self; to collect one’s self; to give one’s self breathing time; to acknowledge one’s guilt; to plead guilty. Il se reconnaît dans son fils; he sees himself in his son. Je commence à me reconnaître; I begin to know where I am. Je ne me reconnais plus; I don’t know what I am about. Je me reconnais bien là; that is just like me.

reconquérir, v.a., to reconquer, to recover, to regain.

reconsidération, n.f., reconsideration.

reconsidérer, v.a., to reconsider.

reconstituer, v.a., to reconstitute, to re-establish, to re-organize.

reconstitution, n.f., reconstitution, reorganization, resettling; (jur.) substitution.

reconstruction, n.f., reconstruction, rebuilding.

reconstruire, v.a., to build again, to reconstruct.

reconsulter, v.a., to consult again.

reconter, v.a., to tell again, to relate over again.

recontinuer, v.a., to resume, to go on again.

recontracter, v.a., to contract again.

reconvention, n.f., (jur.) cross suit, cross action, set off.

reconventionnel, -le, adj., (jur.) cross. Demande —; cross action.

reconvoquer, v.a., to convene again, to call together again.

recopier, v.a., to copy again. Se —; to be recopied.

*recoquillement, n.m., curling up, turning up, shriveling; being dog’s-eared (of leaves).

*recoquiller, v.a., to curl up; to turn up, to shrivel up; to dog’s-ear (leaves).

*se recoquiller, v.r., to turn up, to curl one’s self up, to be dog’s-eared, to shrivel.

recorder, v.a., to rehearse (a lesson); to learn or get by heart; to cord again; to twist again; to measure firewood again.

se recorder, v.r., to concert with any one, to call to mind; to be recorded.

recorriger, v.a., to correct again, to revise.

recors, n.m., bailiff’s man.

recoucher, v.a., to put to bed again, to lay flat again.

se recoucher, v.r., to go to bed again.

recoudre, v.a., to sew again, or stitch again.

se recoudre, v.r., to be sewn up again.

recoupe, n.f., rubble, stone-chips; chippings; pollard.

recoupement (-coop-mān), n.m., (arch.) off-set; recess.

recouper, v.a., to cut again.

recoupette, n.f., coarse meal.

recourbé, -e, adj., bent back, curved, crooked.

recourber, v.a., to bend back, to make crooked, to crook.

se recourber, v.r., to grow crooked, to bend.

recourbure, n.f., bending back, curvature.

recourir, v.n., to run again; to have recourse to, to apply to, to resort (to); to appeal. — aux remèdes; to have recourse to remedies.

recours, n.m., recourse; refuge, resort, help, resource, redress, remedy, appeal. — en cassation; petition of appeal. — en grâce; petition for pardon or commutation.

☉recousse, n.f. V. rescousse.

recousu, -e, part., sewed, stitched again.

recouvrable, adj., (fin.) recoverable.

☉recouvrance, n.f., recovery.

recouvrement, n.m., recovery, regaining; (fin.) payment; (horl.) lid; cap (of a watch); (arch.) overlapping. pl., debts due to one. — de la santé; recovery of one’s health. Faire un état de —; to draw up a statement of debts due. Faire un —; to recover an outstanding debt.

recouvrer, v.a., to recover, to regain, to get again, to get back possession (of), to get in, to collect. — ses forces; to recover one’s strength. — son bien; to recover one’s fortune.

recouvrir, v.a., to cover again; to cover, to mask, to hide, to conceal.

se recouvrir, v.r., to cover one’s self again; to be covered again; to be hidden again, to become cloudy again, to be overcast again.

recracher, v.a. and n., to spit out again; to spit again; (fig.) to fork out again; to disgorge.

récréance, n.f., provisional possession. Lettres de —; (diplomacy) letters of recall.

récréati-f, -ve, adj., recreative; refreshing; diverting, amusing.

récréation, n.f., recreation, amusement, diversion; play (of children). Heure de —; play-time. Être en —; to be at play, out of school.

recréer, v.a., to re-create, to create again.

récréer, v.a., to recreate, to divert, to amuse.

se récréer, v.r., to divert, to amuse one’s self, to take recreation.

récrément, n.m., (med.) recrement.

récrémenteu-x, -se, or récrémentitiel, -le, adj., (med.) recremental, recrementitious.

recrépir, v.a., to parget again, to roughcast; to give a fresh coat of plaster to; to paint (one’s face); to patch up. — un vieux mur; to replaster an old wall. — un vieux conte; to dress up an old story.

recrépissage or recrépissement, n.m., replastering; repatching.

recreuser, v.a., to dig up again, to dig deeper.

☉recri, n.m., exclamation; cry, outcry, clamor.

se récrier, v.r., to exclaim; to utter an exclamation; to cry out, to protest. Il n’y a pas de quoi se —; there is nothing to cause astonishment, there is no need to cry out.

récrimination, n.f., recrimination.

récriminatoire, adj., recriminatory.

récriminer, v.n., to recriminate.

récrire, v.a., to write over again; to write again; to rewrite.

recroître, v.n., to grow again; to spring up again.

recrotter, v.a., to dirty again.

recru, -e, adj., quite tired, worn out, knocked up, jaded, spent.

recrudescence, n.f., recrudescence.

recrudescent, -e, adj., recrudescent.

recrue, n.f., recruiting; recruit; recruits. Faire des —s; to raise recruits.

recrutement (re-krut-mān), n.m., recruiting, recruitment.

recruter, v.a., to recruit.

se recruter, v.r., to recruit.

recruteur, n. and adj. m., recruiter; recruiting, recruiting officer.

recta, adv., punctually, exactly.

rectangle, adj., (geom.) rectangular, right-angled.

rectangle, n.m., rectangle.

rectangulaire, adj., rectangular, right-angled.

recteur, n.m., rector (of a parish, of an academy); provost, warden.

rect-eur, -rice, adj., directing. ☉Esprit —; (chem.) aromatic. Pennes rectrices; (zoöl.) tail-feathers.

rectifiable, adj., rectifiable.

rectificateur, n.m., rectifier.

rectificati-f, -ve, adj., rectifying.

rectification, n.f., rectification; (jur.) amendment.

rectifier, v.a., to rectify.

se rectifier, v.r., to be rectified.

*rectiligne, adj., rectilineal, rectilinear.

rectitude, n.f., rectitude, uprightness.

recto, n.m., (—s) first page of a leaf; odd page, right-handed page.

rectoral, -e, adj., rectorial.

rectorat, n.m., rectorship, rectorate, provostship, wardenship.

rectrice, n.f., (orni.) tail-feather. V. recteur, adj.

rectum (-tom), n.m., (—) (anat.) rectum.

reçu, -e, part., received; admitted; recognized, customary, usual.

reçu, n.m., receipt. Au — de; on receipt of. Donnez-moi un — de ce que je vous remets; give me a receipt for what I give you.

*recueil, n.m., collection, selection, miscellany. — choisi; elegant extracts.

*recueillement, n.m., contemplation, meditation, self-communing; gathering, collection; (fig.) peaceful seclusion.

*recueilli, -e, part., gathered, collected; meditative, wrapped in meditation, calm, still, quiet. C’est un homme très —; he is a very contemplative man.

*recueillir, v.a., to gather, to get in; to reap; to get together, to collect; to pick up; to receive, to take in, to shelter. — une succession; to inherit an estate. — ses esprits; to collect one’s self. — ses forces; to collect one’s strength. — les voix; to collect the votes.

se recueillir, v.r., to collect one’s self, to collect one’s thoughts; to wrap one’s self up in pious meditation. — en soi-même; to retire within one’s self, to commune with one’s self; to reflect.

recuire, v.a., to cook, or do, again; to boil over again; to bake over again; (manu.) to anneal. — des métaux; to anneal metals.

recuit, -e, part., boiled, baked, or roasted again. Cela est cuit et —; that is done to rags.

recuit, n.m., or recuite, n.f., annealing (of metals, glass); reheating (liquids).

recul, n.m., recoil; kicking (of fire-arms).

reculade, n.f., falling back; retreat; backing (of carriages). Honteuse —; shameful retreat. Faire une —; to beat a retreat.

reculé, -e, part., put back; distant, remote; backward, behind (in learning). La postérité la plus —e; the remotest posterity.

reculée, n.f., (l.u.) backing-space; moving back. Feu de —; (l.u.) roasting fire.

reculement (-kul-mān), n.m., drawing back; backing (of carriages); breech (of saddles).

reculer, v.a., to pull back; to put back; to put off, to defer; to extend.

se reculer, v.r., to draw back; to go further off, to put back; to be extended, to sit further off.

reculer, v.n., to go back; to fall back, to draw back; to retreat, to recede, to shirk, to shrink (before), to back out (of); to give way; to recoil; to rein back (a horse). — pour mieux sauter; to wait for something better. Il est trop avancé pour —; he is too far involved to retreat. Il ne recule jamais; he never flinches. En reculant; in going backwards.

à reculons, adv., backwards; the wrong way; with one’s back to the engine, etc.

☉récupérable, adj., that may be recovered, retrievable, recoverable.

récupération, n.f., recovery.

récupérer, v.a., to recover, to retrieve; to get back.

se récupérer, v.r., to recover; to retrieve one’s losses.

récurer, v.a. V. écurer.

récurrence, n.f., (med.) recurrence.

récurrent, -e (-kur-rān, -t), adj., (med.) recurrent, returning.

récursoire, adj., (jur.) which can give rise to an appeal, remedial.

récusable, adj., (jur.) exceptionable, challengeable, doubtful.

récusation, n.f., (jur.) challenge, exception, denial.

récuser, v.a., to challenge (witnesses, jurors); to deny, to reject.

se récuser, v.r., to excuse one’s self, to decline; (of judges, jurors) to decline judging or voting; to declare one’s self incompetent.

rédacteur, n.m., writer (of a deed); clerk (in a public office); editor, editress; writer (of periodicals). — d’un journal; editor of a newspaper. — en chef; chief editor. — gérant; sub-editor.

rédaction, n.f., drawing up (deeds, etc.); wording; editing (periodicals); editors.

redan, n.m., (fort.) redan; (arch.) skew-back.

redanser, v.n., to dance again.

reddition (rèd-di-), n.f., (jur., milit.) surrender, reduction; restitution, giving back; giving in (of accounts). — de compte; giving in of accounts.

redébattre, v.a., to debate again.

redéclarer, v.a., to declare again.

redédier, v.a., to dedicate anew.

redéfaire, v.a., to undo again.

redéjeuner, v.a., to breakfast again.

redélibérer, v.a., to deliberate again (upon), to consider again.

☉redélivrer, v.a., to set at liberty a second time.

redemander, v.a., to redemand, to ask again; to ask back again.

redemeurer, v.n., to dwell or live again.

redémolir, v.a., to demolish, or pull down, again.

rédempteur, n.m., redeemer, savior.

rédempt-eur, -rice, adj., redeeming, redemptive, redemptory.

rédemption, n.f., redemption; ransom.

rédemptoriste, n.m., Redemptorist.

redépêcher, v.a., to dispatch again.

redescendre, v.n., to go, or come, down again.

redescendre, v.a., to take down again.

redevable, n.m.f. and adj., debtor; indebted; beholden. Je suis votre — or je vous suis —; I am your debtor. Être — à ... de; to be indebted to ... for.

redevance, n.f., rent; royalty; due, service; (feudalism) fine.

redevenir (rĕ-dĕ-vnir), v.n., to become again.

redévider, v.a., to wind again.

redevoir, v.a., to remain in one’s debt, to owe still.

rédhibition, n.f., (jur.) action to set aside a sale.

rédhibitoire, adj., (jur.) setting aside a sale; redhibitory.

rédiger, v.a., to draw out; to draw up; to draught; to write out; to word; to indite.

se rédimer, v.a., to redeem one’s self.

redîner, v.n., to dine again.

redingote, n.f., riding-coat, frock-coat; (ladies’) morning dress.

redire, v.a., to repeat, to say again, to tell again; to censure, to criticize, to find fault (with); to report. Trouver à — à; to find fault with, to find amiss, to complain of. Je n’y trouve rien à —; I see nothing amiss in it. Il n’y a rien à —; no fault can be found with. Se faire —; to have repeated to one; to require to be told again.

rediseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., tautologist, repeater; tell-tale, tale-bearer.

redistribuer, v.a., to distribute again.

redistribution, n.f., redistribution, re-issue.

redite, n.f., (b.s.) repetition, gossiping.

redompter (-don-té), v.a., to subdue again.

redondance or rédondance, n.f., superfluity of words, redundancy.

redondant or rédondant, -e, adj., redundant.

redonder or rédonder, v.n., to be redundant.

redonner, v.a., to give again, to give back again; to restore; to deal again (at cards).

se redonner, v.r., to give one’s self up again; to give away again; to indulge again in.

redonner, v.n., to give one’s self up again; to fail again into; to take to again; (milit.) to charge again; to be engaged again.

redorer, v.a., to gild over again, to regild.

redormir, v.n., to sleep again.

☉redoublant, n.m., pupil that remains a second year in the same class.

redoublé, -e, part., redoubled, increased; repeated. Pas —; (milit.) double-quick time. Rimes —es; double rhymes.

redoublement, n.m., redoubling, increase; reduplication; (med.) paroxysm.

redoubler, v.a., to redouble, to increase, to reiterate; to increase greatly; to put a new lining to. — ses soins; to be doubly careful.

redoubler, v.n., to increase; to redouble; ☉to continue two years in the same class (at school). — de soins; to be doubly attentive.

redoul or roudou, n.m., (bot.) coriaria myrtifolia, tanners’ sumac.

redoutable, adj., formidable, redoubtable, terrible, dreadful.

redoute, n.f., (fort.) redoubt; ridotto; dancing-room.

redouter, v.a., to dread, to fear. Il n’est pas à —; he is not to be feared.

redressage, n.m., straightening.

redressement (-drès-mān), n.m., straightening; erection; redressing; redress; relief (from a grievance).

redresser, v.a., to make straight, to make straight again, to straighten; to erect; to set up again; to put right; to correct, to reform, to put to rights, to set to rights; to redress; to over-reach. — la tête; to hold up one’s head. — des griefs; to redress grievances.

se redresser, v.r., to become straight again; to get straight again; to bridle up; to stand erect again; to set upright; to be set right, to be redressed. Redressez-vous; sit up.

redresseur, n.m., redresser, avenger, righter.

redû, n.m., balance due.

réducteur, n.m., (surg.) apparatus for reducing a dislocation.

réductibilité, n.f., reducibleness.

réductible, adj., reducible.

reducti-f, -ve, adj., reductive.

réduction, n.f., reduction; subjugation; (com.) allowance, abatement; (chem., math., surg.) reduction.

réduire (réduisant, réduit), v.a., to reduce, to abate, to diminish, to curtail; to subdue, to subjugate; to compel; to oblige, to restrain; (chem., math., surg.) to reduce. — une place; to reduce a stronghold, to take a fortress. — au désespoir; to drive to despair.

se réduire, v.r., to be reduced; to diminish; to abate; to vanish; to reduce one’s self; to be subdued; (fig.) to come to, to amount to.

réduit, n.m., retreat, small habitation; lodging; corner, recess; hole, hovel; (fort.) reduct.

réduplicati-f, -ve, adj., (gram.) reduplicative.

réduplicatif, n.m., (gram.) reduplicative.

réduplication, n.f., reduplication.

réédification, n.f., rebuilding.

réédifier, v.a., to rebuild.

rééditer, v.a., to publish anew (of books).

réel, -le, adj., real, true; actual; substantial. n.m., reality, truth.

réélection, n.f., re-election.

rééligibilité, n.f., re-eligibility.

rééligible, adj., re-eligible.

réélire, v.a., to re-elect.

réellement (-èl-mān), adv., really; in reality, truly, indeed.

réemballage, n.m., repacking.

réemballer, v.a., to repack.

réémettre, v.a., to re-issue.

réémigrer, v.n., to re-emigrate.

réémission, n.f., re-issue.

réentement, n.m., regrafting.

réenter, v.a., to regraft. Se —; to be regrafted.

réenterrement, n.m., reburial.

réenterrer, v.a., to re-bury, to re-inter.

réer, v.n. V. raire.

réescompte, n.m., (com.) rediscount.

réescompter, v.a., (com.) to rediscount.

réexaminer, v.a., to examine anew.

réexpédier, v.a., to forward again, to send off again.

réexpédition, n.f., forwarding again, sending off again, return.

réexportation, n.f., re-exportation.

réexporter, v.a., to re-export.

refâcher, v.a., to vex again, to anger again.

se refâcher, v.r., to grow angry, or vexed, again.

refaçon, n.f., remaking, remake.

refaçonner, v.a., to form or make again, to re-fashion.

réfaction, n.f., remaking; repairing, repairs; (com.) rebate.

refaire, v.a., to do again, to do over again, to remake; to make anew; to begin anew; to recommence; to deal again (at cards); to take in, to deceive; to be refreshing (to); to refresh; to mend, to repair. — de la viande; to warm meat up again, to re-pot meat.

se refaire, v.r., to refresh one’s self; to recover one’s strength; to retrieve one’s losses; to assume a new character. Se — un habit; to have a coat done up again, or a coat made again.

refait, n.m., drawn game (at play); (hunt.) new horns.

refait, -e, part., done again; (of timber) squared, prepared for use; (nav.) twice laid (of cordage).

refaucher, v.a., to mow again.

réfection, n.f., repairs; ☉repairs to buildings; refection (meal); food, nourishment; recovery of strength.

réfectoire, n.m., refectory, dining-room or hall.

refend, n.m., splitting, sawing, dividing; (arch.) channel (in wall). Mur de —; (arch.) partition-wall. Bois de —; sawed timber.

refendre, v.a., to cleave, or split, again; to quarter (timber); to saw into slabs (stone); to saw, or cut, lengthwise.

référé, n.m., (jur.) application to a judge (sitting) in chambers. En —; in chambers.

référence, n.f., (com.) reference; relation, information.

référendaire, n.m., referendary.

référendariat, n.m., referendaryship.

référer, v.a., to refer; to ascribe. En — à; to refer to.

se référer, v.r., to refer, to have a reference; to refer, to leave it (to), to confide, to trust (in). S’en référer à l’avis de quelqu’un; to refer to the opinion of any one.

référer, v.n., to report, to make a report.

refermer, v.a., to shut up again, to close up. — une plaie; to close a wound.

se refermer, v.r., to shut again; to close again.

referrer, v.a., to shoe again (animal).

*refeuilleter, v.a., to turn over again, to turn over and over (leaves); to read again cursorily.

reficher, v.a., to thrust, or stick, in again; to drive in again.

refiger, v.n., to congeal again.

se refiger, v.r., to congeal again.

refixer, v.a., to fix again.

réfléchi, -e, adj., reflected; reflecting; deliberate; considerate; reflective, thoughtful, meditative; (bot.) reflex. Action —e; deliberate action. Crime —; premeditated crime. Opinion peu —e; hasty opinion. Personne —e; reflective, meditative, thoughtful, circumspect, person. Homme peu —; inconsiderate man.

réfléchir, v.a., to reflect, to reflect back; to mirror back; to throw back; to reverberate.

se réfléchir, v.r., to reflect, to be reflected.

réfléchir, v.n., to reflect, to reflect on, to think, to consider, to ponder. J’y réfléchirai; I’ll think it over.

réfléchissant, -e, adj., reflecting.

réfléchissement (-shis-mān), n.m., reflection, reverberation.

réflecteur, n. and adj. m., reflector; reflective, reflecting.

reflet, n.m., reflection, reflex, reflected light.

refléter, v.a., to reflect (light, etc.).

se refléter, v.r., to reflect, to be reflected, to be mirrored back.

refleurir, v.n., to blossom again, to blow again, to flower again; to flourish again. Faire —; to revive.

réflexe, adj., reflex.

réflexibilité, n.f., reflexibility.

réflexible, adj., reflexible, reflectible.

réflexi-f, -ve, adj., reflexive.

réflexion, n.f., reflection; thought, consideration. Faire —; to reflect. Avez-vous fait vos —s? have you considered the matter? have you pondered over it? Un homme de —; a thinking man. Toute — faite; all things considered; after due reflection; on second thought.

refluer, v.n., to reflow, to flow back, to ebb.

reflux, n.m., reflux, refluctuation; ebb, ebbing, flowing back. Le flux et le —; the ebb and flow; (fig.) the constant shifting.

☉refonder, v.a., (jur.) to refund, to reimburse, to repay; to refound.

refondre, v.a., to refound, to melt again; to recast, to cast again, to mold anew; to improve; to remodel; (nav.) to repair, to improve, to correct. — la monnaie; to recoin money. — un ouvrage; to remodel, or re-cast, a work. — un vaisseau; to repair a ship thoroughly.

refonte, n.f., refounding, recasting (metal.); recoinage, recoining; remodeling; (nav.) thorough repair.

reforger, v.a., to forge again.

réformable, adj., reformable, that may be reformed; (jur.) reversible; (mil.) exemptible.

réformat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., reformer. adj., reforming, reformatory.

réformation, n.f., reformation, amendment. La — des monnaies; the re-stamping of coin.

réforme, n.f., reform, reformation, amendment; (milit.) reduction, discharge. Traitement de —; (milit.) half-pay. Être mis à la —; (milit.) to be put on half-pay. Être en —; (milit.) to be on half-pay. Congé de —; (milit.) discharge. Cheval de —; cast horse.

réformé, -e, part., reformed. La religion —e; the Protestant religion. Un officier —; a half-pay officer.

réformé, n.m., reformer, reformist.

réformer, v.a., to reform, to mend, to improve. — ses mœurs; to reform one’s morals. — sa vie; to amend one’s life. — les abus; to reform abuses. — son train; to reduce the number of one’s servants. — les monnaies; to re-stamp coin. — des troupes; to discharge troops. — un officier; to put an officer on half-pay. — un soldat; to discharge a soldier.

se réformer, v.r., to reform, to amend; to be reformed.

reformer, v.a., to form again, to form anew.

se réformer, v.r., to form again, to be formed anew.

réformiste, n.m., reformer, reformist.

refortifier, v.a., to fortify again.

refouetter, v.a., to whip again.

refoulement (re-fool-mān), n.m., driving back, suppression, compressing, forcing back; ebbing (of the tide). Le — des eaux; the flowing back of the waters. Le — de la marée; the ebbing of the tide. Le — d’une armée; the driving back of an army.

refouler, v.a., to drive back, to repel; to compress; (artil.) to ram. — la marée; to stem, to go against the tide.

refouler, v.n., to ebb; to flow back. La marée refoule; the tide is ebbing.

refouloir, n.m., cannon-rammer.

refournir, v.a., to furnish again, to stock anew.

réfractaire, adj., refractory, stubborn, obstinate, rebellious; impervious (to); fire-proof.

réfractaire, n.m., (milit.) defaulting conscript, defaulter.

réfracter, v.a., (phys.) to refract.

se réfracter, v.r., to be refracted.

réfracti-f, -ve, adj., refractive.

réfraction, n.f., (phys.) refraction.

refrain, n.m., refrain, burden of a song; constant theme; (nav., l.u.) rolling back of billows (after breaking on rocks), surf. C’est son — continuel; it is his constant theme; he is always harping upon it.

refrangibilité, n.f., refrangibility.

réfrangible, adj., refrangible.

refrapper, v.n., to strike again, to knock again. — la monnaie; to restamp coin.

refréner, v.a., to bridle, to restrain; to curb, to repress.

réfrigérant, -e, adj., refrigerant. Mélange —; freezing mixture.

réfrigérant, n.m., (med.) refrigerant.

réfrigérati-f, -ve, adj., (med.) refrigerative.

réfrigératif, n.m., (med.) refrigerative.

réfrigération, n.f., (chem.) refrigeration.

☉réfrigératoire, adj., refrigerative.

réfringent, -e, adj., refracting.

refrire, v.a., to fry again.

refriser, v.a., to curl again.

refrogné, -e, or renfrogné, -e, part., frowning, scowling, gruff, surly, sullen. Air —; scowling, sullen look.

*refrognement or renfrognement, n.m., frown, scowl, knitting of the brows.

se refrogner or se renfrogner, v.r., to frown, to knit one’s brows.

refroidi, -e, part., chilled, cooled.

refroidir, v.a., to cool, to chill.

se refroidir, v.r., to cool, to grow cold or cool; to slacken, to relax, to relent, to abate.

refroidir, v.n., to cool, to become cold.

refroidissement (-dis-mān), n.m., cooling, coolness; coldness; chill, cold. J’ai pris un —; I have caught a chill.

refrotter, v.a., to rub again.

refuge, n.m., refuge, shelter, asylum, resting place; resource, protection. — assuré; safe refuge. Lieu de —; place of safety.

réfugié, n.m., -e, n.f., refugee.

se réfugier, v.r., to take refuge, shelter; (fig.) to have recourse (to); to shelter one’s self (behind).

refuir, v.n., (hunt.) to double.

refuite, n.f., (hunt.) shift, doubling; (l.u.) shuffling, evasion.

refus, n.m., refusal, denial; thing refused. Essuyer un —; to meet with a refusal. Un — net; a flat refusal. Cela n’est pas de —; that is not to be refused, or is very acceptable. Ce n’est pas à son —; it has not been offered him or he has not had the refusal of it. Enfoncer un pieu jusqu’à — de mouton; (tech.) to ram a pile in (until driven home). Ce pieu est au —; this pile is set, driven home.

refusable, adj., refusable.

refuser, v.a., to refuse; to deny; to decline, not to accept, to grudge, to demur. — des présents; to refuse presents. — la porte à quelqu’un; to deny any one admittance; to shut one’s door (against).

se refuser, v.r., to deny one’s self, to deprive one’s self of; not to permit; to grudge one’s self; to shun, to avoid; to withstand, to resist. Il se refuse le nécessaire; he denies himself the necessaries of life.

refuser, v.n., to refuse; to decline; (man.) to refuse to advance; (nav.) to scant; not to come to the wind.

refuseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., refuser.

réfutable, adj., refutable.

réfutateur, n.m., refuter, confuter.

réfutation, n.f., refutation, confutation, disproof.

réfuter, v.a., to refute, to confute, to disprove.

se réfuter, v.r., to refute each other; to be refuted.

*regagner, v.a., to regain, to get again, to win back, to recover; to retrieve; to rejoin, to overtake, to reach, to gain over. — le dessus; to get the upper hand again. — le vent sur l’ennemi; (nav.) to get the weather-gauge of the enemy. — quelqu’un; to gain any one over or to overtake any one. — la maison; to return home, to reach home.

*regaillardir, v.a., to make merry, to enliven, to revive, to give a fillip to. V. ragaillardir.

regain, n.m., aftermath, after-grass; (fig.) revival, return; (of life) new lease of. — de jeunesse; a second youth. — de vie; a new lease of life.

régal, n.m., feast, entertainment, treat; pleasure. C’est un vrai — pour moi; it is a real treat for me.

régalade, n.f., (fam.) gulping down; blazing fire; treating; treat. Boire à la —; to gulp down; to pour (wine, etc.) down one’s throat, without putting the glass to one’s lips.

régalant, -e, adj., amusing, pleasant, entertaining.

régale, n.m., (mus.) regal, vox humana (stop).

régale, n.f., right, regalia (F. Hist.).

régale, adj.f., (l.u.) royal. Eau —; aqua regia (nitro-hydrochloric acid).

régalement (-gal-mān), n.m., ☉assessment, equalization (of taxes); leveling (of ground); ☉equalization (of shares in an inheritance).

régaler, v.a., to regale, to treat, to feast, to entertain; ☉to assess taxes; to level (ground)

se régaler, v.r., to feast, to entertain or treat one another; to regale one’s self; to enjoy one’s self.

régaleur, n.m., entertainer, leveler.

☉régalien (-in), adj.m., regal, royal.

regard, n.m., look; gaze, stare; glance; eye, eyes; (astrol.) aspect; two pictures looking at one another. pl., eyes; attention, notice; (tech.) draft-hole, man-hole. — tendre; tender look. Lancer un —; to dart a look. Jeter ses —s de côté et d’autre; to cast one’s eyes about. Jeter un — sur; to cast a glance at. Adoucir ses —s; to soften one’s countenance. Fixer les —s de quelqu’un; to catch any one’s eye; to arrest any one’s attention. Au — sombre; dull-eyed. En —; opposite. Avoir — sur; to look into, to face. Promener ses —s sur; to cast one’s eyes upon, or round. Abaisser les —s; to look down. Au — de, V. à l’égard de.

regardable, adj., to be worth looking at; to be looked at.

regardant, n.m., beholder, looker-on, spectator.

regardant, -e, adj., too strict, particular, nice; economical, near, saving, niggardly.

regarder, v.a., to look at; to look on; to behold; to face, to be opposite, to look into; to consider, to mind, to look up to; to regard, to concern. — quelqu’un; to look at any one. — quelqu’un fixement; to stare at any one. — par un trou; to look (at) through a hole. — quelqu’un de haut en bas; to look down upon any one, to look any one down (with contempt). — comme; to look upon as, to consider as, to repute. Cela vous regarde; that concerns you. Se faire —; to attract notice.

se regarder, v.r., to look at one’s self; to look at each other; to look upon one’s self as; to consider one another as; to be opposite to each other; to be in front of each other.

regarder, v.n., to look, to face, to be opposite, to front; to mind, to pay heed to. Ma chambre regarde sur le jardin; my room overlooks the garden. Regardez-y bien; take heed. Y —; to be particular, to consider. Y — à deux fois; to think twice. Y — de près; to be particular about. Je n’y regarde pas de si près; I am not so particular as all that.

regarnir, v.a., to furnish again; to retrim.

régate, n.f., regatta, boat-race.

regayer, v.a., to comb hemp.

regayoir, n.m., hemp-comb.

regayure, n.f., refuse of hemp.

regazonnement, n.m., returfing.

regazonner, v.a., to returf.

regel, n.m., renewed frost, freezing again.

regeler, v.n., to freeze again.

régence, n.f., regency.

régénérat-eur, -rice, n. and adj., regenerator; regenerating, reproducing.

régénération, n.f., regeneration.

régénérer, v.a., to regenerate.

se régénérer, v.r., to be regenerated.

régent, -e, adj., regent.

régent, n.m., regent; master (of a college); governor, director (of the bank of France); name of a large diamond of the French crown.

régenter, v.a. and n., ☉to teach; (fig.) to domineer, to lord it over, to hector.

regermer, v.n., to regerminate.

régicide, n.m. and adj., regicide; regicidal.

régie, n.f., administration; administration of the taxes; excise, excisemen; excise-office. Officier de la —; exciseman.

regimbement, n.m., kicking (of horses); resistance, revolt, kicking against.

regimber, v.n., to kick (of horses); (fig.) to resist; to revolt, to kick against.

régime, n.m., regimen; diet; form of government; rule; reign; law; order of things; (gram.) object, objective case. Mettre au —; to diet. Être au —; to be on low diet. Vivre de —; to live by rule. Se mettre au —; to diet one’s self.

régiment, n.m., regiment.

régimentaire, adj., regimental.

région, n.f., region, country.

régional, adj., local (district); industrial, agricultural.

régir, v.a., to govern, to rule; to administer, to manage.

régisseur, n.m., manager, steward.

régistrateur, n.m., registrar, recorder (in the Pope’s chancellor’s office).

registre, n.m., register, book, account; register (of an organ); (mus.) draw-stop; (print.) register; damper (of chimneys); vane (of a steam-engine). Rapporter sur un —; to enter in a register. Il est sur mes —s; I have him on my books. Tenir —; to keep account (of).

registrer, v.a., to register, to record.

regître, n.m. V. registre.

regîtrer, v.a. V. registrer.

réglage, n.m., ruling (of paper); regulating, settling; setting, timing (of watches, clocks, etc.).

règle, n.f., rule, ruler; order; pattern, model, example; guide, regulation; (arith.) sum. pl., menses, courses. Cela est de —; that is the rule. Dans les —s; according to rule, in due form. Être en —, se mettre en —; to be in order, to have everything in order. — à coulisse; sliding rule.

réglé, -e, adj., ruled; regulated, regular, steady. — comme un papier de musique; as regular as clock-work. Une vie —e; a regular life. À des heures —es; at regular hours. Il a le pouls —; his pulse is regular.

règlement, n.m., regulation; laws, by-laws; standing order; settlement (of accounts); (mil.) roster. Violer le —; to commit a breach of order. Vous manquez au —; you are breaking the rules. — de compte; settlement of an account.

réglément, adv., regularly, exactly.

réglementaire, adj., according to regulations, allowed, lawful, usual, customary.

réglementation, n.f., regulating.

réglementer, v.a. and n., to regulate.

régler, v.a., to rule, to regulate, to square; to order; to settle; to determine, to decide; to time. — sa dépense; to regulate one’s expenses. — ses affaires; to settle one’s affairs. — une pendule; to set a clock right. — un différend; to settle a difference.

se régler, v.r., to regulate one’s self by; to imitate, to follow the example of, to be guided (by); to be regulated, to time one’s self (upon). Se — sur la vertu; to be guided by virtue. Je ne me règle pas sur cela; I don’t go by that. Je me réglerai sur vous; I shall time myself by you.

réglet, n.m., (print.) rule; (arch.) girth.

réglette, n.f., (print.) reglet.

régleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., ruler, paper-ruler.

réglisse, n.f., licorice. Du jus de —; Spanish liquorice. — en bâton; stick licorice.

réglure, n.f., ruling (of paper).

*régnant, -e, adj., reigning, prevailing, present; prevalent; predominating, predominant, chief.

*règne, n.m., reign; prevalence; vogue, fashion, crown (over the high altar in churches); kingdom; tiara (of the pope). — animal; animal kingdom.

*régner, v.n., to reign, to govern, to rule, to bear sway, to prevail; to be in fashion; (arch.) to reach. La maladie qui règne; the prevailing disease.

régnicole, n.m.f. and adj. (rēg-ni-), (jur.) native, citizen; naturalized subject.

regonflement, n.m., re-inflation, swelling anew.

regonfler, v.n., to swell, to overflow.

regonfler, v.a., to swell again; to inflate, to fill again.

regorgement, n.m., overflowing (of fluids); overflow, superabundance.

regorger, v.n., to overflow, to run over, to abound with, to teem with; to be glutted, to be crowded or crammed (with). La salle regorgeait de monde; the hall was crowded with spectators. Cette province regorge de blé; that province abounds in corn. — de santé; to be in rude health. Faire —; to compel to disgorge.

regouler, v.a., (pop.) to snub; to surfeit.

regoûter, v.a., to taste again.

regracier, v.a., to pardon again, a second time.

regrat, n.m., (l.u.) huckstering; huckster’s shop; ☉retail salt-shop.

regrattage, n.m., (mas.) regrating, rescraping.

regratter, v.a., to scratch again; to scrape again; (mas.) to regrate.

regratter, v.n., to huckster; (l.u.) to haggle; to make illegitimate petty profits.

regratterie (-gra-trî), n.f., huckster’s trade; huckstery, huckster’s wares.

regratti-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., huckster, huckstress; dealer in second-hand goods; (fig.) scribbler, compiler, hack; haggler.

regreffer, v.a., to graft again.

régressi-f, -ve, adj., regressive, retrogressive.

régression, n.f., regression, retrogression.

regret, n.m., regret. Avoir du —; to feel regret, to be sorry. J’ai — que vous n’ayez pas vu cette pièce; I regret that you have not seen that play. À —; with regret, with reluctance, grudgingly.

regrettable, adj., lamentable, regrettable, deplorable.

regrettablement, adv., lamentably.

regretter, v.a., to regret, to lament, to grieve (at); to be sorry (for); to repent, to miss. Tout le monde le regrette; he is regretted by everybody. Je regrette qu’il ne soit pas ici; I regret that he is not here. Je vous regrette; I miss you. Le regretté ...; the late lamented ...

regrossir, v.a., (engr.) to make thicker.

reguinder (-ghin-), v.a.n., to hoist again; to soar again.

se reguinder, v.r., to soar again (of a hawk).

régularisation, n.f., putting in order; settlement.

régulariser, v.a., to put in order, to settle.

régularité, n.f., regularity, strict observance (of rules); strictness; ecclesiastical state.

régulateur, n.m., regulator; standard. Le — d’une horloge; the regulator of a clock. — de tirage; damper.

régulat-eur, -rice, adj., regulating.

régule, n.m., (chem.) pure metal; (orni.) regulus, kinglet; (disparagingly, of persons) kingling, kinglet.

réguli-er, -ère, adj., regular, steady; punctual, exact.

régulier, n.m., regular (of monks, soldiers).

régulièrement (-lier-mān), adv., regularly, punctually, steadily.

régurgitation, n.f., reabsorption.

régurgiter, v.a., to throw, or pour, back.

réhabilitation, n.f., rehabilitation, vindication; (of bankrupts) discharge.

réhabiliter, v.a., to rehabilitate, to reinstate; to restore to; to vindicate.

se réhabiliter, v.r., to rehabilitate one’s self, to reinstate, to re-establish one’s self, to pay twenty shillings in the pound.

réhabituer, v.a., to use, to reaccustom.

se réhabituer, v.r., to reaccustom one’s self.

rehacher, v.a., to mince again.

rehanter, v.a., to frequent again.

rehasarder, v.a., to venture again.

rehaussé, -e, adj., heightened, enhanced; set off, enriched.

rehaussement (-hôs-mān), n.m., raising, heightening; enhancing; increase of value (of coin).

rehausser, v.a., to raise, to heighten, to set off, to enrich; to set forth, to extol, to cry up, to enhance, to raise the value of. — le mérite d’une action; to enhance the merit of an action. — d’or et d’argent; to enrich with gold and silver.

rehauts (rĕ-hô), n.m.pl., (paint.) lightest parts of a picture.

reheurter, v.a., to knock, or to hit, again.

réimportation, n.f., (com.) re-importation.

réimporter, v.a., to import again.

réimposer, v.a., to reassess; to lay on again; (print.) to reimpose.

réimposition, n.f., further assessment; (print.) reimposing.

réimpression, n.f., reprinting; reprint, reissue.

réimprimer, v.a., to print again, to reissue.

rein, n.m., kidney; rein (of an arch), skirt (of a wood). pl., loins, reins, back. Douleur dans les —s; pain in the loins. Poursuivre quelqu’un l’épée dans les —s; to pursue any one very close. Il a les —s forts; he is strong-backed; (fig.) he has a long purse. Douleur des —s; pains in the back. Se donner un tour de —s; to sprain one’s back. Chute des —s; small of the back. Les —s d’une voûte; the haunches, or shoulder, of a vault.

reinaire, adj., (bot.) having the shape of a kidney; reniform.

réincorporer, v.a., to reincorporate.

reine, n.f., queen. — régnante; reigning queen, queen regnant. — mère; queen mother. — douairière; queen dowager. Faire la —; to act the queen. —-des-prés, (—s-—) (bot.) meadow-sweet.

reine-claude, n.f., (—s-—) (bot.) greengage.

reine-marguerite, n.f., (—s-—s) (bot.) China-aster. Chinese starwort, starwort. V. marguerite.

reinette, n.f., russet; rennet; pippin. — d’Angleterre; golden pippin.

réinfecter, v.a., to reinfect, to taint again.

réinstallation, n.f., reinstallment.

réinstaller, v.a., to reinstall.

reinté, -e, adj., broad-loined, strong-backed.

réintégrande, n.f., (jur.) restoration.

réintégration, n.f., reinstatement; (com.) re-warehousing.

réintégrer, v.a., to reinstate; to re-warehouse.

réinventer, v.a., to invent anew.

réinviter, v.a., to invite again.

reis, n.m., (—) chief. —-effendi; Turkish Secretary of state for Foreign Affairs.

réitérati-f, -ve, adj., repeated, reiterative.

réitération, n.f., reiteration, repetition.

réitérer, v.a., to reiterate, to repeat.

reître, n.m., reiter (German horse soldier of the 14th and 15th centuries). C’est un vieux —; he is an old fox.

*rejaillir, v.n., to gush, to gush out, to spurt out, to fly out, to stream, to spring out, to spout, to spout out; to reflect, to be reflected, to flash; to fly back; to rebound, to cast a reflection (upon); to be hurled back.

*rejaillissement (-is-mān), n.m., gushing, gushing out, spouting, spouting forth, springing out, spurting, spurting out; springing, rebounding; reflection, flashing (of light); rebound, flying back (of a solid body).

rejaunir, v.n., to grow yellow again.

réjection, n.f., rejection.

rejet, n.m., rejection; throwing out; young shoot, sprig, sprout; (geol.) out-throw; (fin.) carrying; transfer; cast, swarm (of bees); springe (for woodcock).

rejetable, adj., that may be rejected, rejectable.

rejeteau, n.m., weather-board or bead (of a door or window).

rejeter (rĕj-té), v.a., to throw again; to drive back, to throw back; to cast or throw up or out; to throw, to throw away; to put forth (of plants); to refuse to accept, to reject; to set aside; to deny; (fin.) to carry; to transfer. — le blâme sur; to throw the blame on. — un compte sur; to carry or transfer an account (to).

se rejeter, v.r., to have recourse to, to fall back (upon); to throw back to each other; to be rejected.

rejeter, v.n., to shoot (of plants).

rejetoir, n.m., springe, gin, noose.

rejeton (rĕj-ton), n.m., (bot.) shoot, sprout; (hort.) offset; (fig.) scion, offspring.

rejettement, n.m., rejection.

rejoindre, v.a., to rejoin, to join again, to join; to reunite; to meet again; to overtake; to catch up.

se rejoindre, v.r., to join again, to catch each other up again, to be joined together again; to reunite, to meet again.

rejointoiement (-toa-mān), n.m., (mas.) rejointing; repointing.

rejointoyer, v.a., (mas.) to rejoint, to repoint.

rejouer, v.a., to play again; to act again. Se —; to be played, or acted, again.

rejouer, v.n., to play again; to recall a move.

réjoui, -e, n. and adj., jovial, joyous, merry person; jovial, joyous, merry. Un gros —; a jovial man; jolly fellow. Grosse —e; buxom woman, or lass.

réjouir, v.a., to rejoice, to gladden, to delight, to divert, to entertain, to make merry; to cheer, to exhilarate. Cette couleur réjouit la vue; that color pleases the eye. Le vin réjouit le cœur; wine makes the heart glad.

se réjouir, v.r., to be or to make merry, to enjoy one’s self; to rejoice (at); to be delighted (at), to enjoy one’s self, to be glad (of or at).

réjouissance, n.f., rejoicing; coarse meat; make-weight. pl., rejoicings, merry-making. En signe de —; as a sign of rejoicing.

réjouissant, -e, adj., jovial, joyous, cheerful; gladsome, rejoicing, cheering, diverting, amusing.

relâchant, -e, adj., loosening, opening, laxative, relaxing.

relâchant, n.m., opening medicine, laxative.

relâche, n.m., intermission, remission; discontinuance; rest, respite; relaxation; (thea.) no performance. Il y a — au théâtre ce soir; there is no performance at the theater this evening. —! closed (of theaters). Sans —; without intermission.

relâche, n.f., (nav.) any place fit to put into; putting into port; calling at a port.

relâché, -e, adj., loose, remiss, lax, relaxed. Morale —e; loose doctrine.

relâchement (-lâsh-mān), n.m., slackness, looseness, laxness; slackening, loosening, relaxing; diminution; intermission; abatement; relaxation, rest; remissness; laxity (of morals). — des nerfs; relaxing of the nerves.

relâcher, v.a., to slacken, to loose, to loosen, to unbend, to relax; to let go, to release, to set at liberty; to yield, to give up, to abate.

se relâcher, v.r., to grow slack or loose; to slacken, to abate, to give way, to relax, to unbend; to fall off; to flag; to get milder (of the weather). Se — l’esprit; to unbend one’s mind, to take relaxation.

relâcher, v.n., to abate, to remit, to relax, to flag; (nav.) to put into port, to touch at.

relais, n.m., relay (fresh horses); stage; posting-house (where fresh horses are taken). Chevaux de —; fresh horses; (hunt.) relay; opening (in carpet-making); (fort.) V. berme. Être de —; to be unemployed, to have nothing to do, to be disengaged, at leisure.

relaissé, adj.m., (hunt.) resting (of hares).

relaisser, v.n., (hunt.) to rest (of hares).

relancer, v.a., (hunt.) to start again; to turn out again; to urge, to rouse, to answer sharply, to put down, to take up short (by an answer). — quelqu’un; to put any one down; to take any one up short.

relaps, -e (rĕ-laps), n. and adj., relapser; relapsed; relapsed into heresy.

rélargir, v.a., to widen, to let out (clothes).

rélargissement (-jis-mān), n.m., widening; letting out (clothes).

relater, v.a., (jur.) to relate, to state.

relateur, n.m., (l.u.) relater, narrator.

relati-f, -ve, adj., relative, relating.

relatif, n.m., (gram.) relative.

relation, n.f., relation, reference; respect, account, recital; statement; connection. pl., relations, connections, intercourse; communication, correspondence. Être en —s avec quelqu’un; to be connected with any one, to be in correspondence with any one. — exacte; exact account.

relationnaire, n.m., narrator, relater.

relativement (-tiv-mān), adv., relatively, comparatively.

relativité, n.f., relativeness.

relatter, v.a., to lath anew.

relaver, v.a., to wash again.

relaxation, n.f., (jur., med.) laxness; enlargement; relaxation, abatement, remission. — d’un prisonnier; release of a prisoner.

relaxé, adj., relaxed, slackened, released.

relaxer, v.a., to relax; to enlarge; to release.

relayer, v.a., to take the place of, or to relieve, any one.

se relayer, v.r., to relieve one another; to take it in turns.

relayer, v.n., to take fresh horses, to change horses.

relayeur, n.m., job post-master.

relécher, v.a., to lick again.

relégation, n.f., (jur.) banishment; exile; relegation.

reléguer (-ghé), v.a., to banish; to send off; to shut up; to consign; to relegate; to seclude.

se reléguer, v.r., to shut one’s self up, to seclude one’s self.

relent, n.m., mustiness, moldiness. Sentir le —; to smell moldy.

relevage, n.m., raising; collection (of letters); clearing (letter boxes).

*relevailles (rĕl-vâ-ye), n.f.pl., churching of a woman. Faire ses —; to be churched.

relevant, -e (rĕl-vān, -t), adj., held, being holden; depending.

relevé (rĕl-vé), n.m., abstract, extract, statement, return; shifting (of a horse’s shoe). Faire un — de compte; to make an abstract of an account.

relevé, -e (rĕl-vé), adj., raised; erect; high, exalted, lofty, refined. Une condition —e; a high rank. Pensée —e; noble thought. D’un ton —; in a refined tone. De la viande d’un goût —; high-seasoned meat.

relevée (rĕl-vé), n.f., (jur.) afternoon. De —; in the afternoon.

relèvement (rĕ-lèv-mān), n.m., raising again; statement, account; (nav.) rising, bearing.

relever (rĕl-vé), v.a., to raise again, to lift up again; to tuck up; to restore; to raise; to curl up, to twirl up; to heighten, to relieve, to set off; to cry up, to extol; to notice, to remark; to take up; to give a relish to; to liberate, to free; to retort; to criticize; (nav.) to take the bearings of. — des fortifications; to restore fortifications. — un fossé; to raise up the banks of a ditch. — le courage de quelqu’un; to raise any one’s courage. Relevez votre robe; tuck up your gown. — les bords d’un chapeau; to turn up the rim of a hat. — un mot; to criticize a word. — la tête; to raise one’s head again. La parure relève la bonne mine; dress sets off a handsome face. — une action; to extol an action. — quelqu’un; to raise any one. Se faire — de ses vœux; to get one’s vows annulled. — la garde; to relieve guard. — une sentinelle; to relieve a sentry. — un vaisseau; to get a ship afloat again. — l’ancre; to shift the position of the anchor. — une côte; to take the bearings of a coast; to survey a coast. — le quart; (nav.) to set the watch.

se relever, v.r., to rise again; to get up again, to rise; to rise up, to get up; to recover, to retrieve one’s losses; to relieve each other; to take turns; to be raised; (nav.) to right itself (of a ship).

relever, v.r., to recover; to get better; to turn up; to depend; to be dependent upon; to be amenable (to) (jur.). — de maladie; to recover from illness. — de coucher; to be about again (after confinement); to be churched.

releveur, n.m. and adj., (anat.) levator; elevator.

reliage, n.m., hooping (of casks).

relief, n.m., relief, relievo, embossment; embossing; set-off. Bas-—, (—-—s) bas-relief, bass-relief, basso-relievo, low-relief. Haut, plein —, — entier; high-relief, alto-relievo. Demi-—, (—-—) demi-relievo. Ouvrage de —; work in relief. Donner du —; to set off; to give relief; to make conspicuous; to give importance to.

☉reliefs, n.m.pl., remains, leavings, broken scraps (from the table).

reliement, n.m., union, joining, junction; connecting, connection.

relier, v.a., to hoop (casks); to bind (books).

relieur, n.m., binder, bookbinder.

religieuse, n.f., nun.

religieusement (-eûz-mān), adv., religiously, strictly, scrupulously, faithfully.

religieu-x, -se, adj., religious, spiritual; exact, strict, punctual.

religieux, n.m., friar, monk, brother.

religion, n.f., religion, creed; religious worship; piety, godliness, faith; (fig.) scruple, conscientiousness, conscience. Se faire une — d’une chose; to make a thing a matter of conscience or of duty. — réformée; protestant religion. Entrer en —; to become a monk, a nun. Mourir en —; to die in the Lord, or to die a Christian.

religionnaire, n.m., Protestant.

religiosité, n.f., ☉excessive scrupulousness in religious matters; religiousness.

relimage, n.m., filing again.

relimer, v.a., to file again; to polish; to work up.

reliquaire, n.m., reliquary; shrine.

reliquat, n.m., balance, remainder of an account; remains (of a disease); ☉remains of a feast.

reliquataire, n.m., debtor owing a balance; debtor.

relique, n.f., relic. Les —s d’un saint; the shrine of a saint. Je n’ai pas grand’foi à ses —s; I have not much confidence in him.

relire, v.a., to read over again.

reliure, n.f., binding (of books).

relocation, n.f., (jur.) letting anew; reletting, fresh lease.

reloger, v.a. and n., to lodge again, to dwell again.

relouer, v.a., to let again; to underlet; to rent again.

reluire, v.n., to shine, to glitter, to glisten. Tout ce qui reluit n’est pas or; all is not gold that glitters.

reluisant, -e, adj., bright, shining, glittering.

reluquer, v.a., to cast sheep’s eyes on; to ogle; to leer at; to have an eye upon, to long for (fig.). — une terre; to covet a certain property. — un héritage; to covet an inheritance.

reluqueu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., ogler; coveter.

remâcher, v.a., to chew again, to ruminate; to revolve in one’s mind.

remaçonner, v.a., to repair (mas.). Se —; to be repaired.

*rémailler, v.a., to enamel again.

remailler, v.a., to mend, to repair the meshes of (in stockings, knitting, fishing nets, etc.).

remander, v.a., to send word again.

remaniement or remanîment, n.m., handling again; touching again; (print.) overrunning; doing over again, repairing, altering, changing.

remanier, v.a., to handle again; to touch again; to repair; to retouch, to do over again; (print.) to overrun. — le papier; (print.) to turn the paper.

remarchander, v.a., to haggle again.

remarcher, v.n., to walk or go again; to march again.

remarier, v.a., to marry again.

se remarier, v.r., to marry a second time; to be married again.

remarquable, adj., remarkable, conspicuous.

remarquablement, adv., remarkably, conspicuously.

remarque, n.f., remark, observation, notice. Digne de —; worthy of notice, noteworthy.

remarquer, v.a., to mark again, to make another mark; to note, to observe, to notice, to take notice; to remark, to distinguish. Se faire —; to attract notice, to distinguish one’s self. Faire —; to observe, to point out; to call attention to.

se remarquer, v.r., to be remarked, noticed.

remasquer, v.a., to mask again.

se remasquer, v.r., to put on one’s mask again.

remballage, n.m., re-packing.

remballer, v.a., to pack up again.

rembarquement, n.m., re-embarkation; re-embarkment, re-shipping, re-shipment.

rembarquer, v.a., to re-embark; to ship again.

se rembarquer, v.r., to re-embark; to go on board again; to engage again (in anything).

rembarrer, v.a., to repel, to repulse; to retort on, to set down, to take up short, to stop at once.

remblai, n.m., filling up; embanking; rubbish.

remblayer, v.a., to embank, to fill up (with rubbish); to resow (with corn).

remboîtement (-boat-mān), n.m., setting (of a bone); fitting in again, clamping.

remboîter, v.a., to set (a bone); to fit in again, to clamp (pieces of joinery).

rembourrage or rembourrement (ran-boor-), n.m., stuffing, padding.

rembourrer, v.a., to stuff (with flock or hair); to stuff out, to pad.

se rembourrer, v.r., (pop.) to stuff up (to eat gluttonously).

remboursable, adj., repayable, reimbursable; (fin.) redeemable.

remboursement, n.m., reimbursement, repayment. Contre —; on payment, on cash remittance. Faire suivre en —; to require payment on delivery, to charge forward.

rembourser, v.a., to reimburse, to repay, to refund.

se rembourser, v.r., to reimburse one’s self, to repay one’s self.

rembraser, v.a., to kindle again.

rembrasser, v.a., to embrace again.

rembruni, -e, adj., brown, dark, gloomy, dull, cloudy. Un air —; a gloomy look. Teint —; dark complexion.

rembrunir, v.a., to make dark or darker, to darken; to cloud; to sadden.

se rembrunir, v.r., to get, or grow, darker; to become cloudy, gloomy; to become sad, melancholy. Son front se rembrunit; his brow grew darker.

rembrunissement (-nis-mān), n.m., darkening, becoming darker.

rembuchement (-bûsh-mān), n.m., (hunt.) return to covert.

se rembucher, v.r., (hunt.) to return to covert.

remède, n.m., remedy; medicine, cure; (med.) clyster. Sans —; without remedy, past recovery. Susceptible de —; remediable, not by any means hopeless. Être dans les —s; to take remedies. Se mettre dans les —s; to take remedies, physic. Apporter du — à; to remedy, to stop. Un — à tous maux; a plaster for all sores. Le grand —; the grand remedy, mercury. A chose faite point de —; what is done cannot be undone. C’est un vrai — d’amour que cette femme! that woman is a horrid old fright.

remédiable, adj., remediable.

remédier, v.n., to remedy, to cure, to stop. — à un mal; to remedy an evil. On ne saurait y —; that can’t be helped.

remêler, v.a., to mix again; to shuffle again.

remémora-teur, -trice, adj., reminding.

remémorati-f, -ve, adj., commemorative; reminding.

☉remémorer, v.a., to put in mind of, to remind of.

☉se remémorer, v.r., to recollect.

remener, v.a., to take back, to lead back; to carry back, to bring back (a person).

remerciement or remercîment, n.m., thanks. Faire des —s; to return thanks.

remercier, v.a., to thank, to give or return thanks; to decline; not to accept; to discharge. Je vous remercie; I thank you.

réméré, n.m., (jur.) redemption, repurchase. Faculté de —; power of redemption. Vente à —; sale with power of redemption.

remesurer, v.a., to measure again.

remetteu-r, -se, n.m.f., remitter, remittor.

remettre, v.a., to put again, to put on again, to wear again; to put back, to put back again, to set again; to lay again; to set (a bone); to restore, to reinstate; to recover, to make well; to reassure; to remove; to deliver, to give up; to return, to deliver up, to hand over; to put off, to delay; to remit, to forgive, to pardon; to leave one the care of; to intrust; to remember, to recognize. — à la voile; to set sail again. — l’épée dans le fourreau; to put up one’s sword. — une armée sur pied; to raise new forces. — dans l’esprit; to remind. — quelqu’un; to recollect any one, to know any one again. Je vous remets; I recollect your face. — en bon ordre; to restore to order. — en bonne intelligence; to reconcile, to reunite. Le voilà tout à fait remis; he is quite recovered. — l’esprit; to soothe the mind (of). — une lettre à son adresse; to deliver a letter (to its address). Faire —; to have something, or to cause something to be, delivered, conveyed, or handed over; to send, to forward. — de l’argent; to remit money. — d’un jour à l’autre; to put off from day to day. — une chose à la décision de quelqu’un; to refer a matter to any one. — en question; to unsettle, to call in question again.

se remettre, v.r., to apply one’s self again; to resume; to set one’s self again; to call to mind; to recover from, to grow well again; to recover, or to compose, one’s self; (hunt.) to light (of birds); to resign one’s self; to refer, to rely. Se — à table; to sit down again to table. Remettez-vous; compose yourself. Se — une chose; to recollect a thing. S’en — à; to refer to; to trust to. S’en — à quelqu’un; to refer a thing to any one, to leave, to intrust (to). Se — au beau; (of the weather) to mend, to become fine again. Se — en route; to resume one’s journey.

remeubler, v.a., to refurnish.

réminiscence, n.f., reminiscence.

rémipède, n.m., (zoöl.) remiped.

remis, -e, part., put back, put off; drawn (of a game); (of weather) settled, fine again. Partie —e; drawn game. Ce n’est que partie —e; it is only a pleasure deferred.

remisage, n.m., housing; coach-house, shed.

remise, n.f., giving up; delivery; delay; deferring; remittance; reduction, abatement; commission, allowance; coach-house, mews; (hunt.) cover (for game); place of lighting (of partridges). Il use toujours de —; he is always putting off. La — d’une audience; the putting off of a hearing. Faire une —; to make a remittance, to remit. Faire — de; to forgive, to remit. Il est sous la —; he is on the shelf. Sous la —; in the coach-house.

remise, n.m., coach let on hire; hired brougham. Voiture de —; livery carriage (as hired from the stables, in opposition to voiture de place, taken from the stand).

remiser, v.a., to put in the coach-house; to house; to put by.

rémissible, adj., remissible, pardonable, excusable.

rémission, n.f., remission, mercy, forgiveness, pardon.

rémissionnaire, n.m., pardoned criminal.

rémittent, -e, adj., (med.) remitting.

remmaillage, n.m., re-stitching, mending.

remmailler, v.a., to re-stitch, to mend, to remake the meshes of. V. remailler.

*remmailloter (rān-ma-), v.a., to rewrap (in swaddling-clothes).

remmancher (rān-mān-), v.a., to put a new haft or handle to, to haft again.

remmener (rān-mné), v.a., to take back, to carry back, to lead back; to take away again (a person).

remodeler (-mo-dlé), v.a., to model anew.

rémolade or remolade, n.f. V. rémoulade.

remole, n.f. V. remous.

remontage, n.m., new fronting, vamping (of boots); (tech.) remounting, putting together again, fitting up again.

remonte, n.f., (milit.) remount; (of studs) new leap; going up stream.

remonter, v.n., to reascend; to go up again; to go back, to trace back; to date (from) (with reference to time); to rise, to rise again; to remount. — à cheval; to get on horseback again. — sur sa bête; to recover one’s losses. — à la source, à l’origine d’une chose; to trace a thing back to its origin.

remonter, v.a., to reascend; to go up again; to put together again; to remount (cavalry); to rise (of public securities); to fit up; to stock; to go up; to wind up (a watch, a clock); to new-string (of instruments). — une rivière, un fleuve; to ascend a river. — une montre; to wind up a watch. — des bottes; to new-front, or to vamp, boots. — un fusil; to new-stock a gun. — le moral à quelqu’un; to revive the spirits of any one. — un magasin; to stock a warehouse anew.

se remonter, v.r., to stock one’s self again; to wind up (watches); (fig.) to recover one’s strength, health, or spirits.

remontoir, n.m., key (for winding up clocks); keyless action (in watches).

remontrance, n.f., remonstrance.

remontrant, n.m., remonstrant.

remontrer, v.a., to demonstrate, to represent, to lay before, to point out, to show, to show again; to remonstrate; (hunt.) to show where the game has passed. En — à quelqu’un; to be more than a match for, to outdo any one; to put up to a thing or two. C’est gros Jean qui remontre à son curé; it is teaching one’s grandmother how to suck eggs.

se remontrer, v.r., to show one’s self again.

rémora, n.m., (—s) (ich.) remora; suck-fish; (fig.) hindrance, impediment, obstacle.

remordre, v.a. and n., to bite again anything or anybody; to attack again; to try again; (fig., of conscience) to torment, to rack.

remords (re-mor), n.m., remorse, compunction. Avoir des —s; to feel remorse. Sans —; remorseless. Etouffer ses —; to stifle remorse.

rémore, n.f. V. rémora.

remorquage, n.m., (nav.) towing.

remorque, n.f., towing (a ship). Prendre a la —; to take in tow. Se mettre à la —; to get into tow. Câble de —; tow-line. À la — de; in tow of; (fig.) under the influence, or leadership, of; in the train, or wake, of.

remorquer, v.a., (nav.) to tow, to tug, to drag.

remorqueur, n.m., tug, towing-vessel.

remorqueuse, n.f., (railways) pilot-engine.

à rémotis (-tiss), adv., (l.u.) aside, by. Mettre à —; to put by.

remoucher, v.a., to snuff the candle again; to wipe again the nose of.

se remoucher, v.r., to blow one’s nose again.

remoudre, v.a., to grind again (corn, etc.).

rémoudre, v.a., to sharpen, or to whet, again.

*remouiller, v.a., to wet again.

rémoulade, n.f., (cook.) sharp mustard-sauce; (vet.) sprain-ointment.

rémouleur, n.m., grinder, knife-grinder.

remous, n.m., eddy, dead-water, back-water.

*rempaillage, n.m., re-covering with straw; restuffing, rebottoming.

*rempailler, v.a., to rebottom or new-bottom (a chair).

*rempailleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., chair-mender.

rempaquement (-pak-mān), n.m., barreling of herrings.

rempaqueter (-pak-té), v.a., to pack up again.

remparer, v.a., to fortify, to bulwark; to intrench; to cover.

se remparer, v.r., to fortify one’s self (by ramparts); to take possession again.

rempart, n.m., rampart, bulwark.

remplaçable, adj., replaceable.

remplaçant, n.m., substitute.

remplacement (-plas-mān), n.m., replacing; replacement; fresh supply; (fin.) reinvestment. Bureau de —; office for providing substitutes for the army. Le — a été aboli en France par la loi de 1872; the replacing of recruits by substitutes was abolished in France by law in 1872. En — de; instead of, in place of.

remplacer, v.a., to replace, to take the place of; to serve as a substitute; to reinvest. Vous le remplacerez pendant son absence; you will fill his place during his absence. Se faire —; to get a substitute.

se remplacer, v.r., to be replaced; to get a fresh supply of anything.

remplage, n.m., the filling up, adding (of wine-casks); fillings, rubble (mas.).

rempli, n.m., tuck, fold, turning in.

rempli, -e, adj., full, replete, fraught (with).

remplier, v.a., to make a tuck, to turn in.

remplir, v.a., to fill again; to fill, to fill up; to cram, to stuff; to take up, to occupy; to supply, to furnish; to keep, to hold; to fulfill, to discharge; to perform; to answer, to come up to; to pay back. Il remplit bien son temps; he employs his time well. — un poste; to hold a post. — ses engagements; to fulfill one’s engagements. — une tâche; to perform a task. — l’attente de quelqu’un; to answer any one’s expectation.

se remplir, v.r., to fill one’s self; to cram, or stuff, one’s self; to fill, to become full.

remplissage, n.m., filling, filling up (of casks); filling out; (fig.) rubbish, trash, padding.

remplisseuse, n.f., (needlework) filler-in, point-lace mender.

remploi, n.m., (jur.) re-investment, re-employment.

remployer, v.a., to use again, to re-invest.

remplumer, v.a., to feather again; (mus.) to quill anew.

se remplumer, v.r., to get new feathers; to retrieve one’s losses; to get stout again; to pick up again.

rempocher, v.a., to pocket again.

rempoigner, v.a., to catch hold of again, to seize again, to recapture.

rempoisonner (rān-poa-zo-né), v.a., to poison again.

rempoissonnement (rām-poa-so-n-mān), n.m., re-stocking with fish.

rempoissonner (rān-poa-so-né), v.a., to re-stock with fish.

remporter, v.a., to carry, or take, back; to carry away or off, to take away or off; to get, to obtain; to bear off; to win. — un prix; to carry off a prize. — la victoire; to win the victory.

rempotage, n.m., (gard.) re-potting.

rempoter, v.a., (gard.) to re-pot.

remprisonnement, n.m., reimprisonment.

remprisonner, v.a., to reimprison.

remprunter, v.a., to borrow again.

remuable, adj., movable.

remuage, n.m., moving, stirring.

remuant, -e, adj., restless, stirring; unquiet; bustling, busy; turbulent, seditious.

remue-ménage, n.m., (—) stir, rummage; disturbance, bustle, confusion.

remuement or remûment, n.m., stirring; moving, commotion, disturbance.

remue-queue, n.m., (—). V. hochequeue.

remuer, v.a., to move, to stir; to rouse; to turn up; to disturb, to handle; to affect, to shake, to wag; to shuffle (of dominoes); to change the linen (of a baby). — la tête; to shake one’s head. — des meubles; to rummage, or move, furniture. — la queue; to wag its tail (of a dog). — ciel et terre; to leave no stone unturned, to move heaven and earth.

se remuer, v.r., to stir, to move; to bestir one’s self, to bustle about; to fidget.

remuer, v.n., to stir, to move; to make a disturbance; to fidget.

remueu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., mover, stirrer.

remueuse, n.f., nurse-maid.

☉remugle, n.m. V. renfermé.

rémunérateur, n.m., rewarder, remunerator, requiter.

rémunérat-eur, -rice, adj., remunerative.

☉rémunérati-f, -ve, adj., remunerative.

rémunération, n.f., remuneration, reward.

rémunératoire, adj., remuneratory.

rémunérer, v.a., to remunerate, to reward.

renâcler, v.n., (pop.) to snuff, to snort (in anger); to turn up one’s nose; to be unwilling, to be reluctant, to hang back, to demur.

renaissance, n.f., regeneration, new birth, revival, renewal; renaissance, renascence. — des lettres; revival of letters.

renaissant, -e, adj., springing up again, growing up again, reviving, returning, renascent, recurring.

renaître, v.n., to be born again; to grow again, to come up again; to appear again, to spring up again, to rise again; to revive, to reappear, to recur. Toute la nature renaît; all nature revives. Le jour renaît; day reappears. — à la vie; to return to life. — au bonheur; to be restored to happiness.

rénal, -e, adj., (anat.) renal.

renard, n.m., (mam.) fox; (mam.) dog-fox; fox, cunning dog, sly fellow; (astron.) Fox; (engineering) leak; (pop.) vomit, spew. — américain; raccoon. Queue-de-—, (—s-—) fox’s brush; (bot.) prince’s-feather. — marin; sea-ape. Fin —; cunning dog, sly fox. Se confesser au —; to tell one’s secret to an enemy. Le — prêche aux poules; the devil rebukes sin. Prendre marte pour —; to mistake one person for another. Compère le —, maître —; Reynard the fox (Lafontaine).

renarde, n.f., (mam.) she-fox; (fig.) catamaran.

renardeau, n.m., fox’s cub.

renarder, v.n., to play the fox; (pop.) to vomit; to shoot the cat.

renardier, n.m., fox-catcher.

renardière, n.f., fox’s burrow.

☉renasquer, v.n. V. renâcler.

rencaissage or rencaissement, n.m., (hort.) putting again into wooden boxes; (fin.) re-encashing.

rencaisser, v.a., to put again into boxes; (fin.) to pay again into the bank, to re-encash; to get in money.

renchéri, -e, adj., risen in price, higher-priced; over-particular, over-nice (of a person).

renchéri, n.m., -e, n.f., particular person, nice person. Faire le —, faire la —e; to be mighty particular, to give one’s self airs.

renchérir, v.a. and n., to raise the price of; to get dearer; to rise. — sur; to improve upon; to go beyond, to outstrip.

renchérissement (-ris-mān), n.m., rise in price.

renclouer, v.a., (milit.) to spike again.

*rencogner, v.a., (fam.) to draw back, to drive, or to get, into a corner.

se *rencogner, v.r., to hide or crouch in a corner.

rencontre, n.f., meeting; encounter, accidental meeting; accident, chance; collision; accidental fight; duel; opportunity, occurrence, case; juncture; coincidence; collision. Aller, venir, à la — de quelqu’un; to go to meet, or to come to meet, any one. De —; second-hand. Marchandise de —; second-hand goods. Roue de — d’une horloge; balance-wheel of a clock. Vaisseaux de —; (chem.) vessels fitting into each other. Une mauvaise —; an unpleasant encounter.

rencontre, n.m., (her.) rencounter.

rencontrer, v.a., to meet, to meet with, to fall in with; to light upon; to find, to encounter; to meet, to encounter (in a hostile manner).

se rencontrer, v.r., to meet, to meet each other, to meet with each other, to be met with; to be seen; to agree, to coincide; to meet, to encounter (in a duel). Nos idées se rencontrent; our ideas coincide, or tally. Cela ne se rencontre pas tous les jours; that does not happen, that is not to be met with, every day. Les beaux esprits se rencontrent; great wits jump together.

rencontrer, v.n., to have good or ill luck, to be fortunate or unfortunate; to guess; to speak to the purpose, to make a hit. Vous avez bien rencontré; you have hit the right nail on the head. Le limier rencontre; the blood-hound is on the scent.

rencorser, v.a., to put a new body (to).

rendage, n.m., (tech.) product of raw materials; daily product of a lime-kiln; yield, output.

rendement (rand-mān), n.m., produce, yield, output.

se rendetter, v.r., to run, or get, into debt again.

rendeu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., one who renders, restorer.

rendez-vous, n.m., (—) rendezvous, meeting, appointment; place of meeting, place of resort. Donner un — à quelqu’un; to make an appointment with any one. Prendre —; to make an appointment. Se donner —; to make an appointment; to agree to meet; to resort.

rendonnée, n.f. V. randonnée.

rendormir, v.a., to lull to sleep again, to send to sleep again.

se rendormir, v.r., to fall, or go, to sleep again.

rendoubler, v.a., to turn in, to turn down; to fold up, to double up.

rendre, v.a., to render, to return, to restore, to give back, to give again; to pay back, to repay, to refund, to pay again; to deliver up, to yield, to yield up, to give up, to render up, to surrender; to carry, to convey, to transport, to take; to cast up, to cast out, to eject, to void, to throw up, to throw off one’s stomach; to do, to pay, to give; to make; to produce, to bear, to bring in; to translate; to reward; to express, to convey, to represent; to issue; to exhale, to emit, to send forth, to give out; (jur.) to remit; (jur.) to surrender; (jur.) to return, to find, to bring in; to give in; to give (verdict). Rendez-moi mon reste; give me my change. — de l’ouvrage; to take work home. — le salut; to return a salute. — hommage; to render homage. Je vous rends grâce; I return you thanks. — ses respects, ses devoirs à quelqu’un; to pay one’s respects, one’s duty, to any one. — compte; to give an account. — visite; to pay a visit. — à quelqu’un sa visite; to return any one his call. — justice à quelqu’un; to do any one justice. — la justice; to administer, or to dispense, justice. — service à quelqu’un; to do any one a service. — la pareille; to return like for like. — le bien pour le mal; to return good for evil. — avec usure; to return with interest. Dieu vous le rende! may God reward you! — la santé; to restore health. — un prisonnier à la liberté; to set a prisoner at liberty. L’expérience l’a rendu sage; experience has made him wise, has taught him wisdom. — une place; (milit.) to surrender a town. — les armes; to lay down one’s arms. — une médecine; to throw up a dose of physic. — gorge; to refund; to disgorge. — raison; to account for, to give a reason. Rendez-moi raison de votre conduite; explain your conduct to me. — raison à quelqu’un; to give any one satisfaction, to fight a duel. — un arrêt; to issue a decree. — témoignage; to bear witness. — à quelqu’un sa parole; to release any one from his promise. — l’âme; to give up the ghost. — le pain bénit; (c.rel.) to make the bread-offering. — un paquet, — une lettre; to take a parcel, a letter, to its destination. — des marchandises en un lieu; to take, to carry, to convey goods to a place. Montez dans ma voiture, en deux heures je vous rendrai là; get into my carriage, in two hours I will take you there. Ce fermier rend tant de sa ferme; that farmer pays so much for his farm.

se rendre, v.r., to make one’s self, to render one’s self; to become, to turn; to go, to repair, to proceed, to resort; to wait upon any one; to flow; to yield, to surrender, to surrender one’s self, to give one’s self up; to be worn out, to be tired out, to be exhausted. Se — partie contre quelqu’un; to declare against any one. Se — à son devoir; to go where duty calls. Le sang se rend au cœur; the blood flows to the heart. Se — prisonnier; to surrender one’s self prisoner, to give one’s self up. Je me rends; I am tired out; I give up.

rendre, v.n., to lead (to) (of roads); to evacuate, to void; to run (of wounds).

rendre, n.m., repayment, refunding, returning.

rendu, -e, part., arrived; rendered, delivered; exhausted, tired out, knocked up, spent (of a horse). Je suis —; I am quite exhausted, fagged out, done up. Un cheval qui est —; a spent horse.

rendu, n.m., return, tit for tat.

renduire, v.a., to plaster anew; to daub over again; to give a new coating (to).

rendurcir, v.a., to make harder.

se rendurcir, v.r., to become harder; to become hardened.

rêne, n.f., rein. Prendre les —s; to take the reins.

renégat, n.m., -e, n.f., renegade.

reneiger, v.n., to snow again.

rêner, v.a., to bridle, to bridle (in) (a horse).

rénette, n.f., green frog; (vet.) paring knife; marking tool.

rénetter, v.a., (vet.) to furrow, to mark, to groove.

renettoyer, v.a., to clean again.

renfaîtage, n.m., repairing the top of a roof, new-ridging.

renfaîter, v.a., to new-ridge, to mend the top of a roof.

renfermé, n.m., fustiness; musty, or close, or confined, air. Sentir le —; to smell close or fusty.

renfermer, v.a., to shut up, to confine; to comprehend, to include, to contain; to conceal, to hide.

se renfermer, v.r., to shut one’s self up, to confine one’s self. Se — en soi-même; to retire within one’s self, to commune with one’s self.

renfiler, v.a., to thread again, to new-string.

renflammer, v.a., to rekindle.

se renflammer, v.r., to be rekindled.

renflé, -e, adj., swollen, swelling; (bot.) inflated, puffed out; risen (of dough); bossed.

renflement, n.m., swelling, enlargement; (bot.) struma.

renfler, v.n., se renfler, v.r., to swell, to swell out; to rise.

renflouage, n.m., (nav.) getting a ship afloat again, refloating, raising.

renflouer, v.a., (nav.) to refloat, to raise.

renfoncement (-fons-mān), n.m., cavity; hollow, recess; (of a door) doorway; (print.) indentation; (arch.) break; (paint.) background.

renfoncer, v.a., to drive further in, to drive deeper, to pull further on; to pull over one’s eyes; (print.) to indent; (of a cask) to new bottom.

renforçage, n.m., strengthening.

renforcé, -e, adj., strong, thick; substantial; wealthy; stout; thick-set, downright, regular. Des vers —s de pensées; verses very rich in thought. C’est un bourgeois —; he is a substantial, purse-proud citizen. Un bidet —; a strong thick-set nag. Une étoffe —e; a thick strong stuff. Sottise —e; downright stupidity.

renforcement, n.m., reënforcing, strengthening.

renforcer, v.a., to reënforce; to strengthen; to augment, to increase. — le son d’un instrument; to increase the sound of an instrument.

se renforcer, v.r., to gather strength; to increase, to grow stronger; (milit.) to be reënforced.

renformir, v.a., (mas.) to re-plaster, to mend (a wall, etc.).

renformis, n.m., (mas.) pargeting, plastering, new coat; repairing (of a wall).

renfort, n.m., reënforcement, supply, relief, addition, increase; strengthening piece. À grand — de; with the help of, by dint of, with any amount of tugging (at) or plying (of). De —; extra, additional, fresh.

*renfrogné, renfrognement, se renfrogner. V. refrogné, refrognement, se refrogner.

rengagement (-gaj-mān), n.m., re-engagement; (milit.) re-enlistment; pledging, pawning again.

rengager, v.a., to engage again, to re-engage; (milit.) to re-enlist; to pledge, to pawn again. — un domaine; to mortgage a domain. — son cœur; to engage one’s heart again.

se rengager, v.r., to engage again, to re-engage, to begin afresh; (milit.) to re-enlist.

rengaîne, n.m., (pop.) refusal. Il a un furieux —; there is no making him accept; there is no conciliating him.

rengaine, n.f., (pop.) threadbare, common-place story; hackneyed expression; harping on; worn-out expedient. C’est toujours la même —; it’s the same old story.

rengaîner, v.a., to sheath, to put up; to suppress, to withdraw, to stop, to reserve. — une épée; to put up a sword. Rengaînez votre compliment; pocket, or withhold, your compliment (i.e., keep it to yourself).

rengaîner, v.n., to sheath one’s sword, to put up one’s sword. Rengaînez, messieurs! put up, gentlemen.

rengorgement, n.m., bridling up, carrying one’s head high; airs (of importance).

se rengorger, v.r., to carry it with a high hand, to carry one’s head high, to bridle up, to give one’s self airs.

rengraisser, v.a., to fatten again.

se rengraisser, v.r., to grow fat, or stout, again; to become fat again, to fatten again.

rengraisser, v.n., to grow fat, to become fat, or stout, again.

rengrènement (-grè-n-mān), n.m., (coin.) re-coinage, re-coining, re-stamping.

rengréner, v.a., to grind corn again; (coin.) to coin again, to re-coin, to re-stamp; (mec.) to throw into gear again, to engage again.

renhardir, v.a., to embolden; to encourage again.

reniable, adj., deniable.

reniement or renîment, n.m., denying, disowning; denial of St. Peter.

renier, v.a., to deny, to disown; to disavow, to abjure, to disclaim, to renounce, to forswear. — sa religion; to abjure one’s religion.

reniflement, n.m., sniffing; snuffing up (of horses).

renifler, v.n., to sniff; to turn up one’s nose (at); to manifest unwillingness, to demur, to hang back. Ce cheval renifle sur l’avoine; this horse is off his feed.

reniflerie, n.f., sniffing.

renifleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., sniffer.

réniforce, adj., kidney-shaped.

rénitence, n.f., (med.) renitency.

rénitent, -e, adj., (med.) renitent.

reniveler, v.a., to level again.

renivellement, n.m., new-leveling.

renjamber, v.a., to jump, or step, over again.

renne (rè-n), n.m., reindeer.

renom (-non), n.m., renown, fame, reputation, report, note, name. Être en —; to be popular.

renommé, -e, adj., renowned, famous, noted, celebrated, famed.

renommée, n.f., renown, fame, name, reputation, celebrity; report, repute; rumor; (myth.) Fame. Bonne — vaut mieux que ceinture dorée; a good name is better than riches.

renommer, v.a., to name again, to re-elect; to render renowned, to render famous, to make renowned, to make famous. Se faire —; to spread one’s fame; to acquire fame; to make one’s self famous; to have one’s self re-elected.

se renommer, v.r., to make use of the name of any one. V. se réclamer (de).

renonce, n.f., renounce, revoke (at cards).

renoncement (-nōns-mān), n.m., renouncing, renouncement. — à soi-même; self-denial, abnegation.

renoncer, v.n., to renounce, to give up, to surrender; to forego, to relinquish, to lay down, to disclaim, to waive; to revoke, to renounce (at cards). — à la couronne; to renounce the crown. — à une succession; to give up an inheritance. — à sa foi; to renounce one’s faith.

renoncer, v.a., to renounce, to disclaim, to disown, to deny, to disavow.

renonciat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., (jur.) renouncer, relessor.

renonciation, n.f., renunciation, renouncement; self-denial.

renonculacées, n.f.pl., (bot.) ranunculaceæ.

renoncule, n.f., (bot.) ranunculus, buttercup, crowfoot, spearwort.

renouée, n.f., (bot.) polygonum, knot-berry, knot-grass.

☉renouement or renoûment, n.m., renewing, renewal.

renouer, v.a., to knot again, to tie again; to tie up; to put together; to resume, to renew. — amitié; to be friends again. — l’amitié de parents; to reconcile relations. — une affaire; to resume business. — connaissance; to renew acquaintance with.

renouer, v.n., to resume one’s relations, to resume one’s connection.

renoueu-r, n.m., -se, n.f. V. rebouteur.

☉renouveau, n.m., (fam. poet.) spring, spring-time.

renouvelable, adj., renewable.

renouveler (-noo-vlé), v.a., to renew, to renovate, to revive, to resuscitate; to refresh; to repeat, to do again. — un usage; to revive a custom.

se renouveler, v.r., to be renewed, to be revived, to succeed each other; to happen, or occur, again.

renouveler, v.n., to renew, to redouble, to increase. — de jambes; to walk briskly again with renewed strength. — d’appétit; to eat again with a fresh appetite. — d’attention; to redouble one’s attention, to be doubly attentive. — d’ardeur; to show more eagerness.

renouvellement (-vèl-mān), n.m., renewing, renewal, reviving; reiteration, repetition; recurrence; increase, redoubling.

rénovat-eur, -rice, adj., renovating.

rénovation, n.f., renovation, renewal.

*renseignement, n.m., information, intelligence; account; indication, direction, inquiry. pl., references, information. Prendre des —s; to make inquiries, to gather information. Aller aux —s; to make inquiries. Bureau de —s; intelligence-office, inquiry-office.

*renseigner, v.a., to teach again, to instruct again; to inform, to give information, to show, to tell, to direct. Se —; to get information; to make inquiries; to inform one’s self.

rensemencement, n.m., (agri.) re-sowing.

rensemencer, v.a., (agri.) to sow again, to re-sow.

rentamer, v.a., to cut again, to begin again; to resume. — un discours; to resume a speech.

rentassé, -e, adj., thick-set.

rentasser, v.a., to heap up again.

rente, n.f., yearly income, revenue; rent, annuity; stock, funds; pension. — foncière; ground-rent. — viagère or à fonds perdu; life-annuity. Le taux de la —; the price of stocks. —s sur l’Etat; government-stock. La — hausse; the stocks are rising. Acheter des —s; to buy stock, to invest in the funds. Faire une — à; to allow a pension to, to make an allowance to. Vivre de ses —s; to do nothing; to be independent; to live on one’s income, to be a gentleman at large. Racheter une —; to redeem an annuity. Avoir des —s; to have an independent income; to have money invested. Il lui fait une —; he allows him, or her, a pension.

renté, -e, adj., who has an income; endowed (of public establishments). Bien —; rich, wealthy.

renter, v.a., to allow a yearly income to; to endow (public establishments).

renti-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., stockholder, fund-holder, annuitant; independent gentleman; independent lady; gentleman at large.

rentoilage, n.m., new-lining, re-lining, re-canvassing. — d’un tableau; stretching a picture upon new cloth.

rentoiler, v.a., to put new cloth (to a thing); to reline. — un tableau; to stretch, to paste, an old painting on new canvas.

rentrage, n.m., bringing in, taking in, housing.

rentraîner, v.a., to carry away again, to lead away again, to draw on, in, again.

rentraire (rentrayant, rentrait), v.a., to fine-draw, to darn, to renter.

rentraiture, n.f., fine-drawing, rentering, darn, darning; joining on.

rentrant, adj., re-entering, returning; (geom., fort.) re-entering.

rentrant, n.m., new player. On demande un —; a new player is wanted.

rentrayeu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., fine-drawer.

rentré, -e, part., returned, re-entered; (med.) suppressed, driven in. Sueur —e; checked perspiration.

rentrée, n.f., re-entrance; re-opening; re-appearance; taking in, housing, ingathering (of crops); (com.) incoming, receipt, payment, collection, getting-in of taxes; returns; (hunt.) return. À la — des classes; at the beginning of term. Cet acteur a fait sa —; (thea.) that actor has made his re-appearance. — des impôts; getting in of the taxes. Ce revenu est d’une — difficile; this revenue is slow in coming in. Frais de —; collection expenses.

rentrer, v.n., to enter again, to return, to come in again, to go in again, to get in again; to re-enter, to join again; to become again, to get again; to recover; to re-open (of courts of law, schools, colleges); to make one’s reappearance, to reappear (of an actor); to return to, to resume; (med.) to be suppressed, to be driven in; (engr.) to retouch; to be got in, to come in (of money); to buy in (at cards). — en possession; to regain possession. — en son bien; to recover one’s property. — en grâce; to come into favor again. — en soi-même; to examine one’s self, to commune with one’s self. — en son bon sens; to come to one’s senses again. — en charge; to return to one’s post. — en condition; to go in service again. — en fonctions; to resume one’s duties. — en fureur; to fly into a passion again, to get into a passion again. Faire —; to drive in. Il m’est rentré beau jeu; I have secured good cards. — dans la ville; to return to town. Cet acteur rentre ce soir; that actor makes his reappearance this evening.

rentrer, v.a., to take in, to bring in, to put in, to get in, to house; to suppress, to check, to stifle; (med.) to drive in; (nav.) to bowse in; to house guns; (print.) to indent. Voici le moment de — les foins; now is the season for getting in the hay. — une ligne; (print.) to indent a line.

renvahir, v.a., to invade again.

renvelopper (ran-vlo-pé), v.a., to wrap up again.

renverger, v.a., to edge (baskets).

renverguer, v.a., (nav.) to bend a sail again (to the yards).

renversable, adj., reversible, liable to be overthrown.

renversant, -e, adj., (fam.) astounding, stupendous, amazing, extraordinary; stunning. Un coup —; a stunning, knock-down blow.

à la renverse, adv., backwards, upon one’s back. Tomber à la —; to fall backwards.

renversé, -e, part., thrown down, thrown back, pliant; (her.) inverted. Il a l’esprit —; his brain is turning. C’est le monde —; it is the world turned upside down (i.e. it is preposterous).

renversement, n.m., reversing, overturning, throwing down, throwing over, overthrowing; turning upside down; confusion, disorder; turning, alienation (of the brain); subversion, destruction; (surg.) retroversion, prolapse; (mus.) inversion, revert, reversing; (arith.) inversion; (nav.) ☉transshipment, V. transbordement. — d’un état; overthrow of a state. — des lois; subversion of the laws. — de la paupière; (med.) eversion of the eyelid.

renverser, v.a., to reverse, to turn upside-down, to turn topsy-turvy; to throw down, to upset, to tumble down, to overthrow, to overturn; to spill; to turn (the brain); to disorder, to confuse; to destroy, to ruin; to astound, to stupefy, to overwhelm; to transpose; (milit.) to put to flight, to rout, to put to the rout; to invert; (surg.) to retrovert; (nav.) ☉to transship, V. transborder. — à coups de canon; to batter down. — la table; to upset the table. — un bataillon; to break, to overthrow, a battalion. — un état; to overthrow a state. Ceci lui renversera l’esprit; this will turn his brain. — l’encre; to spill the ink, to knock the ink over. — la vapeur; (rail.) to reverse the engine. — une voiture; to upset a carriage.

se renverser, v.r., to fall down, to turn upside down, to upset, to be upset, to be thrown down, to overset, to be overset, to capsize; to be capsized, to be spilt; to throw one’s self back, to fall back, to lie on one’s back; (milit.) to be thrown into disorder, to be thrown back; (surg.) to be retroverted.

renverseur, n.m., overthrower; subverter; inverter, destroyer; transposer.

renvi, n.m., revy, additional stake.

renvidage, n.m., winding up, winding (in spinning).

renvier, v.n., to revy, to lay above the stakes, (at cards).

renvoi, n.m., sending back, returning, return, sending away, dismissal, discharge; referring, sending; (jur.) adjournment; caret, reference (in books, writings); reflection, reverberation; (jur.) reference to another judge. pl., (med.) rising of the stomach. De —; returnable. — du son; reverberation of sound. Chevaux de —; return horses. — de troupes; dismissal of troops. — de la cause à huitaine; adjournment of the case for a week.

renvoyer, v.a., to send again; to send back again, to return; to send away, to dismiss; to discharge; to refer; to put off, to postpone, to adjourn, to delay; to drive back; to throw back; to reflect (light or heat); to repeat, to reverberate (sound). — un ministre; to dismiss a minister. — un domestique; to discharge a servant. — une femme; to repudiate a wife. On a renvoyé l’affaire à huitaine; the case has been adjourned for a week. — la balle à quelqu’un; to give one as good as he sends, to return the compliment. — un accusé; to acquit a prisoner. — un plaideur de sa demande; to nonsuit a plaintiff. — le lecteur à une note; to refer the reader to a note.

se renvoyer, v.r., to be sent back or returned; to send from one to another. Se — la balle; to bandy compliments, to retort.

réoccupation, n.f., reoccupation.

réoccuper, v.a., to occupy again, to reoccupy.

réopiner, v.n., to deliver one’s opinion again.

réorchestration, n.f., new-scoring.

réorchestrer, v.a., (mus.) to compose a new score.

réordination, n.f., re-ordination.

réordonner, v.a., to ordain again, to re-ordain, to re-order.

réorganisation, n.f., re-organization.

réorganiser, v.a., to re-organize.

se réorganiser, v.r., to be re-organized.

réouverture, n.f., re-opening. La — d’un théâtre; the re-opening of a theater. La — d’un magasin; the re-opening of a shop.

repaire, n.m., haunt, den, lair, hole; (hunt.) dung of hares, wolves, etc.; (tech.) V. repère. — de voleurs; den of thieves, haunt of thieves.

répaissir, v.a. and n., to thicken again. Se —; to become, or get, thick again.

repaître, v.n., (l.u.) to feed, to take refreshment; to bait.

repaître, v.a., (l.u.) to feed, to nourish. Il faut — ces animaux; these animals must be fed. — quelqu’un d’espérances; to feed any one with hopes.

se repaître, v.r., to feed on; to feast on; to delight in, to indulge in, to gloat over. Il se repaît d’espérances vaines; he feeds on vain hopes.

répandre, v.a. and n., to spill, to shed, to diffuse, to scatter, to distribute, to bestow, to give out, to spread, to pour out, to exhale, to spread abroad, to propagate, to circulate. — des larmes; to shed tears. — des bienfaits; to bestow benefits. — un bruit; to spread a report. — son sang; to shed one’s blood. — des aumônes; to distribute alms. — l’alarme; to spread alarm. — son cœur; to open one’s heart.

se répandre, v.r., to be spilt, to be shed, to be diffused, to be spread, to be scattered, to be distributed, to be bestowed, to be given out, to be poured out, to be exhaled, to be spread abroad, to be propagated, to be circulated; to be current; to flow, to spread, to go abroad, to get abroad; to burst out, to break out, to launch out, to indulge in, to fly out; to frequent society, to go into society. La lumière se répand beaucoup plus vite que le son; light travels much more quickly than sound. La nouvelle de la victoire se répandit en un instant; the news of the victory was spread abroad in an instant. Se — en compliments; to break out, to launch out, into compliments. Se — en invectives; to launch out into abuse. Se — dans le monde; to go out into society.

répandu, -e, part., spilt, shed. Être fort — dans le monde; to go out into society, to go out a great deal; to be in great request. Être fort —; to be very well known.

réparable, adj., reparable, mendable.

reparaître, v.n., to reappear, to appear again, to appear anew, to make one’s reappearance, to enter again, to come back.

réparat-eur, -rice, n. and adj., restorer, repairer; restorative, reparative, refreshing.

réparation, n.f., repairing, mending; reparation, amends, satisfaction, apology, excuse. pl., repair, repairs; (jur.) damages, indemnity, relief. Faire — à quelqu’un; to make amends to any one. En —; under repair.

réparatoire, adj., reparative.

réparer, v.a., to repair, to mend; to make amends for, to atone for, to redeem; to indemnify; to make up for; to re-establish, to recover, to recruit. — ses forces; to recruit one’s strength. — son honneur; to retrieve one’s honor. — sa faute; to make amends for one’s faults. — ses pertes; to retrieve one’s losses. — des torts; to redress grievances. — le temps perdu; to make up for lost time.

répareur, n.m., (tech.) repairer.

réparition, n.f., (astron.) reappearance (of a star after an eclipse). V. réapparition.

reparler, v.n., to speak again.

repartie (-tî), n.f., repartee, retort, rejoinder, reply. Avoir la — prompte, être prompt à la —; to be quick at repartee. Faire une —; to make a repartee.

repartir, v.n., to set out again, to set off again.

repartir, v.a. and n., to reply, to answer, to retort.

répartir, v.a., to divide, to distribute; to portion out; to assess. — les contributions; to assess taxes.

répartiteur, n. and adj. m., assessor; assessing (of taxes).

répartition, n.f., division, distribution; assessment.

repas, n.m., meal, repast. — de noces; wedding breakfast. — en gras; meat dinner; meat breakfast. — en maigre; fish dinner; fish breakfast. Faire un —; to make a meal. Faire ses —, prendre ses —; to take one’s meals.

repassage, n.m., ironing (of linen); dressing, doing up (of a hat); grinding, setting, honing, whetting, grinding (of cutlery); (agri.) raking.

repasser, v.n., to pass again; to pass by again; to call again, to look in again. — chez quelqu’un; to call again on any one, to look in again.

repasser, v.a., to pass again, to repass; to cross again, to carry over again; to iron, to iron out; to grind, to set, to hone, to whet; to turn over, to think over, to revolve; to go over, to look over; to repeat; (dy.) to dye again; to curry a second time (leather); (fig., pop.) to beat; to find fault with, to abuse, to scold. — une leçon; to look over a lesson. — du linge; to iron linen. — la lime sur; to repolish. — quelque chose dans son esprit; to revolve anything in one’s mind. — quelqu’un; to beat, to abuse, any one. — sur un cuir; to strop. — sur la pierre; to set, to whet. — sur la meule; to grind.

se repasser, v.r., to be ironed; to be ground, sharpened, whetted.

repasseur, n.m., pointer (of pins); grinder. — de couteaux; knife-grinder.

repasseuse, n.f., ironer.

repassoir, n.m., grinding-stone. — à crayon; pencil-pointer.

repavage, n.m., repaving.

repaver, v.a., to pave anew, to repave.

repayer, v.a., to pay again.

repêcher, v.a., to fish up again; to take out of the water; to take out again, to take up again, to recover, to catch again.

repeindre, v.a., to paint again; to retouch, to touch up.

repeint, n.m., (paint.) re-painted, or restored, part of a picture.

repenser, v.n., to think of again, to reconsider, to revolve.

repentance, n.f., repentance, contrition.

repentant, -e, adj., repentant, penitent.

repentie (-tî), adj. and n.f., penitent. Les filles —s; female penitentiary.

se repentir (se repentant, se repenti), v.r., to repent, to rue. Se — de ses fautes; to repent one’s faults. Il s’en repentira; he will rue it.

repentir, n.m., repentance, contrition, compunction, penitence, regret; ringlet. Elle porte des —s; she wears curls; (paint.) pentamento, correction.

repercer, v.a., to pierce again, to bore again; to tap again; to punch.

répercussi-f, -ve, adj., (med.) repellent.

répercussif, n.m., (med.) repellent, repercussive.

répercussion, n.f., repercussion; reverberation.

répercuter, v.a., to repercuss, to drive back; to reverberate, to echo; to reflect; (med.) to repel, to drive in.

reperdre, v.a., to lose again.

repère, n.m., mark, land-mark; (arts) bench-mark; joining-mark; (mec.) datum. Point de —; land-mark, indication, direction.

répertoire, n.m., table, list, catalogue; repertory; (com.) alphabet, alphabetical index. Pièce qui fait partie du —, pièce restée au —; (thea.) stock-piece. Être un —; (pers.) to be a living chronicle. Pièce de —; stock-piece.

répétailler, v.a., to repeat over and over again, to keep on repeating.

répéter, v.a., to repeat; to say again, to tell again; to recite; to reflect; (jur.) to claim again, to demand again; to give private lessons to, to be private tutor to; (thea.) to rehearse. Faire — à quelqu’un sa leçon; to hear any one say his lesson. Il répète ces deux élèves; (at school) he is private tutor to these two boys. — une comédie; to rehearse a comedy. — une chose contre quelqu’un; (jur.) to claim (a thing) from any one, to redemand.

se répéter, v.r., to be repeated; to copy one’s self; to be renewed, to occur again; always to say the same thing.

répétiteur, n.m., tutor, private master; assistant professor (of certain schools); (nav.) repeater, repeating-ship; call-boy.

répétition, n.f., repetition; action for; (jur.) renewal, reproduction; replica, duplicate; recovery of money; private tuition; (thea.) rehearsal. Pièce en —; play in rehearsal. Montre à —; repeating-watch, repeater. Donner des —s; to give private tuition, to give private lessons.

repétrir, v.a., to knead again; to form again.

repeuplement, n.m., repeopling, re-stocking. — d’un étang; re-stocking of a pond.

repeupler, v.a., to repeople; to re-stock. — un étang; to re-stock a pond.

se repeupler, v.r., to be repeopled; to be re-stocked.

repic, n.m., repique (piquet). Faire quelqu’un — et capot; (fig., fam.) to nonplus any one.

repiquage, n.m., (agri., gard.) transplantation, pricking again; picking up.

repiquer, v.a., to prick again; (hort.) to prick; (agri.) to transplant; (engineering) to pick up.

repiquer, v.n., to pick up; to recover; to pluck up courage. — à la vie; to pick up one’s crumbs. — sur le rôti; to cut and come again.

répit, n.m., respite, reprieve, delay; rest, breathing-time.

replacement (-plas-mān), n.m., replacing, putting again, setting again; placing (servants) in a situation again; reinvestment (of funds).

replacer, v.a., to replace, to put in place again; to reinvest (funds).

replaider, v.a., (jur.) to replead, to plead again.

replanchéier, v.a., to new-floor.

replanir, v.a., to plane down.

replant, n.m., young plant.

replantation, n.f., replantation.

replanter, v.a., to replant.

replâtrage, n.m., re-plastering; plastering, plastering up; botching up, patching up; patched up quarrel.

replâtrer, v.a., to replaster; to plaster, to plaster up, to botch, to botch up, to patch up, to bolster up.

repl-et, -ète, adj., obese, bulky, corpulent, stout, lusty, portly.

réplétion, n.f., repletion, stoutness, fatness, surfeit.

repleuvoir, v.i., to rain again.

repli, n.m., fold; plait; crease; recess; winding, sinuosity; turning; coil. Les —s du serpent; the coils of the serpent. Les plis et les —s du cœur humain; the inmost, or innermost, recesses of the human heart.

repliement or reploiement, n.m., (milit.) falling back.

replier, v.a., to fold again, to fold up again; to wind, to twist, to writhe, to coil; (milit.) to force back; to draw back.

se replier, v.r., to twist one’s self, to wind one’s self, to fold one’s self, to writhe; to turn, to turn up; to bend up; to wind, to coil; (milit.) to fall back, to retreat. Se — sur soi-même; to turn one’s thoughts inwardly, to retire within one’s self; to meditate, to commune with one’s self; (man.) to turn suddenly round.

réplique, n.f., reply, answer; rejoinder; (mus.) repeat; (thea.) cue. Donner la —; to give a person his cue. Avoir la —; to have the last say.

répliquer, v.a. and n., to reply, to answer; to rejoin, to return, to retort; (jur.) to reply, to rejoin, to put in a rejoinder.

reploiement, n.m. V. repliement.

replonger, v.a., to plunge again, to dip again, to duck again, to re-immerse, to immerse again.

se replonger, v.r., to plunge anew, to plunge one’s self again, to dive into again.

replonger, v.n., to dive again, to dive anew.

reployer, v.a., se reployer, v.r. V. replier, se replier.

repolir, v.a., to repolish, to polish again, to polish anew.

repolissage, n.m., re-polishing.

répondant, n.m., bail, surety, security; reference; (in schools) respondent; lay-clerk.

repondre, v.a.n., to lay (eggs) again.

répondre, v.a., to answer, to reply, to write back; to make the responses (to).

répondre, v.n., to answer, to reply; to write back; to lead (to) (of roads); to reach, to be heard (of sound); to make a suitable return; to correspond, to respond, to agree, to come up, to satisfy, to answer; to be answerable (for), to be accountable (to or for); to be responsible (for); to be security (for); (man.) to obey, to answer; to maintain a thesis. — à ceux qui appellent; to answer those who call. — ad rem; to give a direct answer, to answer to the point. — en Normand; to answer equivocally, to give a shuffling answer. Pour — à; in answer to, in reply to. Ces allées répondent au canal; these walks lead to the canal. — à l’attente publique; to answer, to come up to public expectation. Ne pas — à l’attente publique; not to come up to, to fall short of public expectation. Tout répond à nos vœux; everything falls in with our wishes. Qui pourrait — de l’événement? who could answer for the event? Je ne vous réponds que de moi; I only answer for myself. Je vous en réponds; I’ll be bound it is so!; I’ll warrant you; I should think so, indeed!; I can tell you! En — de; to answer for (with).

se répondre, v.r., to answer one’s self; to answer each other; to correspond, to suit, to agree; to sympathize. Nos cœurs se répondent; our hearts are in sympathy.

répons, n.m., response (church and print.).

réponse, n.f., answer, reply; response; (jur.) rejoinder. — à une réplique; (jur.) rejoinder. À sotte demande point de —; a foolish question deserves no answer. — de Normand; equivocal, or shuffling, answer. Faire —; to answer, to make answer. Faire une —; to give an answer. — s’il vous plaît; an answer will oblige.

report, n.m., (book-keeping) carrying over, carrying forward, bringing forward; sum carried over, amount brought forward; continuation, prolongation. Faire un —; to bring forward; (exchange) to carry over.

reportage, n.m., reporting.

reporter (-teur), n.m., (—s) (in newspapers) reporter.

reporter, v.a., to carry back again, to carry back, to take back; to trace back, to trace; (book-keeping) to carry forward, to carry over.

se reporter, v.r., to go back (to); to return; to be carried back; to look back (upon).

reporter, v.n., to carry over.

repos, n.m., rest; stillness; repose, ease, quiet, peace, tranquillity; pause; resting-place; (carp.) quarter-pace. En —; at rest. Se tenir en —; to keep quiet. Être en —; to be at ease. Laissez-moi en —; let me alone. Lit de —; couch. Mettre un fusil dans son —, au —; to half-cock a gun. Echappement à —; (horl.) stop; dead beat. —! (milit.) stand at ease!

reposé, -e, part. adj., rested, refreshed; quiet, calm, cool, fresh. À tête —e; coolly, deliberately, at leisure. Vin —; wine that has settled.

reposée, n.f., (hunt.) lair. À —s; with intervals of rest.

repose-pied, n.m., foot-rest.

reposer, v.a., to place again, to lay again, to set again; to rest (on anything); to lay; to repose, to settle; to refresh; (milit.) to ground arms. Cela repose la vue; that is restful to the eye. — la tête; to refresh the head.

se reposer, v.r., to rest one’s self, to rest, to repose, to lay one’s self down, to lie down; to rely on, to confide in; to settle, to settle down; to pause; to light (of birds). Se — après le travail; to rest after labor. Il faut que l’esprit se repose; the mind has need of rest. Se — sur; to depend upon, to rely on. Se — sur quelqu’un; to rely on, to depend upon, any one.

reposer, v.n., to rest, to lie; to repose; to lay one’s self down, to lie down, to lie fallow, to settle. Laisser —; (agri.) to let lie fallow.

reposoir, n.m., street altar (procession of the Fête-Dieu); resting-place; pause.

repoussant, -e, adj., repulsive, forbidding, repelling, loathsome, shocking.

repoussement (-poos-mān), n.m., repulsion; recoil (of fire-arms). V. recul, which is more frequently used. J’éprouve un certain — pour cet homme; I feel a sort of aversion to this man.

repousser, v.a., to repel; to drive back; to beat back, to force back, to push back; to thrust back, to thrust away; to reflect, to spurn; to repulse, to repel (an argument); to resent; to rebuff; to shoot out again (of plants); (print.) to prick in. — l’ennemi; to repulse the enemy. — la force par la force; to repel force by force. — la tentation; to repel temptation. — une demande; to reject a demand.

repousser, v.n., to be repulsive; to recoil; to kick (of fire-arms); to spring up, to come up again, to shoot up (of plants); to grow again (of the hair).

repoussoir, n.m., driving-bolt; starting-bolt; punch (of a dentist); (paint.) set-off, contrast.

répréhensible, adj., reprehensible, reprovable.

répréhensiblement, adv., reprehensibly.

répréhensi-f, -ve, adj., reprehensive.

répréhension, n.f., reprehension, reproof.

reprendre, v.a., to take again; to take back; to take up again; to take to again; to catch again; (of diseases) to return; to recover; to resume, to begin again; to rebuke; to take up, to reprove; to find fault with; (arch.) to underpin. — connaissance; to recover consciousness. — une ville; to re-take a town. — ses habits d’hiver; to take to one’s winter clothing again. On ne m’y reprendra plus; I will not be caught napping again. — ses forces; to recover one’s strength. — courage; to take courage again. — ses esprits; to recover one’s senses. — haleine; to recover one’s breath, to breathe again; to take breath. — le dessus; to get the upper hand again. — un mur sous œuvre, en sous-œuvre, par-dessous œuvre; to underpin a wall. — aigrement; to reprove, or to take up, sharply.

se reprendre, v.r., to correct one’s self, to take one’s self up; to be caught again; (of wounds) to close up again, to heal.

reprendre, v.n., to take root again; (of wounds) to close up again; to begin to recover; to begin again; to reply, to answer; to return; (man.) to change its pace; to freeze again (of rivers); to return (of diseases). Cet arbre a bien repris; this tree has taken root very well. Le froid a repris; the cold has set in again. Cette mode a repris; this fashion has come in again.

repreneu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., carper, fault-finder, snarling critic. adj., censuring.

*représaille, n.f., reprisal, retaliation. User de —s; to make reprisals, to retaliate; (fig.) to retaliate, to return like for like; to give tit for tat. Lettres de —s; letters of marque and reprisal.

représentant, n.m., representative.

représentati-f, -ve, adj., representative.

représentation, n.f., representation, exhibition, production, performance; display, show; appearance, mien; air; (empty) catafalque; remonstrance; (jur.) succession. Il a une belle —; he has a stately appearance, a noble deportment. Faire des —s à; to remonstrate (with).

représenter, v.a., to represent, to present again; to show; to show again; to exhibit; to lay before; to produce; to reflect; to depict; to describe; to look like, to resemble; to perform, to act (a play); to be the representative of; to stand in the place of. Il se fit — les registres; he had the registers laid before him. Cela est représenté au naturel; that is depicted to the life.

se représenter, v.r., to present one’s self again; to appear again; to make one’s appearance again; to fancy, to imagine, to picture to one’s self; to occur; to present itself again (of a thing).

représenter, v.n., to represent, to set forth; to maintain, to keep, one’s dignity; to have an imposing appearance.

répressible, adj., repressible.

répressi-f, -ve, adj., repressive.

répression, n.f., repression.

reprêter, v.a., to lend again.

reprier, v.a., to pray, or beg, again; to re-invite.

réprimable, adj., repressible.

réprimande, n.f., reprimand, reproof, rebuke. Faire une — à quelqu’un; to reprimand any one.

réprimander, v.a., to reprimand, to reprove, to rebuke, to upbraid; to lecture.

réprimant, -e, adj., repressive.

réprimer, v.a., to repress, to restrain, to curb, to quell, to keep down, to check. — le vice; to put down vice. — l’orgueil; to check pride. — ses désirs; to check one’s desires. — les abus; to repress abuses. — ses passions; to curb one’s passions.

repris, -e, part., retaken, resumed, taken up again; reset (of a bone).

repris de justice, n. and adj. m., liberated convict, old offender.

reprise, n.f., resumption; retaking; taking back; recovery; reconquest; revival; renewal; darn; (mus.) repetition, mark of repetition; (arch.) underpropping, underpinning; (man.) lesson; recapture (of a ship). À plusieurs —s, à différentes —, à diverses —s; several times, repeatedly. À deux —s; twice. La — d’un procès; the renewal of a lawsuit. Faire des —s; to darn. Faire des —s perdues; to fine-draw.

repriser, v.a., to darn.

réprobat-eur, -rice, adj., reproving, censuring.

réprobation, n.f., reprobation.

reprochable, adj., reproachable.

reproche, n.m., reproach; expostulation. pl., (jur.) exception, objection. Un homme sans —; a man free from reproach. Faire un — à quelqu’un de quelque chose; to reproach any one with anything. Faire des —s amers à; to reproach bitterly. S’attirer des —s; to incur reproach.

reprocher, v.a., to reproach, to expostulate, to upbraid, to rebuke, to taunt, to twit, to cast in the teeth of. — à une personne quelque chose; to reproach a person with anything. Il lui a reproché ses défauts; he reproached him with his faults. Il me l’a reproché; he cast it in my teeth; he twitted me with it. — les morceaux à quelqu’un; to grudge any one the very food he eats. — des témoins; (jur.) to object (to), or to challenge, witnesses.

se reprocher, v.r., to reproach, to upbraid one’s self; to grudge one’s self; to be reproached.

reproduct-eur, -rice, adj., reproductive.

reproductibilité, n.f., reproducibility.

reproductible, adj., reproducible.

reproducti-f, -ve, adj., reproductive.

reproduction, n.f., reproduction; reprinting, republication; recurrence.

reproduire, v.a., to produce again, to reproduce; to reprint, to republish.

se reproduire, v.r., to come again; to be reproduced; to show one’s self again; to occur, to happen again, to recur.

repromettre, v.a., to promise again.

réprouvable, adj., censurable, reprehensible, blamable.

réprouvé, n.m., (theol.) reprobate. Il a un visage de —; he has a sinister-looking face.

reprouver, v.a., to prove again.

réprouver, v.a., to disapprove of, to disapprove, to reprobate, to condemn, to reject.

reps (rèps), n.m., rep (silk or woolen fabric).

reptation, n.f., reptation, creeping.

reptile, n.m. and adj., reptile; creeping, crawling. C’est un —; he is a crawling wretch, a reptile.

républicain, -e, n. and adj., republican.

républicaniser, v.a., to republicanize.

républicanisme, n.m., republicanism.

republication, n.f., republication, re-issue.

republier, v.a., to republish, to re-issue.

république, n.f., republic; commonwealth. La — des lettres; the republic of letters.

répudiation, n.f., repudiation, renunciation; rejection.

répudier, v.a., to repudiate, to put away; to renounce, to reject.

*répugnance, n.f., repugnance, dislike; reluctance, unwillingness. J’ai de la — à le faire; I am reluctant, or loath, to do it. Avec —; with reluctance, reluctantly, repugnantly.

*répugnant, -e, adj., repugnant.

*répugner, v.n., to be repugnant, to be contrary, to clash with; to feel repugnance at; to feel reluctant; to feel loath. Cela répugne au sens commun; that is contrary to common sense. Cet homme me répugne; that man is my aversion. Cela me répugne; I am loath to do it. Il me répugne de vous entretenir d’un pareil sujet; it is repugnant to me to talk to you on such a subject.

repulluler, v.n., to repullulate; to abound, to swarm; to increase fast.

répulsi-f, -ve, adj., (phys.) repulsive, repelling.

répulsion, n.f., (phys.) repulsion; (fig.) aversion, disgust.

repurger, v.a., to purge again.

réputation, n.f., reputation, character, repute, fame. Avoir la — de; to have the reputation of, to pass for. Je ne vous connaissais que de —; I only knew you by report. En —; in repute, in request. Se faire une —; to get one’s self a reputation. Se mettre en —; to get into repute. Avoir de la —; to have reputation, to have a name. Perdre quelqu’un de —; to ruin any one’s reputation, character.

réputer, v.a., to repute, to account, to reckon, to deem; to hold.

requérable, adj., (jur.) demandable.

requérant, -e, n. and adj., (jur.) plaintiff, applicant; petitioner.

requérir (requérant, requis), v.a., to request, to beg; to require, to demand; to claim, to summon. C’est lui qui m’en a requis; it was he who requested me to do it.

requête, n.f., request, petition, demand, application; (hunt.) new cast, new search. Faire une —; to make a request, a demand. On accorda sa —; his demand was granted.

requêter, v.a., (hunt.) to search again (for).

requiem (-kui-èm), n.m., requiem.

requin, n.m., (ich.) shark.

requinqué, -e, adj., (fam., iron.) spruce, dressed out.

se requinquer, v.r., (fam., iron.) to deck one’s self out.

requis, -e, part., requested, required, requisite, proper; due. Il a l’âge —; he has the proper, the required age.

réquisition, n.f., requisition, application; motion; call, summons, order, levy. À la — de; on the application of.

réquisitionnement, n.m., requisitioning.

réquisitionner, v.a., to requisition; to impound.

réquisitoire, n.m., (jur.) speech for the crown.

resaluer, v.a., to salute, to bow to, again.

rescellement, n.m., resealing, refastening.

resceller, v.a., to seal again.

rescif (rè-cif), n.m. V. récif.

rescindant, n.m., (jur., ant.) motion to annul, or set aside.

rescinder, v.a., (jur.) to annul, to rescind.

rescision (rès-si-zi-on), n.f., (jur.) annulment, rescission.

rescisoire (rès-si-zoar), n.m., (jur.) ground for annulment. adj., rescissory.

☉rescontre, n.m., (com.) bill-book.

rescousse, n.f., recapture; help, rescue. A la —; help! help!

rescription, n.f., money order; check; scrip, bond, debenture.

rescrit, n.m., rescript; bull.

réseau, n.m., net, net-work; (rail.) system, section; (anat.) plexus; (arch.) tracery; (geom.) chain (of triangles).

résection (ré-cèk-si-on), n.f., (surg.) resection (amputation).

réséda, n.m., (bot.) reseda, mignonette.

réséquer (ré-cé-), v.a., (surg.) to resect.

réservation, n.f., reserve, reservation.

réserve, n.f., reserve, reservation, caution; modesty; stock, stores; preserve (for game). Se tenir sur la —; to be reserved, to act with circumspection. À la — de; with the reservation of. En —; in reserve, in store. Mettre en —; to reserve, to lay by. Sans —; without reserve, unreservedly.

réservé, -e, adj., reserved, cautious, wary, circumspect, shy; guarded, coy.

réserver, v.a., to reserve, to save, to set apart, to lay by, to lay up.

se réserver, v.r., to reserve, to reserve to one’s self; to mean, to intend, to purpose; to wait for an opportunity; to be kept; to reserve to one’s self the right. Se — la réplique; to reserve the right of replying. Je me réserve de faire cela; I am waiting for an opportunity to do that.

réserviste, n.m., (milit.) reserve-man, reservist.

réservoir, n.m., reservoir, tank; fish-pond, cistern, well; (anat.) receptacle.

résidant, -e, adj., resident, residing.

résidence, n.f., residence, place of abode, dwelling, living. Etablir sa — à; to take up one’s abode (at).

résident, n.m., resident, minister at a foreign court.

résider, v.n., to reside, to dwell, to live; to lie (in), to rest.

résidu, n.m., settlement (of liquids); residue; (arith.) remainder; (chem.) residuum.

résignant, n.m., resigner.

*résignataire, n.m., resignee.

*résignation, n.f., resignation.

résigner, v.a., to sign again.

*résigner, v.a., to resign, to give up.

*se résigner, v.r., to resign one’s self (to), to submit; to be reconciled (to); to put up (with).

résiliation, n.f., canceling, annulling.

résiliement or résilîment, n.m. V. résiliation.

résilier, v.a., to cancel, to annul.

résille, n.f., hair-net.

résine, n.f., resin, rosin; colophony. Un pain de —; a cake of resin.

résineu-x, -se, adj., resinous.

résinifère, adj., yielding resin, resiniferous.

résipiscence (-zi-), n.f., resipiscence, repentance. Venir à —; to repent; to amend.

résistance, n.f., resistance, opposition, obstacle; (med.) obstinacy. Pièce de —; (cook.) solid joint. Sans —; unresistingly. Faire de la —; to offer resistance, to resist.

résistant, adj., tough, firm, unyielding.

résister, v.n., to resist, to oppose, to withstand; to endure, to last. — à l’ennemi; to resist the enemy. — à la tentation; to withstand temptation. Je n’y saurais plus —; I can endure it no longer.

résistible, adj., resistible.

résolu, -e, part., resolved on, decided, determined on, settled, fixed.

résolu, -e, adj., resolute, bold, determined, stout-hearted, undaunted.

résolubilité, n.f., resolvability.

résoluble, adj., solvable, resolvable.

résolument, adv., resolutely, boldly, stoutly.

résoluti-f, -ve, adj., (med.) resolutive; resolvent; discutient.

résolutif, n.m., (med.) resolutive, resolvent.

résolution, n.f., resolution, solution, decision, determination; resolve; (jur.) canceling, annulment. Avec —; resolutely, stoutly. Changer de —; to alter one’s mind. — d’un contrat; (jur.) canceling of a contract.

résolutoire, adj., (jur.) resolutive, canceling.

résolvant, -e, adj., n.m., (med.) resolvent.

résonance, n.f., resonance.

résonnant, -e, adj., resonant; sounding, sonorous. Voix claire et —e; clear and sonorous voice. Un violon bien —; a well-sounding violin.

résonnement (-zo-n-mān), n.m., resounding, clanking, echoing, rattling, rattle.

résonner, v.n., to resound; to clank, to echo, to reverberate.

résorber (-zor-), v.a., (med.) to reabsorb.

se résorber (-zor-), v.r., (med.) to be reabsorbed.

résorption (-zor-), n.f., reabsorption.

résoudre (résolvant, résolu and résous), v.a., to resolve; to dissolve, to melt; to solve; to decide, to settle; (jur.) to cancel, to make void; to resolve on, to determine on, to decide upon (a thing); to determine; to decide on; to persuade. — une tumeur; (med.) to resolve a tumor. — un problème; to solve a problem. — une question; to settle a question. — un bail; to cancel a lease. A-t-on résolu la paix ou la guerre? has peace or war been decided upon? or is it to be peace or war?

se résoudre, v.r., to resolve, to be resolved, to be solved; to dissolve, to be dissolved; to determine; to be prevailed upon; to make up one’s mind. L’eau se résout en vapeur; water is resolved into vapor. Se — à; to resolve upon; to bring one’s self to. À quoi vous résolvez-vous? what resolution have you come to? Je ne saurais m’y résoudre; I cannot make up my mind to do it.

résous, part., resolved, dissolved, melted; changed into. [Résous has no feminine.]

respect (rès-pè), n.m., respect, regard, reverence, awe, deference, dutifulness. Porter — à quelqu’un; to show respect to any one. Manquer de — envers quelqu’un; to be wanting in respect towards any one. Présenter ses —s à quelqu’un; to pay one’s respects to any one, to give one’s kind regards to. Se faire porter —; to make one’s self respected. Imprimer, or imposer, le — à; to impress any one with respect, to awe any one. Tenir en —; to keep in awe or in respect. Sauf votre —; saving your presence. Sauf le — que je vous dois; with due deference to you.

respectabilité, n.f., respectability.

respectable (rès-pèk-), adj., respectable, venerable.

respectablement, adv., respectably.

respecter (rès-pèk-), v.a., to respect, to reverence, to revere; to spare. — la vieillesse; to respect old age. Respectez ses sentiments; spare his feelings. Le temps n’a pas respecté ces monuments; time has not spared those monuments. Se faire —; to command respect.

se respecter (rès-pèk-té), v.r., to respect one’s self; to respect each other.

respecti-f, -ve (rès-pèk-), adj., respective.

respectivement (rès-pèk-tiv-mān), adv., respectively.

respectueusement (rès-pèk-tu-eûz-mān), adv., respectfully, reverentially, dutifully, deferentially.

respectueu-x, -se (rès-pèk-), adj., respectful, reverential, dutiful, deferential.

respirable (rès-), adj., respirable, breathable.

respirateur, adj., respiratory. n.m., respirator.

respiration (rès-), n.f., respiration, breathing. Difficulté de —; shortness of breath. Avoir la — coupée; to be unable to get one’s breath.

respiratoire (rès-pi-ra-toar), adj., respiratory.

respirer (rès-pi-ré), v.n., to breathe, to respire; to take breath, to draw breath, to rest; to long for. Il a de la peine à —; he can scarcely breathe. — après quelque chose; to long for anything, to desire anything ardently.

respirer (rès-), v.a., to breathe, to inhale; to thirst after, to long for; to bespeak, to betoken, to express. Son visage respire la douceur; his face betokens gentleness. Il ne respire que la vengeance; he thirsts after vengeance.

resplendir (rès-plān-), v.n., to shine brightly; to be resplendent, to glitter.

resplendissant, -e (rès-plān-), adj., resplendent, bright, glittering.

resplendissement (rès-plān-dis-mān), n.m., resplendence.

responsabilité (rès-), n.f., responsibility, liability.

responsable (rès-), adj., responsible, answerable, liable, accountable.

responsi-f, -ve (rès-), adj., (jur.) responsory.

ressac (rĕ-sak), n.m., (nav.) surf.

*ressaigner (rĕ-sè-), v.a. and n., to bleed again.

ressaisir (rĕ-sè-zir), v.a., to seize again, to take again, to recover possession of.

se ressaisir (rĕ-sè-zir), v.r., to seize again, to recover possession of.

ressaler, v.a., to salt again.

ressasser (rĕ-sa-sé), v.a., to sift again; to examine minutely; to scrutinize.

ressasseu-r, -se, n.m.f., tiresome repeater.

ressaut (rĕ-sô), n.m., (arch.) ressault, projection; abrupt fall, dip.

ressauter (rĕ-sô-té), v.a.n., to leap again; (arch.) to project.

ressécher (rĕ-sé-), v.a., to dry again.

resseller (rĕ-sè-lé), v.a., to saddle again.

ressemblance (rĕ-sān-), n.f., resemblance, likeness, similarity. Se tromper à la —; to be deceived by the likeness.

ressemblant, -e (rĕ-sān-), adj., resembling, like, similar. C’est très —; it is a striking likeness.

ressembler (rĕ-sān-), v.n., to resemble, to be like, to take after. Le fils ressemble à son père; the son resembles his father. Ce portrait vous ressemble peu; this portrait is not much like you.

se ressembler (rĕ-sān-), v.r., to resemble one another, to be like each other, to be alike; to be uniform. Ils se ressemblent comme deux gouttes d’eau; they are as like as two peas. Qui se ressemble, s’assemble; birds of a feather flock together.

ressemelage (rĕ-sĕ-mlaj), n.m., resoling (of boots); new footing (of stockings).

ressemeler (rĕ-sĕ-mlé), v.a., to sole anew (boots or shoes); to foot anew (stockings).

ressemer (rĕ-sĕ-mé), v.a., to sow again.

ressenti, -e (rĕ-sān-), part., felt; (paint.) strongly expressed, or marked; full of expression.

ressentiment (rĕ-sān-), n.m., slight return, attack, touch (of disease, pain); desire of vengeance, resentment. Avec —; resentingly. Plein de —; resentful.

ressentir (rĕ-sān-), v.a., to feel, to experience; to manifest, to show; to have a sense of. — du malaise; to feel uncomfortable. Elle ressent vivement cette injure; she feels that insult keenly.

se ressentir (rĕ-sān-), v.r., to feel the effects of, to perceive, to resent; to feel (disease, pain); to feel the effects of. Il se ressent encore de ses pertes; he still feels the effects of his losses. — d’une injure; to resent an injury.

resserrement (rĕ-sèr-mān), n.m., contraction, closing, tightening; restriction, oppression; (med.) stricture, contraction, costiveness.

resserrer (rĕ-sè-ré), v.a., to tie again; to tie tighter, to draw closer, to bind tighter, to confine, to compress, to contract, to straighten; to rivet; to put by, away again; to keep more closely; to restrain, to confine; (print.) to lock up again; (nav.) to take in sails again; (milit.) to close again. — une rivière dans son lit; to confine a river to its bed. Le froid resserre les pores; cold contracts the pores. — les liens de l’amitié; to draw closer the bonds of friendship.

se resserrer (rĕ-sè-ré), v.r., to contract, to be contracted; to be narrower, closer; to confine one’s self, to be compressed; to become tighter; to become colder (of the weather); to retrench one’s expenses; to be restricted in circulation (of money). Le temps se resserre; the weather is getting colder.

ressif (rè-sif), n.m. V. récif.

ressort (rĕ-sor), n.m., spring; elasticity; energy; activity, force, strength; means. À —; with a spring. Faire —; to fly back. Il n’agit que par —; he acts only at the instigation of others. Faire jouer tous ses —s; to use every effort.

ressort (rĕ-sor), n.m., extent of jurisdiction; department, province, line; (jur.) resort. En dernier —; (jur.) in the last resort; without appeal. Cela n’est pas de mon —; that is not within my province, or not in my line.

ressortir (rĕ-sor-), v.n., (pres. part. ressortant) to go out again; to be set off, to stand out (of a thing); to arise (from), to proceed (from), to result (from); to follow. Faire —; to bring forward, to show off, to set forth, to bring out in relief.

ressortir (rĕ-sor-), v.n., (pres. part. ressortissant), (jur.) to be under the jurisdiction of, to depend (on); to be dependent (on); to refer (to).

ressortissant, -e (rĕ-sor-), adj., (jur.) appealable (to), amenable (to), under the jurisdiction (of), dependent (on).

ressouder (rĕ-soo-), v.a., to solder again.

ressoudure, n.f., re-soldering.

ressource (rĕ-soors), n.f., resource, expedient, shift. pl., resources. Faire —; to procure resources; to raise the wind; to finance. C’est ma dernière —; that is my last shift. — désespérée; desperate expedient, shift. Un malheur sans —; an irreparable misfortune. Je suis perdu, ruiné, sans —; I am irretrievably ruined. Il n’y a point de —; there’s no help for it. C’est un homme de —; he is a man fertile in expedients, a man of resource.

☉ressouvenance (rĕ-soo-vnans), n.f., remembrance.

ressouvenir (rĕ-soo-vnir), n.m., remembrance, recollection; reminiscence, memento; twinge, return (of pain).

se ressouvenir (rĕ-soo-vnir), v.r., to recollect, to remember. Faire ressouvenir; to put in mind. Vous en ressouvient-il? do you remember it?

ressuage (rĕ-), n.m., (tech.) sweating; (metal.) eliquation.

ressuer (rĕ-), v.n., (metal.) to eliquate; (tech.) to sweat.

ressui (rè-), n.m., lair (where animals dry themselves).

ressuiement, n.m., drying.

ressuscitation, n.f., or ressuscitement, n.m., resuscitation, revival, renewal.

ressuscitatoire, adj., reviving.

ressusciter (rè-), v.a., to resuscitate, to raise from the dead, to bring to life again, to revive.

ressusciter (rè-), v.n., to rise from the dead, to come to life again, to be resuscitated.

ressuyer (rè-), v.n., to wipe, to dry, again.

se ressuyer (rè-), v.r., to dry; to air (of linen).

restant, -e (rès-), adj., remaining, left. Poste —e; till called for.

restant (rès-), n.m., remainder, rest.

☉restaur (rès-), n.m., (com.). V. ristourne.

restaurant, -e (rès-), adj., restorative.

restaurant (rès-), n.m., restorative; eating-house, dining-rooms, luncheon-rooms.

restaurat-eur, n.m., -rice (rès-), n.f., restorer.

restaurateur (rès-), n.m., eating-house keeper.

restaurati-f, -ve (rès-), adj., (med.) restorative.

restauration (rès-), n.f., restoration, repairing, re-establishment.

restaurer (rès-), v.a., to restore; to re-establish, to repair; to put in thorough repair; to revive, to refresh. — ses forces; to restore one’s strength.

se restaurer (rès-), v.r., to take refreshment, to refresh one’s self; to recover one’s strength.

reste, n.m., rest, remainder, remnant, remains, residue, scrap, relic, leavings. pl., mortal remains. Avoir de —; to have something left and to spare, to have remaining. De —; left, remaining, enough and more than enough. Et le —; and the rest of it, and so forth, et cætera. Faire son —; to stake all the money one has left. Jouer de son —; to play one’s last stake. Donner son — à quelqu’un; to give it to, to abuse, to beat any one. Il ne demanda pas son —; he did not wait for anything more, he sneaked off. Être en —; to be behindhand, to be in arrears. Il n’y a rien de —; there is nothing left. J’en ai de —; I have more than enough. Du —; however, moreover, nevertheless. Au —; besides. N’être pas de — avec; not to be beholden to.

rester, v.n., to remain, to be left; to stay, to stop, to continue, to keep; (mus.) to hold; (nav.) to bear. C’est tout ce qui me reste; that is all I have left. Il reste quelque argent; there is some money left. Que me reste-t-il à faire? what am I to do now? Il me reste à vous dire; I have still to tell you. Il resta à Rome après notre départ; he stayed at Rome after our departure. Il est resté stupéfait; he remained thunderstruck. Restez tranquille; keep quiet, keep still. — chez soi; to stay at home. Où en sommes-nous restés? where did we leave off? En — à; to leave off, to stop. Restons-en là; let us stop there; let us say no more about it.

restituable (rès-), adj., repayable, returnable, to be refunded.

restituer (rès-), v.a., to restore, to return, to give back again, to refund. — un passage d’un livre; to restore a passage in a book.

restituteur (rès-), n.m., restorer (of the texts of authors).

restitution (rès-), n.f., restitution, restoration; (jur.) relief, release.

restreindre (rès-), (restreignant, restreint), v.a., to restrict, to restrain, to limit, to confine, to stint.

se restreindre (rès-), v.r., to restrain one’s self, to limit one’s self (to), to be restricted.

restricti-f, -ve (rès-), adj., restrictive.

restriction (rès-), n.f., restriction, restraint; reserve. — mentale; mental reservation.

restringent, -e (rès-), adj., (med.) (l.u.) astringent.

restringent, n.m., (med.) (l.u.) astringent.

résultant, -e, adj., resulting, arising; resultant.

résultante, n.f., (med.) resultant.

résultat, n.m., result. En —; finally, ultimately, eventually.

résulter, v.n., to result, to follow (from); to be the consequence (of). Que résulte-t-il de là? what follows from that? Qu’en peut-il —? what can be the consequences?

résumé, n.m., recapitulation, summary; abridgment; epitome; short account; (jur.) summing up of a judge. Au —, en —; upon the whole, after all, to sum up.

résumer, v.a., to recapitulate, to sum up, to give a summary. — un discours; to give a summary of a speech.

se résumer, v.r., to recapitulate, to sum up; to embody, to be comprised; to be summed up.

résurrecti-f, -ve, adj., life-giving, life-restoring.

résurrection, n.f., resurrection, rising.

résurrectionniste, n.m., resurrectionist.

retable, n.m., (arch.) altar screen, reredos.

rétablir, v.a., to re-establish, to restore, to repair; to recover; to re-install; to set up again; to retrieve; to revive. — son honneur; to retrieve one’s honor. — sa santé; to recover one’s health. — quelqu’un; to set any one up again.

se rétablir, v.r., to recover one’s health; to get well again; to be re-established, restored, repaired. Le crédit commence à se —; credit is gradually being restored.

rétablissement (-blis-mān), n.m., re-establishment, restoration, repairing, recovery, re-instatement, revival, recovery of health. Sans espoir de —; past recovery. — dans les bonnes grâces de quelqu’un; restoration to any one’s good graces. — du commerce; revival of commerce.

*retaille, n.f., (manu.) piece cut off; shred, paring.

*retailler, v.a., to cut, to mend again (pens, pencils); to prune again.

rétamage, n.m., tinning over again; re-silvering.

rétamer, v.a., to tin over again; to re-silver.

rétameur, n.m., tinker.

retapé, -e, adj., done up (of hats); (pop.) spruce, natty, smart.

retaper, v.a., ☉to cock (a hat); to do up (a hat); to curl and powder (a wig). — les cheveux; to turn up the hair.

se retaper, v.r., to be done up (of hats); (pop.) to dress one’s self out.

retard, n.m., delay; (mus.) retardation; slowness (of a clock). Apporter du —; to cause delay. Eprouver du —; to suffer delay. Être en —; to be late; to be in arrears; to be backward, to be behind time. Votre montre est en — de deux minutes; your watch is two minutes slow. Nous avons dix minutes de —; (of railways) the train is ten minutes late. Avoir une patte en —; to walk lame.

retardataire, n.m. and adj., in arrears; defaulter, loiterer, lagger; in arrears; late, behindhand.

retardat-eur, -rice, adj., (phys.) retarding.

retardation, n.f., (phys.) retardation.

retardement, n.m., delay, retardment, putting off; (com., nav.) over-time, demurrage.

retarder, v.a., to retard, to delay, to defer, to put off; to hinder; to put back (clocks and watches). — une horloge; to put a clock back.

retarder, v.n., to lose, to go too slow (of clocks and watches); to come later. Ma montre retarde; my watch loses. Sa fièvre retarde tous les jours d’environ une heure; his fit of ague comes on one hour later every day.

retâter, v.a., to touch and feel again; to taste again; to grope about again; to try, to begin again, to alter, to mend, to correct.

reteindre, v.a., to dye again.

retendre, v.a., to bend again; to pull again, to stretch again, to spread again.

retenir (rĕ-tnir), v.a., to get again; to get hold of again; to retain, to keep, to withhold, to keep back; to reserve; to curb; to bespeak, to hire; to secure, to engage; to detain, to keep, to confine; to hold back, to hinder; to restrain, to keep from; to remember; (arith.) to carry. Posez sept et retenez deux; (arith.) put down seven and carry two. — une chambre; to secure a room. — une place à la diligence; to bespeak a place in the coach. — une place; to keep, or secure, a place. — un domestique; to engage a servant. Il ne saurait — sa langue; he cannot restrain his tongue. — sa colère; to restrain one’s anger. Qu’est-ce qui vous retient? what hinders you? Je ne sais ce qui me retient; I don’t know what hinders me. — une poutre; (carp.) to secure a beam. — quelqu’un; to detain any one. Je ne vous retiendrai pas; I won’t keep you a minute.

se retenir, v.r., to keep back, to forbear; to control one’s self; to stop; to seize hold, to catch hold of, to clutch, to cling to; (man.) to hold back.

retenir, v.n., to hold back (of horses); to breed (of mares).

retenter, v.a., to re-attempt.

rétenti-f, -ve, adj., retentive.

rétention, n.f., reservation, reserve, retention; (jur.) retaining.

rétentionnaire, n.m.f., (jur.) detainer. adj., detaining.

retentir, v.n., to resound, to ring, to re-echo, to clank, to rattle.

retentissant, -e, adj., resounding, ringing, echoing, sonorous, loud; famous. Voûte —e; echoing vault.

retentissement (-tis-mān), n.m., resounding, echo, re-echoing, clanking, rattling, ringing; fame, celebrity. Avoir du —; to make a great noise; to be spread abroad.

retentum (ré-tin-tom), n.m., mental reserve; (jur.) ☉tacit clause, proviso.

retenu, -e (rĕ-tnu), adj., circumspect, reserved, cautious, timid, discreet, wary; prudent, coy, shy.

retenue, n.f., reserve, discretion, circumspection, caution, prudence; keeping in, detention; (fin.) stoppage. Il faut avoir de la —; one must keep within bounds. Être en —; to be in detention; (school) to be kept in. Sans —; unreservedly. Palan de —; relieving tackle.

reterçage or retersage, n.m., second dressing (of vines).

retercer or reterser, v.a., to dress vines again.

rétiaire (-ci-èr), n.m., (antiq.) net-fighter.

réticence, n.f., reserve, concealment; (rhet.) reticence.

réticulaire, adj., (anat.) reticular.

réticule, n.f., reticule, reticle (of a telescope); bag; hair-net.

réticulé, -e, adj., (arch., bot.) reticulated.

réti-f, -ve, n. and adj., restive; stubborn, mulish.

rétiforme, adj., retiform.

rétine, n.f., (anat.) retina (of the eye).

retirable, adj., withdrawable.

☉retirade, n.f., (fort.) retirade.

retiration, n.f., (print.) working off the outer form.

retiré, -e, adj., retired, lonely, solitary, secluded; shrunk, contracted.

retirement (-tir-mān), n.m., (surg.) contraction, shrinking of the nerves and muscles.

retirer, v.a., to draw again; to draw back; to withdraw; to draw out; to take away; to redeem, to recover; to retract, to claim, to withdraw; to reap, to get, to derive; to receive; to lodge, to shelter, to harbor; to fire off again, to let off again (fireworks); to remove (from school, prison); to derive (profit). — sa parole; to call back one’s word. — quelqu’un de prison; to remove any one from prison. — des choses qui étaient en gage; to take things out of pawn. — son enjeu; to withdraw one’s stakes. — du danger; to rescue from danger.

se retirer, v.r., to retire, to withdraw, to go away; (of water) to subside, to recede, to ebb; to retire from, to leave; to quit; to shrink, to contract, to recoup or retrieve one’s self, to be drawn back or withdrawn. Retirez-vous; leave the room; be off; (jur.) stand down (to witnesses). Il s’est retiré du service; he has quitted the service. Se — du commerce; to retire from business. Se — en lieu de sûreté; to retire to a place of safety. Il se retire de bonne heure; he keeps good hours. Ils se retirèrent chacun chez eux; they retired to their respective homes.

retirer, v.n., to withdraw, to ebb, to go down (of the tide).

retisser, v.a., to weave again.

retombée, n.f., (arch.) springing (of an arch).

retomber, v.n., to fall again; to relapse, to fall down again; to fall. — malade; to fall ill again. — dans la même faute; to relapse into the same fault.

retondre, v.a., to shear again; (arch.) to clean off, to cut away useless ornaments.

retoquer, v.a., to pluck, to plow again (at exam.).

retordage, n.m., (manu.) twisting.

retordement, n.m., (manu.) twisting.

retordeur, n.m., twister, throwster.

retordre, v.a., to wring again, to twist again; to twist (silk, thread). Donner du fil à — à quelqu’un; to cut out work for any one, to give any one a great deal of trouble. Se —; to be twisted.

rétorquer, v.a., to retort.

retors, -e, adj., twisted; artful, deep, cunning, shrewd, crafty. Un homme —; a cunning, crafty man.

rétorsion, n.f., act of retorting, retortion.

retorte, n.f., (chem.) retort. V. cornue.

*retortiller, v.a., to twist again.

retouche, n.f., (paint.) retouching.

retoucher, v.n., to touch again, to retouch; to touch up, to improve.

retoucher, v.a., to retouch, to touch up, to improve; to correct, to alter. Se —; to be retouched.

retour, n.m., return, coming back; turning; winding; recurrence, conversion; (jur.) reversion; (arch.) return; thing given in to boot, into the bargain; acknowledgment; decline of life; wane; artifice, trick; change, reciprocity, caprice, whim; vicissitude; (nav.) homeward voyage. Le — du printemps; the return of spring. À mon —; on my return. Sans —; forever, irreparably, irrecoverably, irretrievably. Être de —; to have returned. Par — du courier; by return of post. Être sur son —; to be upon the point of returning. Être sur le —; to be upon the decline of life, to be going downhill, to be on the wane; to be past middle age. Avoir de fâcheux —s; to be odd, whimsical. Il n’y a point de — avec lui; there is no peace to be made with him; there is no end to his resentment. Amour qui n’est pas payé de —; unrequited love. À beau jeu, beau —; one good turn deserves another. La fortune a ses —s; fortune has its vicissitudes. Être perdu sans —; to be past all hope. — de chasse; luncheon (after shooting). Quel — me donnerez-vous? what will you give me to boot? Faire un — sur soi-même; to examine one’s self. En — de; in return for. Je serai de — à midi; I shall be back at twelve. Billet de —; return ticket. Sans esprit de —; without thinking of returning. Payer de —; to requite (hate, love, etc.). Faire — à; to return to, to revert. — d’âge; change of life.

retourne, n.f., turn-up card, trump-card, trumps.

retourner, v.n., to return, to go again, to go back, to go back again; to turn up (at cards). — sur ses pas; to retrace one’s steps. — en arrière; to turn back. — à son travail; to return to one’s work. N’y retournez pas; don’t do it again. Il retourne cœur; hearts are trumps. Voyons de quoi il retourne; (pop.) let us see what’s going on, or how matters stand.

retourner, v.a., to turn, to turn up; to revolve, to turn over, round, about, up, back; to turn (clothes); to mix (a salad). — un habit; to turn a coat. — du foin; to turn hay. — une carte; to turn up a card. — une salade; to mix a salad.

se retourner, v.r., to turn, to turn round; to turn one’s self, to be turned. S’en retourner; to return home, to go back again, to turn back.

retracement, n.m., retracing; description, relation.

retracer, v.a., to trace again; to retrace, to trace; to recount, to relate.

se retracer, v.r., to retrace, to recall to mind, to remember; to return, to recur, to be traced again.

rétractation, n.f., retractation, recantation.

rétracter, v.a., to retract, to recall, to recant.

se rétracter, v.r., to retract; to make a retraction; to recant.

rétractile, adj., retractile.

rétractilité, n.f., retractility.

rétraction, n.f., (med.) retraction; contraction.

retraduire, v.a., to translate again.

retraire, v.a., (jur.) to redeem an estate; to milk again.

retrait, -e, adj., lean, shrunk (grain); shrunk (of wood); (jur.) withdrawn, redeemed.

retrait, n.m., closet, private room; (jur.) redemption, regaining possession; withdrawal (of a bill in parliament, of money from a bank); (arch.) off-set; shrinking, contraction (of clay, metals). — conventionnel; (jur.) re-emption. Le — d’un projet de loi; the withdrawal of a bill in parliament. — d’emploi; (milit.) being unattached (of officers).

retraite, n.f., retreat; retiring; retirement; refuge, hiding-place, haunt, lurking-place; retiring pension, pension; shrinking, contraction (of clay, of metals); (arch.) offset; nail (in the foot of a horse); (milit.) tattoo; (com.) redraft. Battre en —; to retreat, to draw off, to beat a retreat. Sonner la —; (hunt.) to call off the hounds; (milit.) to sound a retreat. Donner — à quelqu’un; to shelter any one, to harbour any one. — de voleurs; resort, den, of thieves. Donner à quelqu’un sa —; to pension any one off. Mettre à la —; to pension off, to superannuate. Prendre sa —; to retire on a pension, to retire from the service. Battre la —; (milit.) to beat the tattoo. Officier en —; retired, or half-pay, officer.

retraité, -e, n. and adj., one who is pensioned off, superannuated; on the retired list. Officier —; officer on the retired list. Un —; one who is pensioned off, a pensioner.

retranchement (-trānsh-mān), n.m., retrenchment, abridging, suppression; curtailment; (milit.) retrenchment, intrenchment. Forcer quelqu’un dans ses —s; to storm any one in his stronghold.

retrancher, v.a., to retrench, to curtail, to cut short; to cut off, to strike off, to erase; (arith.) to subtract; to take away, to abridge; to suppress; to deduct; to take away (from); (milit.) to intrench. — un camp; to intrench a camp.

se retrancher, v.r., to restrain one’s self; to confine one’s self; to retrench, to curtail one’s expenses; (milit.) to intrench one’s self; to fall back upon, to urge, to plead, to put forward.

retranscrire, v.a., to copy out again.

*retravailler, v.a., to work again, to do over again.

retraverser, v.a., to cross, to traverse again.

retrayant, n.m., -e, n.f., (jur.) repurchaser; re-emptor.

rêtre, n.m. V. reître.

rétréci, -e, adj., narrow, cramped, contracted, confined.

rétrécir, v.a., to take in, to straiten, to make narrower, to contract; to narrow, to cramp; to shrink; to limit.

se rétrécir, v.r., to become narrow, to grow strait; to shrink, to contract; to be cramped, contracted, straitened.

rétrécir, v.n., to narrow, to shrink up.

rétrécissement (-sis-mān), n.m., narrowing, shrinking, cramping; contracting; narrowness, contraction; (med.) stricture.

rétreindre, v.a., to hammer out (metal).

rétreinte, n.f., hammering out.

retremper, v.a., to temper again (metal); to give renewed force to, to strengthen.

se retremper, v.r., to acquire renewed strength; to recruit one’s strength, to be strengthened, invigorated.

rétribué, -e, adj., remunerated, rewarded.

rétribuer, v.a., to remunerate, to requite, to reward; to give a salary, a fee, to.

rétribution, n.f., retribution, reward.

rétroacti-f, -ve, adj., retroactive.

rétroaction, n.f., retroaction.

rétroactivement (-tiv-mān), adv., retroactively.

rétroactivité, n.f., retroactive effect.

rétroagir, v.n., to have a retroactive effect.

rétrocéder, v.a., to give back again, to cede back; (jur.) to reconvey; to reassign.

rétrocessi-f, -ve, adj., retroceding, retrocedent.

rétrocession, n.f., (jur.) retrocession, redemise, reconveyance.

rétrogradation, n.f., (astron.) retrogradation, retrogression, retrocession.

rétrograde, adj., retrograde.

rétrograder, v.n., to retrograde, to go backward; to go back.

rétrogressi-f, -ve, adj., retrogressive.

rétrogression, n.f., retrogression.

rétrospecti-f, -ve, adj., retrospective.

retroussé, -e, part., turned up, tucked up, cocked up. Nez —; snub nose, turned-up nose. Avoir le bras —; to have one’s sleeves tucked up.

retroussement (-troos-mān), n.m., turning up, tucking up, cocking up, curling up.

retrousser, v.a., to turn up, to tuck up, to cock; to tie up; (nav.) to truss up sails. — sa robe; to tuck up one’s gown. — sa moustache; to turn up one’s moustache.

se retrousser, v.r., to turn up, to cock up; to tie up; to tuck up one’s gown.

retroussis, n.m., cock, flap (of a hat); boot-top, top (of a boot); facing (of a uniform, livery).

retrouver, v.a., to find again, to recover; to recognize; to meet again. Je le retrouverai bien; he will not escape me.

se retrouver, v.r., to find one another again; to find one’s self again; to be found again; to be met with again; to find one’s way.

rets (ré), n.m., net, netting, snare, toils.

réunion, n.f., reunion, union, junction; meeting, assembly; company; concourse, gathering; party, soirée, reception. Salle de —; assembly-room. Maison de —; meeting-house.

réunir, v.a., to reunite, to join again, to bring together again, to reannex; to unite, to join, to bring together, to annex; to collect, to assemble, to muster; to call together, to combine; to reconcile, to unite. — des faits; to collect facts.

se réunir, v.r., to reunite, to unite, to join, to join again, to unite again; to be united, to be joined, to be collected; to meet (at an appointed place); to gather, to collect, to come together, to assemble, to muster, to club together, to combine, to blend, to be blended.

réussi, -e, adj., successful, brilliant, well executed or carried out. Bien —; well done; a success, well-performed. Mal —; badly done; spoilt, badly performed; not a success.

réussir, v.n., to succeed, to prosper, to thrive, to be successful, to have success. — à faire quelque chose; to succeed in doing anything. Il a mal réussi; he was unsuccessful. Ce projet n’a pas réussi; the plan did not succeed. Tout ce qu’il entreprend lui réussit; everything he undertakes succeeds. Les pommiers réussissent dans ce terrain; apple-trees thrive in this soil. Cela m’a bien réussi; that answered my purpose admirably.

réussir, v.a., to carry out well, to execute well, to accomplish, to perform.

réussite, n.f., success; issue, event, result.

revacciner, v.a., to revaccinate.

revalidation, n.f., (jur.) rendering valid again.

revaloir, v.a., to return like for like; to be even with, to pay back. Il me le revaudra; he shall pay for it, I will be even with him (for it).

revanche, n.f., revenge, retaliation; return; return-match (at play). Avoir sa —; to have one’s revenge; to have one’s turn. Prendre sa —; to take one’s revenge; to return like for like; to play the return-match. En —; by way of retaliation; in return.

revancher, v.a., (fam.) to defend; to revenge; to return like for like.

se revancher, v.r., (fam.) to defend one’s self; to be revenged, to revenge; to return like for like; to have one’s turn. Se — d’un bienfait; to return a benefit.

revancheur, n.m., (l.u.) defender.

rêvasser, v.n., to have troubled dreams, to dream, to keep dreaming; to muse. — à une affaire; to muse over, or ponder over, any matter.

rêvasserie (-va-srî), n.f., unconnected, broken dreams; musing, dreaming.

rêvasseur, n.m., dreamer, muser.

rêve, n.m., dream; idle fancy, day-dream, vision, illusion.

revêche, adj., sharp, harsh, rough; stubborn, unruly, cross, untractable, ill-natured, dogged, cross-grained, crabbed, cantankerous. Diamant —; diamond not polishable in all its parts.

rêve-creux, n.m., (—) dreamer.

*réveil, n.m., waking, awaking; waking-time; (horl.) alarum, alarm; alarm-watch, alarm-clock; (milit.) reveille. À mon —; on my awaking.

*réveille-matin, n.m., (—) alarm-clock, alarum; chanticleer, cock; (bot.) wartwort, spurge.

*réveiller, v.a., to awake, to wake, to rouse, to rouse up, to call up; to stir up, to quicken, to revive, to recall, to evoke, to rake up. — des souvenirs fâcheux; to recall disagreeable recollections.

*se réveiller, v.r., to wake, to awake, to wake up, to awaken; to revive; to be aroused, to be renewed, to be awakened. Sa haine se réveilla; his hatred was aroused. Se — de son assoupissement; to awake from one’s lethargy. Se — en sursaut; to start up out of one’s sleep.

réveilleu-r, -se, n.m.f., waker, awakener, caller.

*réveillon, n.m., midnight repast; Christmas-eve revel; (paint.) strong touch of light.

révélat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., informer, revealer, discoverer, detector. adj., revealing, tell-tale. — d’un complot; revealer of a plot. Être le — de ses complices; to inform against one’s accomplices; (jur.) to turn king’s, queen’s, evidence.

révélation, n.f., revelation; discovery, disclosure; (jur.) information.

révéler, v.a., to reveal, to discover, to lay open, to disclose, to detect; to betray; to inform against; (fam., pop.) to blab.

revenant, -e, adj., pleasing, prepossessing. Physionomie —e; pleasing physiognomy.

revenant (rĕ-vnān), n.m., ghost, spirit. Il y a des —s dans cette maison; that house is haunted.

revenant-bon, n.m., (—s-—s) perquisite; bonus; emolument; windfall, godsend.

revendage, n.m., huckstering.

revendeu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., retail dealer, retailer; dealer in old clothes; regrater. —se à la toilette; wardrobe dealer, dealer in cast clothes.

revendicable, adj., claimable.

revendication, n.f., (jur.) claim; claiming, demand. Action en —; (jur.) action in pursuit of a claim.

revendiquer, v.a., to claim, to demand.

revendre, v.a., to sell again; to re-sell. Il en a à —; he has enough of it, and to spare. En — à quelqu’un; to be deeper than any one, to be more than a match for any one; to outdo.

revenir (rĕ-vnir), v.n., to come again, to come back, to come back again, to return, to recover, to recover one’s self; to get over, to come to one’s self, to come to; to be restored; to occur, to recur, to present one’s self; to resume, to reconsider; to alter one’s mind, to change one’s opinion, to recant, to retract; to be undeceived; to come over to, to adopt, to embrace; to retrieve; to be reconciled, to be appeased, to be pacified; to cost, to stand in; to amount, to come to; to be tantamount to; to please, to suit, to match; to arise, to accrue, to result, to proceed; to appear, to haunt, to walk; (jur.) to claim on a guarantee; (of food) to rise (in the stomach). Faire — quelqu’un; to call any one back. Son nom ne me revient pas; I do not recollect his name. Revenons à notre propos; let us resume, let us return to our business. J’en reviens toujours là que; I still persist in thinking that. En — toujours là; to be always harping on the same string. — à la charge; to return to the charge. — à ses moutons; to return to one’s subject. — sur une matière; to return to a subject. — d’une maladie; to recover from an attack of illness. Il revient à vue d’œil; he is recovering visibly. — à soi; to recover one’s senses, to come to one’s self again, to come to, to revive; to resume one’s serenity; to reform, to be reformed, to be reclaimed, to return to the right path. — d’une frayeur; to recover from a fright. — en santé; to recover one’s health. — de loin; to escape great danger, to have a narrow escape; to recover from a dangerous illness. — sur l’eau; to get afloat again, to recover one’s losses. N’en pas —; to wonder at, to be lost in astonishment. En — d’une belle; to have had a narrow escape. Revenir à l’avis de; to come over to the opinion of, to fall in with any one’s views. Je n’en reviens pas; I cannot recover from my astonishment, I cannot get over it; I cannot make it out; (fam.) it caps me. — de ses préjugés; to shake off one’s prejudices. — de ses folies; to leave off one’s old pranks. Je suis revenu de ces amusements-là; I do not care for those amusements any more or these amusements pall upon me now. — sur le compte de quelqu’un; to have a better (or a worse) opinion of any one (as the case may be). Quand on m’a fait de ces tours, je ne reviens pas; when people play me such tricks as those I never forgive them. Son humeur ne me revient pas; his humor does not please me. Les deux choses reviennent au même; the two things amount to the same, come to the same, are tantamount to the same. Cet habit revient à tant; that coat costs so much. Il me revient que; I hear, I am told, or I understand that. Il ne m’en revient rien; I get nothing by it. De la viande qui revient; meat that rises in one’s stomach. Le vin fait — le cœur; wine cheers the heart. Faire — de la viande; (cook.) to parboil, to half-cook meat.

revente, n.f., resale; selling again, reselling; regrating. De —; second-hand. Lit de —; second-hand bed.

reventer, v.a., (nav.) to fill a sail again.

revenu (rĕ-vnu), n.m., revenue, income, rent, profit. Etat des —s; rental. —s casuels; perquisites.

revenue, n.f., young wood (of a coppice).

rêver, v.n., to dream, to be in a dream; to rave, to be light-headed; to talk idly; to have a wandering mind, to muse; to think, to reflect, to consider. Il rêve tout éveillé; he indulges in day-dreams. J’ai rêvé longtemps sur cette affaire; I have pondered long over that affair. Je regagnai mon hôtellerie en rêvant; I trudged back to my inn in a thoughtful mood.

rêver, v.a., to dream, to long for, to desire ardently, to dream of. Il ne rêve que fortune; he thinks of nothing but riches.

réverbérant, -e, adj., reverberating.

réverbération, n.f., reverberation; reverberation, repercussion (of sound). La — des rayons du soleil; the reverberation of the solar rays.

réverbère, n.m., reflector, street lamp. Feu de —; (chem.) reverberated fire.

réverbérer, v.a. and n., to reverberate.

reverdie, n.m., (nav.) return of the high tide.

reverdir, v.a. and n., to paint green again; to become green again; to grow young again; to reblossom; (fig.) to grow influential, powerful again. Planter là quelqu’un pour —; to leave any one in the lurch; to give any one the slip. Il faut — ces barreaux; these iron bars must be painted green again. Faire —; to make green; to revive.

reverdissement (-dis-mān), n.m., growing green again.

révéremment (-ra-mān), adv., reverently.

révérence, n.f., reverence, veneration; bow, curtsey. Avec —; reverently. Faire une profonde —; to make a low bow, a low curtsey. Tirer sa — à quelqu’un; (jest.) to bow to any one.

révérencielle, adj., reverential.

révérencieusement (-eûz-mān), adv., reverentially.

révérencieu-x, -se, adj., reverential; bowing and scraping, obsequious.

révérend, -e, adj., reverend. Très —; right reverend. [Sometimes used as a noun in the masculine.]

révérendissime, adj., most reverend.

révérer, v.a., to revere, to reverence, to venerate, to hold in veneration.

rêverie (rê-vrî), n.f., reverie, musing; dream; raving, delirium. Tomber en —; to fall to musing.

revernir, v.a., to glaze again, to varnish over again.

☉reverquier, n.m. V. revertier.

revers (-vèr), n.m., back, reverse; facing (of clothes); lapel (of a coat); back stroke; top (of boots); reverse, change for the worse. Coup de —; back-handed stroke. Donner un —; to hit a back stroke. Le — de la médaille; the reverse side of the medal; (fig.) the dark side of the picture. Le — de la tranchée; (fort.) the reverse of the trench. A or de —; (mil.) in the rear, on the flank.

réversal, -e, adj., (jur.) confirmatory.

reverseau, n.m., flashing-board (for doors, etc.).

reversement, n.m., (nav.) trans-shipment. V. transbordement.

reverser, v.a., to pour out again; to pour off; (nav.) to trans-ship (V. transborder); (com.) to transfer, to carry (forward or over).

reversi or reversis, n.m., reversis (card game).

réversibilité, n.f., (jur.) revertibility.

réversible, adj., reversible; (jur.) revertible.

réversion, n.f., (jur.) reversion.

réversoir, n.m., dam, weir.

revertier (-tié), n.m., sort of backgammon.

revêtement (-vê-tmān), n.m., (arch., mas.) covering, lining, coating, casing, facing; (fort.) revetement; (joinery) veneering.

revêtir, v.a., to clothe; to give clothes to, to invest; to dress; to put on, to assume; to endow a person with; to bestow on a person; (mas.) to line, to cover. — les pauvres; to clothe the poor. — un habit; to put on a coat. — ses pensées d’un style brillant; to clothe one’s thoughts in brilliant language. — la figure de quelqu’un; to put on the air of some one else. Les formes que revêt la pensée; the forms that thought assumes. — un personnage; to assume a character. Je me suis dépouillé de cet emploi pour l’en —; I threw up this employment in his favor, to bestow it on him. — une terrasse de gazon; to cover a terrace with turf.

se revêtir, v.r., to clothe one’s self, to array one’s self, to invest one’s self, to dress, to put on, to assume, to take; to be invested.

rêveu-r, -se, n. and adj., dreamer, muser; thoughtful, pensive, dreamy, musing.

revidage, n.m., (at auction) knock-out.

revider, v.a., to empty again; to knock out.

revient (rĕvi-in), n.m., (com.) only used in: prix de —; net cost.

revirade, n.f., (backgammon) back-game.

revirement (re-vir-mān), n.m., sudden change; (nav.) tacking; (com. and fin.) transfer. — de parties; (com.) transfer.

revirer, v.n., (nav.) to tack about, to tack, to put about; to turn round, to change sides, to be a turn-coat, to rat. Il a reviré de bord; he has ratted.

revisable, adj., revisable.

reviser, v.a., to revise, to review, to examine.

reviseur, n.m., reviser, examiner.

revision, n.f., revisal, revision, re-examination, review. Sujet à —; questionable. — de procès; rehearing. Faire la — d’une feuille; (print.) to revise a sheet. Conseil de —; (milit.) examining-board (as to health of recruits).

revivification, n.f., (chem.) revivification.

revivifier, v.a., to revive, to revivify, to vivify; to regenerate.

revivre, v.n., to come to life again; to live again; to revive. Faire —; to bring to life again, to revive, to restore. Les pères revivent dans leurs enfants; fathers live again in their children.

révocabilité, n.f., revocability.

révocable, adj., revocable, reversible, repealable.

☉révocati-f, -ve, adj., repealing.

révocation, n.f., revocation, repeal, revoking, recall.

révocatoire, adj., revocatory.

revoici, prep., (fam., jest) once more, here ... again. Me —; here am I again.

revoilà, prep., (fam., jest) once more, there ... again. Les revoilà! there they are again!

revoir, v.a., to see again; to meet again; to revise, to review, to re-examine.

se revoir, v.r., to see, to meet, each other again; to be seen again. Nous nous reverrons; we shall meet again.

revoir, n.m., seeing, or meeting, again. Au —; good-bye for the present, or till we meet again. À —; to be revised.

revoler, v.n., to fly again, to fly back; to steal, or rob, again.

revolin, n.m., (nav.) eddy-wind.

révoltant, -e, adj., revolting.

révolte, n.f., revolt, rebellion.

révolté, n.m., rebel.

révolter, v.a., to cause to revolt or rebel, to stir up; to rouse, to excite; to shock, to disgust, to horrify.

se révolter, v.r., to revolt, to rebel, to be indignant, to be shocked.

révolter, v.n., to revolt, to rebel.

révolu, -e, adj., revolved, accomplished, completed, finished, ended.

révoluti-f, -ve, adj., (bot.) revolute.

révolution, n.f., revolution.

révolutionnaire, n.m. and adj., revolutionist; revolutionary.

révolutionnairement (-sio-nèr-mān), adv., in a revolutionary manner.

révolutionner, v.a., to revolutionize.

revolver (ré-vol-vèr), n.m., revolver.

revomir, v.a., to vomit, to throw up again; to vomit again; to bring up.

révoquer, v.a., to recall (an ambassador); to dismiss (a clerk, an officer, an official, etc.); to revoke, to repeal. — en doute; to call in question.

revouloir, v.a., to wish again, to wish again for.

revoyager, v.n., to travel again.

revue, n.f., review; magazine; survey, examination, revision. Faire la — de; to examine, to survey. Faire une — de ses papiers; to examine one’s papers. Passer en —; (milit.) to review. Être gens de —; to meet often.

révulsi-f, -ve, adj., (med.) revulsive.

révulsif, n.m., (med.) revulsive.

révulsion, n.f., revulsion.

rez, prep., (l.u.) level with, even with. — pied, — terre; even, or level, with the ground.

rez-de-chaussée, n.m., (—) ground-floor; level with the ground. Au —; on the ground-floor. À —; level with the ground.

rhabdologie, n.f. V. rabdologie.

rhabdomancie, n.f. V. rabdomancie.

*rhabillage, n.m., repairing, mending, botching, patching.

*rhabillement, n.m. V. rhabillage.

*rhabiller, v.a., to dress again, to clothe anew; to mend, to patch up.

*rhabilleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f. V. rebouteur.

rhagade, n.f., (med.) rhagade, crack, chap, fissure.

rhapontic, n.m., (bot.) bastard monk’s-rhubarb, rheum rhaponticum.

rhapsode, n.m., rhapsodie, n.f., rhapsodiste, n.m. V. rapsode, rapsodie, rapsodiste.

rhénan, -e, adj., (geog.) Rhenish.

rhésus (-zus), n.m., pig-tailed baboon.

rhéteur, n.m., rhetorician, rhetor.

rhétien, -ne (ti-in, -tiè-n), adj., (geog.) Rhetian.

rhétoricien (-si-in), n.m., rhetorician.

rhétorique, n.f., rhetoric. Figure de —; rhetorical figure. Faire sa —; to be in the class of rhetoric (in the highest form but one; the Remove).

rhin, n.m., (geog.) Rhine. Vin du —; Rhenish wine, Rhine-wine.

rhinanthe, n.f., (bot.) cock’s-comb.

rhingrave, n.m., rhingrave (German governor).

rhingrave, n.f., (formerly) a sort of knee-breeches, knickerbockers.

rhinocéros (-ros), n.m., rhinoceros.

rhinoplastie, n.f., (surg.) rhinoplasty.

rhodium (-om), n.m., (min.) rhodium.

rhododendron, n.m., (bot.) rhododendron; rose-bay.

rhombe, n.m., (geom.) rhomb, rhombus; (ich.) rhombus.

rhomboèdre, n.m., (geom.) rhombohedron.

rhomboïdal, -e, adj., rhomboidal.

rhomboïde, n.m., (anat., geom.) rhomboid.

rhubarbe, n.f., rhubarb. — blanche; white jalap. — des moines; monk’s-rhubarb, herb-patience.

rhum (rom), n.m., rum.

rhumatique, adj., rheumatic.

rhumatisant, -e, n. and adj., rheumatic.

rhumatismal, -e, adj., rheumatic.

rhumatisme, n.m., rheumatism.

rhumb, n.m. V. rumb.

rhume, n.m., cold. — de cerveau; cold in the head. Un gros —; a violent cold. — de poitrine; cold on the chest. Attraper un —; to catch a cold.

rhus (rus), n.m. V. sumac.

rhythme, n.m. V. rythme.

rhythmique, adj. V. rythmique.

riant, -e, adj., laughing, smiling, lively, cheerful; pleasant, pleasing.

ribambelle, n.f., swarm, string; host, lot (of people).

ribaud, -e, n. and adj., (l.ex.) ribald.

ribauderie (-bô-drî), n.f., ribaldry.

ribaudure, n.f., crease, fold (in cloth).

riblette, n.f., (cook.) collop, rasher.

riblons, n.m.pl., scrap-iron.

ribord, n.m., (nav.) garboard strake.

ribordage, n.m., (nav.) damage by fouling.

ribote, n.f., (pop.) debauch, drunken bout. Être en —; to be boozy, drunk, tight; to be on the spree. Faire —; to have a drunken bout.

riboter, v.n., (pop.) to get boozy, drunk; to be on the spree.

riboteu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., (pop.) drunkard; boozer.

ricanement (-ka-n-mān), n.m., chuckling, chuckle, sneering, sneer; giggling, giggle.

ricaner, v.n., to chuckle, to sneer, to snigger, to giggle.

ricanerie (-ka-n-rî), n.f. V. ricanement.

ricaneu-r, -se, n. and adj., sneerer, sneering; giggler, giggling.

ric-à-ric, adv., in driblets; (fam.) rigorously, strictly.

richard, n.m., moneyed man; rich fellow; capitalist, nabob.

riche, n.m. and adj., rich man; rich, wealthy, opulent; sumptuous; copious; valuable, precious. Un — parti; a good match (marriage). — moisson; abundant harvest. Langue —; copious language. Le mauvais —; the rich man of the Gospel.

richement (rish-mān), adv., richly, opulently, copiously, splendidly; preciously.

richesse, n.f., riches, wealth, wealthiness, opulence; copiousness; richness. La — d’une langue; the copiousness of a language. Contentement passe —; enough is as good as a feast.

richissime, adj., (fam.) inordinately rich.

ricin, n.m., (bot.) palma Christi, castor-oil plant. Huile de —; castor-oil.

ricocher, v.n., (artil.) to ricochet, to rebound.

ricochet, n.m., duck and drake (rebound on the water); series; chain, succession; (artil.) ricochet. Faire des —s; (artil.) to ricochet; to make ducks and drakes on the water. Feu à —; (artil.) ricochet-firing or fire. C’est la chanson du —; it is the same thing over and over again. Par —; indirectly.

rictus, n.m., grin, grinning.

ride, n.f., wrinkle (on the face); (bot.) wrinkle; ripple (on the water); (nav.) laniard. —s des haubans; shroud laniards.

ridé, -e, adj., wrinkled; (bot.) rugose. Une pomme —e; a shriveled apple.

rideau, n.m., curtain; screen (of trees); (fort.) rideau. Tirer le —; to draw the curtain. Baisser le —; (thea.) to drop the curtain. Lever de —; (thea.) curtain-raiser. — d’entr’acte; drop-scene.

ridée, n.f., clap-net.

ridelle, n.f., staff-side, standard-side (of a cart).

rider, v.a., to wrinkle (the skin); to shrivel; to crumple; to ripple, to ruffle (water); to corrugate, to contract.

se rider, v.r., to wrinkle, to shrivel, to shrivel up; to ripple, to ruffle (of water).

ridicule, adj., ridiculous. Se rendre —; to make one’s self ridiculous.

ridicule, n.m., ridicule, ridiculousness; ridiculous person, ridiculous thing. Tomber dans le —, or tourner au —; to become ridiculous. Tourner quelqu’un en —; to ridicule any one.

ridiculement (-kul-mān), adv., ridiculously.

ridiculiser, v.a., to ridicule, to make ridiculous, to make fun (of).

ridiculité, n.f., (l.u.) ridiculousness, ridiculous thing. C’est une — de parler ainsi; it is absurd to speak in this manner.

rièble, n.m. V. grateron.

rien (ri-in), n.m., nothing, nought, not anything; mere nothing, trifle, mere trifle. Pour —; for nothing, for next to nothing, for a mere trifle, for a song, — de plus beau; nothing finer. — autre chose; nothing else. On ne fait — de —; nothing can be made out of nothing. Je n’en ferai —; I shall do nothing of the sort. Cette montre ne vous sert à —; that watch is of no use to you. Il ne sert à — de; it is of no use to. Cet homme ne m’est —; that man is nothing to me. Cela ne fait —; that does not matter. Tout comme si de — n’était; as if nothing at all was the matter. Ne faites semblant de —; pretend not to mind it, not to see it, say nothing at all. Je ne pense à — moins qu’à cela; nothing is further from my thoughts. Ce n’est — moins que cela; it is quite another thing, it is anything but that. En moins de —; in the twinkling of an eye, in a trice. De —; don’t mention it! of nothing; insignificant. — au monde ne me fera oublier cela; nothing in the world will make me forget that. — de —; absolutely nothing. Moins que —; very little. S’il y a — qui me plaise; if anything pleases me. Y a-t-il — de nouveau? is there any news? N’aboutir à —; to come to nothing.

rieu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., laugher, giggler, sneerer. Il a les —s de son côté; he has the laughers on his side.

rieu-r, -se, adj., laughing, joking, sneering, mocking, jeering.

riflard, n.m., old umbrella; gamp; (carp.) horse-plane; (for stones) paring-chisel; (for metal) rough file.

rigaudon, n.m. V. rigodon.

rigide, adj., rigid, strict, harsh, severe, stiff.

rigidement (-jid-mān), adv., rigidly, strictly, harshly, stiffly.

rigidité, n.f., rigidness, rigidity, stiffness, strictness, severity, harshness.

rigodon, n.m., rigadoon (dance).

rigole, n.f., trench, little ditch or furrow, little gutter; culvert (of roads).

rigorisme, n.m., rigorism, austerity; hyper-criticism.

rigoriste, n.m.f. and adj., rigorist; hyper-critic; over-rigid, over-severe; hypercritical.

rigoureusement (-reûz-mān), adv., rigorously, severely, strictly, harshly.

rigoureu-x, -se, adj., rigorous, stern, harsh; strict; severe, sharp; close.

rigueur (-gheur), n.f., rigor, severity; harshness; sternness, sharpness, closeness, precision. La — du sort; the sternness of fate. Traiter quelqu’un avec —; to be severe with any one. Cette règle est de —; this rule is indispensable. Jouer de —; to play the strict rule of the game. La — de l’hiver; the inclemency of the winter. À la —; strictly speaking; in a strict sense; for once in a way; if absolutely necessary.

*rillettes, n.f.pl., minced pork.

*rimaille, n.f., (b.s.), rhyming doggerel.

*rimailler, v.n., to write bad verses.

*rimailleur, n.m., sorry rhymer, poetaster.

rime, n.f., rhyme. pl. verse. —s croisées; alternate rhymes. —s plates; following rhymes (line by line). Il n’y a ni — ni raison dans ce qu’il dit; there is neither rhyme nor reason in what he says.

rimer, v.n. and a., to rhyme. Cela ne rime à rien; there’s no sense in it; it is all nonsense; that means nothing at all. De la prose rimée; mere doggerel.

rimeur, n.m., rhymer; poetaster.

rinçage, n.m., rinsing.

rinceau, n.m., (arch.) foliage; (her.) bough.

rincer, v.a., to rinse, to wash, to cleanse. Il a été bien rincé; (pop.) he has been well drenched; he has been well thrashed; well paid out.

se rincer, v.r., to rinse. Se — la bouche; to rinse one’s mouth.

rinceu-r, -se, n.m.f., rinser, washer.

rinçoir, n.m., rinsing tub.

rinçure, n.f., rinsings; slops; (of wine) poor watery stuff.

ringard, n.m., (tech.) fire-iron, poker, iron-rake.

ringrave, n.m.f. V. rhingrave.

☉riolé, -e, adj., streaked.

rioter, v.n., to giggle, to titter.

rioteu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., giggler, titterer.

riotte, n.f., tiff.

ripage, n.m., (tech.) scraping.

*ripaille, n.f., feasting, junketing. Faire —; to feast, to junket.

ripe, n.f., (sculpt.) scraper.

riper, v.a., (sculpt.) to scrape.

ripopée, n.f., slops, medley; slipslop, mish-mash; bad wine.

riposte, n.f., smart reply, repartee; (fenc.) parry and thrust, return.

riposter, v.n., to repartee, to make a smart reply; to make a return; to reply, to answer, to return it; (fenc.) to parry and thrust. Il riposta d’un soufflet; he replied with a slap in the face.

ripuaire, adj., riparian, riverine.

rire (riant, ri), v.n., to laugh; to be merry; to look pleasant, to smile; to be in jest, to joke, to make game of; to trifle; to be favorable, to be propitious; to scoff at. Eclater de —; to break out into laughter, to burst out laughing. Etouffer de —; to be suffocating with laughter. Se tenir les côtes de —; to split one’s sides with laughing. Se pâmer de —; to die with laughing. Avoir le mot pour —; to be facetious, to be ever ready with a joke. — à gorge déployée; to roar with laughter. — du bout des dents, — jaune; to laugh on the wrong side of one’s mouth, to force a laugh. — dans sa barbe, — sous cape; to laugh in one’s sleeve. — de; to laugh at, not to mind, not to care for. — de quelqu’un; to laugh at any one. — au nez de quelqu’un; to laugh in any one’s face. Apprêter à —; to make one’s self a laughing-stock. Rira bien qui rira le dernier or marchand qui perd ne peut —; let them laugh that win. Cela fait —; that makes one laugh. Il n’y a pas là de quoi —; there’s nothing to laugh at in that. Il n’y a pas de quoi —; it is no laughing matter. Et la foule de —; up went a great shout of laughter from the crowd! — aux anges; to laugh beyond measure; to laugh alone, or to one’s self. — aux dépens d’autrui; to laugh at another’s expense. Nous rirons bien; we shall have great fun. La fortune lui rit; fortune smiles upon him. Est-ce que vous riez? are you jesting? Vous voulez —; you are jesting. Je le disais pour —; I said it in jest. — de bon cœur; to laugh heartily. Pour —; in play, for fun. En riant, or pour —; jokingly, in jest, for fun. Histoire de —; for fun, for a lark. Un roi pour —; a sham king. Un conte pour —; a laughable story. Pincer sans —; to jest bitingly. Tel qui rit vendredi, dimanche pleurera; laughter is akin to tears, or laugh to-day and cry to-morrow.

se rire, v.r., to laugh; to make sport, to jest, to trifle, to scoff. On se rit de lui; he is laughed at.

rire, n.m., laugh; laughter, laughing; giggle; grin. De grands éclats de —; great shouts of laughter. Un — moqueur; a sneer. Un — niais; a silly laugh. Un gros —; loud laughter; a horse-laugh. — étouffé; suppressed laugh; giggle. Accès de —; fit of laughter. Partir d’un éclat de —; to burst out laughing.

ris, n.m., (poet.) laugh, smile, laughter; (nav.) reef (of sails); (cook.) sweet-bread. Un — forcé; a forced laugh. Un — moqueur; a sneer. Prendre un —; (nav.) to take in a reef. — de veau; (cook.) sweet-bread.

risban, n.m., (fort.) risband.

risdale, n.f. V. rixdale.

risée, n.f., laugh, laughter, mockery, derision; butt, laughing-stock; (nav.) gust, squall, flaw. Être, or faire, la — de tout le monde; to be the laughing-stock of everyone. Objet de —; laughing-stock.

riser, v.a., (nav.) to strike a sail, to reef.

risette, n.f., pretty laugh, smile.

risibilité, n.f., risibility.

risible, adj., risible; comical, laughable.

risiblement, adv., laughably.

risquable, adj., adventurous, hazardous; that may be ventured.

risque, n.m., risk, hazard, peril. J’en courrai le —; I will run the risk of it. À tout —; at all hazards or costs. À ses —s et périls; at one’s own risk. Au — de; at the risk of.

risqué, -e, adj., risky, hazardous, hazarded; bold; improper, broad, free.

risquer, v.a., to risk, to hazard, to venture, to run the risk of, to have to fear. Qui ne risque rien n’a rien; nothing venture, nothing have. — le paquet; to risk all or to brave the storm.

se risquer, v.r., to risk, to venture, to take one’s chance of.

risque-tout, n.m., desperado, dare-devil.

risse, n.f., (nav.) lashing-rope.

risser, v.a., to lash, to frap.

rissole, n.f., (cook.) minced meat fritter, rissole.

rissolé, -e, part., (cook.) brown, browned; crackling. Il a le visage —; his face is sunburnt.

rissoler, v.a., (cook.) to roast brown.

se rissoler, v.r., (cook.) to roast brown.

ristorne or ristourne, n.f., (com.) canceling an insurance.

ristorner or ristourner, v.a., (com.) to cancel an insurance; to carry to another account.

rit or rite, n.m., rite.

ritournelle, n.f., (mus.) ritornello, flourish.

ritualiste, n.m.f., ritualist.

rituel, n.m., ritual, prayer-book.

rivage, n.m., shore, sea-shore, strand, beach; bank-side (of rivers); water-side. Être jeté sur le —; to be cast ashore. Quitter le —; to put off.

rival, -e, n. and adj., rival. Ils sont rivaux de gloire; they are rivals in glory.

rivaliser, v.n., to rival, to vie, to compete, to strive, to strive with, to emulate. Ils ont rivalisé d’efforts; they vied with each other in efforts.

rivalité, n.f., rivalry, rivalship, competition, emulation.

rive, n.f., shore, bank (of rivers); border, skirt (of woods). On n’y voit ni fond ni —; (prov.) it is beyond any man’s comprehension.

rivement, n.m., riveting.

river, v.a., to rivet, to clinch. — son clou à quelqu’un; to give any one a clincher, to silence any one.

riverain (rī-vrin), n.m., river-side resident; borderer; owner of riverside property.

riverain, -e, adj., riparian, bordering (on rivers or woods); riverine; possessing property situated along a forest, road, or street.

rivet, n.m., rivet.

rivetage, n.m., riveting.

rivière, n.f., river, stream. Bras d’une —; branch of a river. Gens de —; watermen. La — est marchande; the river is navigable. Les petits ruisseaux font les grandes —s; many a little makes a mickle. Mettre des peaux en —; to soak skins. — de diamants; diamond necklace, stream of diamonds.

rivoir, n.m., riveting-hammer.

rivure, n.f., hinge-pin.

rixdale, n.f., rix-dollar.

rixe, n.f., combat, conflict, fight, scuffle; brawl, dispute, affray; quarrel.

riz (ri), n.m., (bot.) rice. — au lait; rice-milk. Gâteau de —; rice-pudding, rice-cake.

rize, n.m., rize (Turkish coin).

rizière, n.f., rice-field, rice-plantation.

rob, n.m., (pharm.) rob.

robe, n.f., gown, robe, dress, frock; coat (of certain animals); husk, peel (of certain vegetables, fruit); cloth (clergymen); long robe (lawyers). — de femme; dress, gown. — d’enfant; frock. — de chambre; morning-gown, dressing-gown. — décolletée; low dress. — montante; dress high to the neck. Gens de —; gentlemen of the long robe; barristers. En — de chambre; (of potatoes) in their skins, in their jackets.

rober, v.a., to bark (madder). — un chapeau; to rub a hat; (of cigars) to wrap.

robin, n.m., (b.s.) limb of the law, lawyer.

robin, proper name used in the following familiar and proverbial expressions: Toujours souvient à — de ses flûtes; one always remembers one’s old ways. C’est un plaisant —; he is a contemptible fellow, or an easy fool.

robinet, n.m., cock; tap, plug. — à deux eaux, à deux faces, à deux fins; double-valve cock. Fermer le —; to turn off the cock. Ouvrir le —; to turn on the cock.

robinier, n.m., (bot.) robinia, common acacia, locust-tree.

roborati-f, -ve, adj., (med.) (l.u.) roborant.

robre, n.m., rubber (whist).

robuste, adj., robust, hardy, strong, vigorous, sturdy.

robustement, adv., robustly, hardily, lustily, stoutly.

robustesse, n.f., robustness, strength, vigor.

roc, n.m., rock (isolated mass of stony matter); ☉rook, castle (at chess). — vif; solid rock.

*rocaille, n.f., rock-work, grotto work.

*rocailleur, n.m., grotto-maker, rock-work-maker.

*rocailleu-x, -se, adj., pebbly, stony, flinty; rugged, rough. Style —; harsh style.

rocambeau, n.m., (nav.) iron ring (holding the sails round the mast).

rocambole, n.f., (hort.) rocambole, seasoning; a trite, sorry joke; ☉piquancy, point, zest; cream (of anything). Et la —; (pop.) and the rest of it.

roccelle, n.f., (bot.) archil, orchil.

roche, n.f., rock, boulder; quartz, stony mass (inland); rock (insensibility), flint, steel. Cœur de —; heart of flint. Homme de la vieille —; man of the old stamp or school. Il y a quelque anguille sous —; there is a snake in the grass; I can smell a rat. — crayeuse; chalk rock. Eau de —; spring water.

rocher, n.m., rock, boulder, crag (sea-girt usually); (conch.) murex; (artificial) rockery. Plein de —s; rocky. Cœur de —; heart of flint. — escarpé; steep rock.

rocheraie (ro-shré), n.f., (orni.) stock-dove.

rochet, n.m., rocket (surplice); (horl.) rack, ratch; (of machinery) clink; (locksmith’s work) ratchet.

rocheu-x, -se, adj., (geol.) rocky, stony.

rock or rouc, n.m., roc (fabulous bird).

rococo, n.m., and adj., antiquated style, rococo style, bad taste (in arts); antiquated, trumpery, old, old-fashioned.

rocou, rocouer, rocouyer. V. roucou, roucouer, roucouyer.

rôder, v.n., to roam, to rove, to ramble; to prowl.

rôdeur, n.m., roamer, rover, rambler; vagrant; prowler.

rodomont, n.m., rodomont, blusterer, ranter, braggadocio, bully.

rodomontade, n.f., rodomontade, boasting, bluster, bravado, swaggering.

rogations, n.f.pl., (c.rel.) rogation. Jours des —; rogation-days. Semaine des —; rogation week.

rogatoire, adj., (jur.) of inquiry. Commission —; judicial commission (to examine witnesses).

rogatons, n.m.pl., scraps, odds and ends, broken meat; waste paper.

roger-bontemps, n.m., (—s-—) (fam.) a jolly fellow, merry andrew.

*rogne, n.f., itch; mange; (vet.) scab.

*rognement, n.m., cutting, paring, clipping.

*rogne-pieds, n.m.pl., (vet.) farrier’s knife.

*rogner, v.a., to clip, to cut (at the extremities); to pare, to crop, to prune, to lop; to cut off, to cut short, to pare off. — la vigne; to prune the vine. — un livre; to cut a book. — la monnaie; to clip coin. — les ongles à quelqu’un; to clip any one’s wings.

*rogneu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., clipper (of coin).

*rogneu-x, -se, adj., itchy, mangy, scabbed, scurvy.

*rognoir, n.m., (book-bind.) plow; cutting-press.

*rognon, n.m., kidney; (pop.) loins; hip; testicle (of some animals). Blessure aux —s d’un cheval; navel-gall. Mine en —s; (metal.) kidney-shaped ore.

*rognonner, v.n., to growl, to grumble.

*rognure, n.f., paring, clipping, cutting. pl., refuse, leavings.

rogomme, n.m., dram, spirits, grog. Voix de —; croaking voice, hoarse voice, drunkard’s voice.

rogue (rog), adj., (fam.) proud, haughty, disdainful.

roi, n.m., king. De par le —; in the king’s name. Vive le —; long live the king. Le jour des —s; Twelfth-day. Gâteau des —s; Twelfth-cake. Fêter, or tirer, les —s; to celebrate Twelfth-night. Vivre en —; to live like a king, like a prince. C’est la cour du — Pétaud; it is Bedlam broke loose. — d’armes; king at arms.

roide, adj. V. raide.

roitelet (roa-tlè), n.m., petty king, kinglet; (orni.) wren. — huppé; golden-crested wren. — triple bandeau; fire-crested wren.

rôlage, n.m., rolling (of tobaccos).

rôle, n.m., roll, scroll; list, rota, roster, catalogue; (thea.) part, character, impersonation; (jur.) cause-list. À tour de —; in turn, by turn, by rotation. Jouer bien son —; to play one’s part well. — de combat; (nav.) quarter-bill. — de quart; watch-bill. — d’équipage; (nav.) muster-roll. Sortir de son —; to be out of character, to exceed one’s attributes. Saisir son —; to catch the spirit of one’s part. Manquer son —; (fig.) to mistake one’s vocation. Outrer son —; to overdo one’s part.

rôler, v.n., (b.s.) to spin out legal documents (to increase the costs).

rôlet, n.m., (l.u.) character, little part. Jouer bien son —; to play one’s part well. Être au bout de son —; to be at one’s wits’ end, at the end of one’s tether.

rollier, n.m., (orni.) roller.

romain, -e, adj., Roman; Romish; (print.) Roman. À la —e; Roman-like. L’Eglise catholique —e; the church of Rome. Calendrier —; Romish calendar. Laitue —e; cos lettuce.

romain, n.m., -e, n.f., Roman.

romain, n.m., (print.) Roman, primer. Gros —; great primer. Petit —; long primer.

romaine, n.f., steelyard; (bot.) cos lettuce.

romaïque, n.m. and adj., Romaic, modern Greek language; Greek, Grecian.

romaïque, n.f., the Greek national dance.

roman, n.m., novel, romance, fiction, romancing tale; Romance (language). Cela tient du —; it is like a romance. C’est une aventure de —; it is a romantic adventure. De —; of novels, romantic, imaginary.

roman, -e, or romance, adj., Romanic, Romance.

romance, n.f., (mus.) ballad, song.

romancer or romanciser, v.n., to romance.

romancero, n.m., (—s) romancero, collection of short Spanish epic poems.

romancier, n.m., romance-writer; novelist, novel-writer.

romane, adj., (arch.) romanesque.

romanesque, adj., fanciful, romantic; romanesque.

romanesquement, adv., romantically, in a romantic manner.

romaniser, v.a. and n., to romanize.

romanticisme, n.m., romanticism.

romantique, n.m. and adj., romanticist, romanticism; romantic, romantical.

romantiquement (-tik-mān), adv., romantically.

romantisme, n.m., romanticism.

romarin, n.m., (bot.) rosemary.

rompement (ronp-mān), n.m., only used in: — de tête; mental fatigue, head-splitting.

rompre, v.a., to break, to break asunder, to snap; to break off, to dissolve; to train, to break in, to train up, to use; to divert, to turn off; (phys.) to refract; (med.) to rupture; (paint.) to blend. — un criminel; to break a criminal upon the wheel. — la tête à quelqu’un; to break any one’s head. — les chemins; to spoil the roads, to break up the roads. — la glace; to break the ice. — le cou à quelqu’un; to break any one’s neck, to ruin any one. — les couleurs; to blend the colors. — la mesure or la semelle; (fenc.) to retire in parrying, to draw back. — le grain germé; to turn the barley. — les bordages; (nav.) to rip off planks. — le sommeil de quelqu’un; to interrupt the sleep of any one. — un coup; to deaden a blow. — le silence; to break silence. — les chiens; (hunt.) to call off the dogs. — l’eau à un cheval; to interrupt a horse in drinking. — un traité; to break off a treaty. — son ménage; to give up housekeeping. — le carré; (milit.) to break the square. — une armée; to disband an army. — la paille; to break off (an agreement, a bargain, etc.); to break off, to fall out with, to become the enemy of any one. — son serment; to break one’s oath. — son jeûne; to break one’s fast. — sa prison; to break out of prison. — son ban; to break one’s ban. — la tête à quelqu’un; to turn any one’s brain; to worry any one. — un homme aux affaires; to train a man up to business. — un cheval; to break in a horse. À tout —; furiously, frantically. Cet acteur a été applaudi à tout —; that actor received frantic applause.

se rompre, v.r., to break, to break off, to snap, to break up, to break asunder; to discontinue; (phys.) to be refracted; (med.) to rupture. Se — la tête; to puzzle, or rack, one’s brains.

rompre, v.n., to break, to break asunder, to break off, to snap, to break up; to discontinue, to have done. — court; to break off short. — en visière avec quelqu’un; to tell any one the truth to his face; to quarrel openly with any one, to break off with any one.

rompu, -e, part., broken, snapped; broken in; (nav.) hogged (of a ship). Être — aux affaires; to be used, or accustomed, to business. Tout — de fatigue; quite worn out with fatigue. Travailler à bâtons —s; to work by fits and starts. Nombre —; (l.u.) fraction.

ronce, n.f., (bot.) bramble, brier; blackberry-bush; blackberry-tree; (fig.) thorn, obstacle.

ronceraie, n.f., brake, briery.

rond, -e, adj., round; rotund; frank, easy, plain-dealing; even (of money, accounts). Un peu —; roundish. Du fil —; coarse thread. Pain —; coarse bread. Voix —e; full voice. Compte —; even account. C’est un homme tout —; he is a plain-dealing man, or honesty itself. Être — en affaires; to be straightforward in business matters. Figure de —e bosse; (sculpt.) figure in alto-relievo. Période —e; full and rounded period.

rond, n.m., round, orb, ring, circle, disk. Danser en —; to dance in a ring. — d’eau; circular basin of water. — de serviette; napkin ring.

rondache, n.f., round buckler, round shield.

ronde, n.f., round; patrol; table song, roundelay; (mus.) semibreve; round hand (writing). Faire la —; to go the rounds. À la —; round about. Boire à la —; to drink all round. Passer à la —; to hand round, to pass round. Chemin des —s; round-way.

rondeau, n.m., rondeau, roundelay (French poet.); (mus.) rondo.

rondelet, -te (rōn-dlè, -t), adj., roundish, plump, plumpish.

rondelette, n.f., ground-ivy.

rondelettes, n.f.pl., sail-cloth made in Brittany.

rondelle, n.f., round shield; rundle, ring; washer (of a wheel); sculptor’s rounded chisel.

rondement (rōn-dmān), adv., roundly; quickly; briskly, vigorously; plainly, frankly; with a high hand. Mener une affaire —; not to dilly-dally. Y aller —; to act frankly and quickly. Il va — en besogne; he goes briskly to work.

rondeur, n.f., roundness, smoothness, undulating expanse, rotundity; fullness, flow; openness, plain dealing; curve, compass (of a piece of timber used in shipbuilding).

rondin, n.m., billet, round log; cudgel.

rondiner, v.a., to cudgel. — d’importance; to beat soundly.

rondon, n.m., (hawking) swoop, impetuosity. En —; impetuously.

rond-point, n.m. (—s-—s) (arch.) apsis; circus (place where several roads, or walks, meet).

ronflant, -e, adj., snoring; sonorous, high-sounding; loud.

ronflement, n.m., snoring, snore; roaring, peal, rumbling; humming; snorting (of horses). — des vents; roaring of the wind. — d’une toupie; humming of a top.

ronfler, v.n., to snore; (of horses) to snort; (of cannon, thunder) to roar; (of organs) to peal; (of spinning-tops) to hum.

ronfleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., snorer.

ronge, n.m., (hunt.) ruminating. Le cerf fait le —; the stag is ruminating.

rongeant, -e, adj., gnawing, devouring, corroding; (med.) corrosive.

*ronge-maille, n.m., (—) nibble (rat). Maître —; squire nibble.

ronge-ver, n.m., gnawing worm.

ronger, v.a., to gnaw, to nibble, to pick; to waste, to consume, to eat up, to corrode; to fret, to torment, to prey upon (the mind). — un os; to pick, or gnaw, a bone. — son frein; to champ the bit; to fret inwardly, to chafe. — ses ongles; to bite one’s nails. La rouille ronge le fer; rust corrodes iron. Donner un os à — à quelqu’un; (fig.) to bestow upon, to grant any one, a favor; to cut out work for any one, to give any one trouble.

rongeur, n. and adj. m., (mam.) rodent; gnawing, biting; corroding; consuming. Ver —; never-dying worm.

ronron, n.m., purr, purring. Faire —; to purr.

roquefort, n.m., Roquefort cheese.

☉roquelaure, n.f., roquelaure (sort of cloak).

roquentin, n.m., dotard, gray-beard, old buck.

roquer, v.n., to castle, to rook (at chess).

roquet, n.m., pug-dog; (fam.) dog, puppy, cur (person).

roquette, n.f., (bot.) rocket. — sauvage; wild rocket.

☉*roquille, n.f., gill, quartern.

rorage, n.m., dew-bleaching.

rosace, n.f., (arch.) rose; rose-work; (Gothic arch.) rose-window.

rosacé, -e, adj., (bot.) rosaceous.

rosacées, n.f.pl., (bot.) rose-tribe, rosaceæ.

rosage, n.m., (bot.) oleander, rose-bay; rosing (dyeing).

rosagine, n.f., (bot.) rose-bay.

rosaire, n.m., rosary.

rosat, adj., (pharm.) of roses. Miel —; honey of roses.

rosbif, n.m., (—s) roast-beef.

rose, n.f., rose; (arch.) rose-window; rose-diamond. Couleur de —; rose-colored. De —; rosy. — d’Inde; African marigold. Laurier-—, (—s-—s) rose-laurel. — gueldre; Guelder-rose. — des quatre saisons; monthly rose. — de diamants; cluster of diamonds in the form of a rose. Diamant en —; rose-cut diamond. — des vents; (nav.) compass-card. Découvrir le pot aux —s; to find out the secret. Il n’est point de — sans épines; there is no rose without a thorn.

rose, adj., rosy, pink; rose-colored.

rose, n.m., rose-color.

rosé, -e, adj., roseate, rosy.

roseau, n.m., reed, reed-cane; reed-grass. — de marais; common marsh-reed. — cultivé; evergreen reed. — odorant; sweet-flag. — des Indes; bamboo. Lieu planté de —x; reed-bank. Plein, or couvert, de —x; reedy. C’est un — peint en fer; his looks belie his firmness.

rose-croix, n.m., (—s-—) Rosicrucian.

rosée, n.f., dew; (vet.) oozing blood. — du soleil; (bot.) sun-dew. — du matin; morning-dew. Goutte de —; dew-drop.

roselet (rô-zlè), n.m., (mam.) stoat.

roselière, n.f., reed-bank, reed-field.

roselle, n.f., (orni.) redwing.

roséole, n.f., (med.) roseola, scarlet rash.

roser, v.a., to rose. Se —; to become rosy; to assume a roseate hue.

roseraie (rôz-rè), n.f., rosery, rose garden.

rosette, n.f., rosette; small rose; rose-diamond, rose; red ink; red chalk; (ich.) gray gurnard; (metal.) cake; (orni.) redwing, swine-pipe; (hat-making) tip; (paint.) rosette, roset. Diamant à —; rose-diamond.

rosier, n.m., rose-tree, rose-bush.

rosière, n.f., rose-queen; (ich.) minnow, pink.

roson, n.m. V. rosace.

rosse, n.f., jade, screw; (ich.) roach.

rosser, v.a., to belabor, to lick, to thrash, to maul, to drub, to give a drubbing to.

*rossignol, n.m., (orni.) nightingale; pipe, flute (made of bark); stop (of organ); picklock; skeleton key; (carp.) wedge; shopkeeper (old article). — d’Arcadie; jackass. — de muraille; (orni.) red-start.

*rossignoler, v.n., (fam.) to imitate the nightingale’s song.

rossinante, n.f., Rosinante (sorry horse).

rossinante, n.m., Rosinante (Don Quixote’s horse).

rossolis, n.m., rossolis (liquor); (bot.) sun-dew.

roster, v.a. V. rouster.

rostral, -e, adj., rostral.

rostre, n.m., (zoöl.) rostrum.

rostré, -e, adj., rostrate, rostrated.

rosture, n.f. V. rousture.

rot, n.m., (l.ex.) belch, eructation. Faire un —; to belch.

rôt, n.m., roast, roast meat; first course. Gros —; joint of meat. Petit —; roast of game.

rotacé, -e, adj., (bot.) rotate, rotated.

rotang, n.m. V. rotin.

rotateur, n. and adj. m., (anat.) rotator; rotatory.

rotateurs, n.m.pl., (zoöl.) rotatories.

rotation, n.f., rotation.

rotatoire, adj., rotatory.

rotatoires, n.m.pl. (ent.) rotifers, rotatories, wheel-animals, wheel-insects, wheel-animalcules.

rote, n.f., rota (court of Rome).

roter, v.n., (l.ex.) to belch.

rôti, n.m., roast, roast meat (prov.). Il ne faut pas s’endormir sur le —; we must have our wits about us, or not neglect our work.

rôtie (-tî), n.f., toast. Une —; a round of toast. — au beurre; buttered toast. — au vin; toast in wine.

rotifère, n.m., (ent.) rotifer, wheel-animal.

rotiforme, adj., (zoöl.) wheel-shaped.

rotin, n.m., (bot.) rotang; rattan, rattan-cane.

rôtir, v.a., to roast; to broil; to toast (bread); to burn, to parch. — au four; to bake. N’être bon ni à — ni à bouillir; to be fit for nothing.

se rôtir, v.r., to parch, to burn, to roast one’s self.

rôtir, v.n., to roast, to broil, to toast.

rôtissage, n.m., roasting.

rôtisserie (-ti-srî), n.f., cook-shop.

rôtisseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., cook-shop keeper. — en blanc; poulterer.

rôtissoire, n.f., roasting screen, roaster, Dutch oven.

rotonde, n.f., rotunda, back part of a diligence. En —; circular.

rotondité, n.f., rotundity, roundness; plumpness, fatness.

rotule, n.f., (anat.) patella, knee-cap.

roture, n.f., commonalty, plebeian state. Il est né dans la —; he is of ignoble birth.

roturi-er, -ère, n. and adj., commoner; plebeian, of mean birth; vulgar, mean. ☉Air —; vulgar air.

roturièrement (-rièr-mān), adv., in a plebeian manner; vulgarly.

rouage, n.m., wheelwork, wheels; machinery; (horl.) movement.

rouan, -ne, adj., (of horses) roan.

rouan, n.m., roan horse.

rouanne, n.f., brand-iron, marking-iron.

rouanner, v.a., to brand, to mark.

rouannette, n.f., (carp.). V. rainette.

rouble, n.m., rouble, ruble (Russian coin).

rouc, n.m. V. rock.

rouche, n.f., (nav.) a ship’s hull.

roucou, n.m., (bot.) and (dy.) arnotto.

roucouer, v.a., to paint with arnotto.

se roucouer, v.r., to paint one’s self with arnotto.

roucoulement (-kool-mān), n.m., cooing.

roucouler, v.n. and a., to coo (pigeons); to warble (out) or (forth).

roucouyer, n.m., (bot.) arnotto-tree.

roudou, n.m. V. redoul.

roue, n.f., wheel; paddle; (torture) wheel; (artil.) truck. — d’affût de canon; truck of a gun-carriage. — d’une horloge; clock-wheel. — à aubes or à pales; paddle-wheel. — hydraulique; water-wheel. Pousser à la —; to put one’s shoulder to the wheel, to help on. Mettre des bâtons dans les —s; to thwart, to put spokes into the wheels (of). Un paon fait la —; a peacock spreads his tail. Faire la —; to strut, to stalk, to show off, to wheel about; to tumble over and over, to do the windmill. — de compte; (horl.) notch-wheel. — dentée; toothed-wheel, — de rencontre; (horl.) balance-wheel. — de câble; (nav.) coil. — de gouvernail; steering-wheel. Mettre à la —; to rack, to put to the rack.

roué, n.m., roué; rake, profligate; trickster.

roué, -e, adj., crafty, sharp, artful; very deep; knocked up, broken down. — de coups; soundly thrashed.

rouelle, n.f., round slice, collop; (vet.) rowel. — de citron; slice of lemon. — de veau; fillet of veal.

rouennerie (rooa-n-rî), n.f., printed cotton goods; Rouen goods.

rouer, v.a., to break upon the wheel; to crush; to jade. — quelqu’un de coups; to beat any one unmercifully. Être roué de fatigue; to be jaded with fatigue. — un câble; to coil a cable.

rouerie (roo-rî), n.f., piece of knavery, sharp practice, cheat; trickery.

rouet, n.m., small wheel; spinning-wheel; purr (of a cat); (nav.) sheave. — de moulin; cog-wheel of a mill. — de tisserand; weaver’s cloth-beam. — d’arquebuse; lock of an arquebuse. Faire le —; to purr.

rouette, n.f., (tech.) osier-twig.

roue-vis, n.f., (—s-—) screw-wheel.

rouge, adj., red; blood-red; blood-shot; red-hot. Fer —; red-hot iron; (of partridges) red-legged. Boulets —s; red-hot balls. Cuivre —; copper. — trogne; (fam.) red face.

rouge, n.m., red; red paint, rouge; redness, blush; (orni.) shoveler. — vif; deep red, bright red. — brun; brownish red. — d’écarlate; scarlet. — sanguin; blood red. — de garance; madder.

rouge, adv., only used in: Se fâcher tout —; to get downright angry.

rougeâtre (-jâtr), adj., reddish.

rougeaud, -e (-jô, -d), n. and adj., red-faced person; ruddy-faced, red-faced, ruddy.

rouge-bord, n.m., (—s-—s) bumper (of red wine).

rouge-gorge, n.m., (—s-—s) (orni.) redbreast, robin redbreast.

rougeole (-jol), n.f., (med.) measles, (bot.) cow-wheat.

rouge-queue, n.m., (—s-—s) red-start, red-tail.

rouget, n.m., (ich.) gurnet, red gurnet; red surmullet; (ent.) wheal-worm. adj., reddish.

rougette, n.f., (mam.) pteropus.

rougeur, n.f., redness, blush, glow, color. pl., (med.) rosy-drop, red-spot. La — lui est montée au visage; the color came into her cheeks.

rougir, v.n., to redden, to grow red; to color, to color up, to blush, to be ashamed. — de honte; to blush with shame. — de colère; to grow red with anger. — jusqu’au blanc des yeux; to blush up to the eyes, to color up to the eyes. Faire — quelqu’un; to put any one to the blush.

rougir, v.a., to redden; to tinge with red or blood; to mix red wine with water.

roui, n.m., steeping, soaking, maceration; retting; fustiness, rancidness. Sentir le —; to have a rancid taste.

*rouille, n.f., rust, rustiness (of metals); flaw (of mirrors); (bot.) mildew, blight, blast. La — mange le fer; rust corrodes iron. Ces froments sont chargés de —; this wheat is mildewed.

*rouillé, -e, adj., rusty; blighted (of corn).

*rouiller, v.a., to rust, to make rusty; to blight; to impair.

se rouiller, v.r., to rust, to grow rusty; to get rusty, to become rusty; to rust, to be impaired.

*rouilleu-x, -se, adj., ferruginated.

*rouillure, n.f., rustiness, rust.

rouir, v.a., to steep, to soak, to macerate (hemp, flax), to ret.

rouir, v.n., to be retted.

rouissage, n.m., soaking, steeping, retting.

rouissoir, n.m., rettery.

roulade, n.f., roll, rolling; (mus.) roulade, trill, shake; (cook.) collar. Faire une — de; (cook.) to collar.

roulage, n.m., rolling; carriage (of goods); wagon-office; wagoning. — accéléré; fly-wagon. Voiture de —; goods wagon.

roulant, -e, adj., rolling; easy (of roads); (surg.) moving (of veins). Chemin —; easy way. Feu —; (milit.) running fire. Presse —e; (print.) press at work.

rouleau, n.m., roll; roller; rolling-pin; roll, twist (of tobacco); coil (of a rope); (med.) roller; (print.) roller; (tech.) sheave. — de papier; roll of paper. Plier en —; to roll up. Être au bout de son —; to be at one’s wits’ end, or at the end of one’s tether. — d’imprimeur; printer’s roller.

roulée, n.f., (pop.) thrashing, drubbing.

roulement (rool-mān), n.m., rolling, roll, rumbling; (mus.) roll; roll (of a drum); rotation; volutation. — d’yeux; rolling of the eyes. — de fonds; (com.) circulation of capital. Fonds de —; floating capital.

rouler, v.a., to roll, to roll up; to wind, to wind up; to revolve, to turn over; to pass, to pass away; (of meat) to collar; (fig.) to do for a person. — une chose dans sa tête; to turn a thing over in one’s mind. — sa vie; to pass one’s life. — carrosse; to keep a carriage. Je l’ai roulé; I did for him or I bowled him over.

se rouler, v.r., to roll one’s self, to roll, to tumble; to wallow; to wind; to fight, to have a set to.

rouler, v.n., to roll, to revolve; to tumble; to toss; to ramble, to wander, to stroll; to keep going; to succeed by rotation; to be plentiful; to turn upon (of a thing). Faire — la presse; (print.) to set the press going. — sur l’or et sur l’argent; to roll in riches. Tout roule là-dessus; all turns upon that. Ils roulent ensemble; they take their turns. Faire —; to keep going. Pierre qui roule n’amasse pas de mousse; a rolling stone gathers no moss. La conversation roula sur ce sujet; the conversation turned upon this subject.

roulet, n.m., hatter’s roller.

roulette, n.f., roller, truckle, little wheel; truckle-bed; ☉hand-chaise, Bath-chair; caster; roulette (game); (geom.) cycloid. Cela marche comme sur des —s; that is getting on swimmingly. Lit à —s; bedstead on casters. — de relieur; book-binder’s fillet.

rouleur, n.m., (ent.) vine-fretter, vine-grub, (nav.) rolling vessel.

rouleuse, n.f., caterpillar.

roulier, n.m., wagoner, carter, carrier.

roulière, n.f., wagoner’s smock.

roulis, n.m., (nav.) rolling, laboring; roll (of the waves).

rouloir, n.m., rolling-board (for candles); roller, cylinder.

roulotte, n.f., wagon.

roupie, n.f., rupee; (l.ex.) snivel. Avoir la —; to snivel.

roupieu-x, -se, adj., (l.u.) snively, sniveling.

*roupiller, v.n., (pop.) to doze, to snooze.

*roupilleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., (pop.) dozer, snoozer.

roure, n.m., (bot.) English oak.

roussâtre, adj., reddish, russet.

rousseau, n. and adj. m., (fam.) red-haired fellow; red-haired.

rousselet (roo-slè), n.m., (bot.) russet pear.

rousserolle (roo-srol), n.f., (orni.) great sedge-warbler.

roussette, n.f., (orni.) bog-rush, hedge-sparrow; (ich.) dog-fish, bounce; (mam.) pteropus.

rousseur, n.f., redness; freckle. Avoir des —s, avoir des taches de —; to be freckled.

roussi, n.m., burnt smell; burning, smell of burning; ☉Russia leather.

roussin, n.m., thick-set stallion. — d’Arcadie; ass, jackass, moke.

roussir, v.a. and n., to redden; to singe, to scorch; to dye of a rusty color, or of a fawn-color; to grow red, to turn red; to singe, to scorch. Faire —; to brown (meat, etc.).

roussissage, n.m., dyeing red.

rouster or rusturer, v.a., (nav.) to woold, to wind (ropes).

rousture or rosture, n.f., (nav.) woolding.

rout (raoot), n.m., (—) rout (assembly). V. raout.

*routailler, v.a., (hunt.) to track.

route, n.f., road, way; journey, route, direction, path, course; (nav.) track, course, way, run; riding (in a forest); track, path (of planets, comets). Grand’—, (—-—s) highway. — ordinaire; common road. — de traverse; cross road. Il est resté en —; he remained behind. Il est en —; he is on his way. Prendre la — de; to take the way to, to go in the direction of, to make for. Faire —; to travel. Faire —; (nav.) to sail. À la —! (nav.) steer the course! Porter à —; to go, or take, a straight course. Faire fausse —; to take the wrong road; (nav.) to alter the course; (fig.) to take a wrong step; to make a mistake. — estimée; (nav.) dead reckoning. Feuille de —; (milit.) route; way-bill (of public conveyances). On lui a tracé sa —; his course is marked out for him. La — de la vertu; the path of virtue.

routier (-tié), n.m., (geog.) tract chart, road book; (nav.) sailing orders, guide, pilot. Vieux —; old stager.

routi-er, -ère, adj., of roads. Carte —ère; road-map. Locomotive —; traction engine, road engine.

routine, n.f., routine, habit; rote (frequent repetition of sounds). Par —; by routine, by habit, by rote.

routiner, v.a., (l.u.) to teach by routine.

routini-er, -ère, n. and adj., person acting by routine, red-tapist; of routine, routine-like.

routoir, n.m., retting-pond; retting-pit.

rouverin (roo-vrin), adj.m., (metal.) blistered, brittle, hot, short.

rouvieux or roux-vieux, n. and adj. m. (n.p.), (vet.) mange; mangy.

rouvre, n.m., (bot.) English oak. V. roure.

rouvrir, v.a., to open again. — une plaie; to reopen a wound. Se —; to open again.

rou-x, -sse, adj., reddish, red-haired, russet; sandy, carroty. Vents —; cold dry winds. Lune —sse; April moon.

roux, n.m., reddish color; russet; (mam.) field-mouse; (cook.) brown butter sauce. — ardent; fiery red.

roux-vieux, n.m. V. rouvieux.

royal, -e (roa-yal), adj., royal, regal, kingly, kinglike.

royale (roa-yal), n.f., tuft of beard just below the underlip, chin-tuft.

royalement (roa-yal-mān), adv., royally, regally, in a kingly manner.

royalisme (roa-ya-), n.m., royalism.

royaliste (roa-ya-), n.m.f. and adj., royalist.

royaume (roa-yôm), n.m., kingdom, realm.

royauté (roa-yô-), n.f., royalty. Abdiquer la —; to abdicate the throne. Les marques de la —; the regalia.

r.p., initial letters of Révérend Père; reverend father.

rr., abbreviation of Royales, royal.

ru, n.m., channel or bed (of a small stream).

ruade, n.f., kick (of horses, etc.). pl., kicking. Détacher, or lancer, une —; to give a kick.

rubabelle or rubace, n.f., rubicel, rubicelle.

ruban, n.m., ribbon; (arch.) beading. Garniture de —s; set of ribbons. — de fil; tape. —-d’eau, (—s-—) (bot.) bur-reed, reed-grass. Canon à —; twisted gun-barrel. —s de la glotte, —s vocaux; (anat.) vocal cords. — de soie; silk ribbon. — de velours; velvet ribbon.

rubané, -e, part., (zoöl.) striped; flattened, ribbon-like. Canon —; twisted gun-barrel.

rubaner, v.a., to trim with ribbons; to arrange flax and hemp fibers; to divide wax into bandelets; to twist a band of iron to turn it into gun-barrels.

rubanerie (-ba-n-rî), n.f., ribbon-weaving; ribbon-trade.

rubani-er, -ère, adj., ribbon. Industrie —ère; ribbon-manufacture, ribbon trade.

rubanier, n.m., ribbon-weaver; (bot.) burweed.

rubanière, n.f., ribbon-weaver.

rubarbe, n.f. V. rhubarbe.

rubasse, n.f., (min.) colored quartz.

rubéfaction, n.f., (med.) rubefaction.

rubéfiant, -e, adj., (med.) rubefacient.

rubéfiant, n.m., (med.) rubefacient.

rubéfier, v.a., or se —, v.r., (med.) to rubify.

☉rubeline, n.f. V. rouge-gorge.

rubéole, n.f., (bot.) cross-wort.

rubescent, -e, adj., rubescent.

rubiacé, -e, adj., red-colored.

rubiacées, n.f.pl., plants of the madder family.

rubican, n.m. and adj., rubican color; rubican.

rubicon, n.m., Rubicon. Passer le —; to take a desperate step.

rubicond, -e, adj., rubicund; bloated; blowzy.

rubification, n.f., rubification.

rubigineu-x, -se, adj., rubiginous.

☉rubine, n.f., (chem.) ruby. — d’argent; red-silver, ruby-silver. — d’arsenic; realgar.

rubis, n.m., ruby; red pimple, grog-blossom. Faire — sur l’ongle; to drink to the last drop. Payer — sur l’ongle; to pay to the last farthing. Monté sur —; jeweled.

rubricaire, n.m., rubrician, rubricist.

rubricateur, n.m., artist who illuminated manuscripts in the Middle Ages.

rubrique, n.f., method, rule, practice; head; title; trick; ruddle, red chalk. pl., (canon law) rubric. Sous la — de; under the head of.

ruche, n.f., hive; swarm; (needlework) quilling, frilling, ruche. — d’abeilles; bee-hive. Châtrer une —; to cut away the wax and honey from a hive.

ruché, -e, adj., quilted. n.m., frilling.

ruchée, n.f., hive-full.

rucher, n.m., stand for bees; apiary.

rucher, v.a., (needlework) to quilt, to frill.

rudâni-er, -ère, adj., (l.u.) surly, churlish, uncouth.

rude, adj., harsh, rough, rugged, steep, uneven; sharp, rude, hard; disagreeable; grating, violent, fierce; severe, bitter; rigid, strict; formidable; uncouth, unpolished; impetuous, boisterous; troublesome, difficult. Avoir la peau —; to have a rough skin. Une — épreuve; a severe trial. Chemin —; rugged road. Avoir la voix —; to have a harsh voice. Des manières —s; rough, coarse, uncouth manners. Un — assaut; a fierce assault. Les temps sont —s; times are hard. Des paroles —s; harsh words.

rudement (ru-dmān), adv., roughly, ruggedly, harshly, sharply, severely, strictly; tumultuously, violently, impetuously, rudely. Traiter —; to treat roughly. Aller — en besogne; to work with a vengeance.

rudenté, -e, adj., (arch.) cabled (of columns).

rudenture, n.f., (arch.) cabling, rudenture.

rudesse, n.f., harshness; roughness; ruggedness; severity; tumultuousness; fierceness, violence; austerity, strictness; troublesomeness; rude thing, coarse thing; rudeness.

rudiment, n.m., rudiment.

rudimentaire, adj., rudimental, elementary, rudimentary.

rudoyer, v.a., to use roughly, harshly; to speak harshly to; to bully; to ill-treat (a horse).

rue, n.f., street; (bot.) rue. — passante; much frequented street. Courir les —s; to run about the streets; (fig.) to be in everybody’s mouth (of news); to be common (of a thing). — de traverse; cross-street. — écartée; back street. Il est fou à courir les —s; he is stark, staring mad. Les —s en sont pavées; (prov.) it is as common as dust. Être vieux comme les —s; to be as old as the hills. — de chèvre; goat’s-rue.

ruelle, n.f., lane, alley, by-street; bed-side, wall-side; (fig.) lady’s alcove; private circle; literary coterie. Les belles —s de Paris; the best drawing-rooms in the town.

rueller, v.a., to mold (vines).

ruer, v.a., (l.u.) to fling, to hurl, to cast; to throw. — de grands coups; to deal heavy blows.

se ruer, v.r., to throw one’s self; to rush upon.

ruer, v.n., to kick (of horses, etc.).

rueu-r, -se, n. and adj., (man.) kicker; given to kicking.

rugine, n.f., (surg.) rugine, scalp; (dentist’s) tooth-scaler.

ruginer, v.a., (surg.) to scalp.

rugir, v.n., to roar, to yell.

rugissant, -e, adj., roaring.

rugissement (-jis-mān), n.m., roaring, roar.

rugosité, n.f., rugosity, roughness, unevenness; wrinkle.

rugueu-x, -se (-gheû, -z), adj., rugose, rough, uneven; wrinkled.

ruilée, n.f., (arch.) verge.

ruine, n.f., ruin, decay; overthrow, destruction, downfall; desolation. Tomber en —s; to fall to, to crumble to, ruins. Tomber en —; to run to ruin. Courir à sa —; to go to one’s ruin; to go to wrack and ruin. Cet édifice menace —; this building is falling to ruins. Sortir de ses —s; to rise from its ruins (of towns, etc.). Battre en —; (milit.) to batter down.

ruiné, -e, adj., ruined. Son crédit est —; his crédit is gone. Un tempérament —; a worn-out constitution.

ruiner, v.a., to ruin, to lay waste; to spoil; to undo, to overthrow, to destroy. — un cheval; to spoil a horse.

se ruiner, v.r., to decay; to fall into decay; to ruin one’s self; to be ruined, spoilt.

ruineu-x, -se, adj., falling to ruin; ruinous.

ruinure, n.f., (carp.) bearing.

ruisseau, n.m., brook, stream, rivulet; gutter, street kennel. Petit —; rivulet, brook, streamlet, rill.

ruisselant, -e (rui-slān, -t), adj., streaming, running down, dripping.

ruisseler (rui-slé), v.n., to gush, to stream; to trickle, to trickle down, to run down.

☉ruisselet (rui-slè), n.m., rivulet, brooklet.

rum, n.m. V. rhum.

rumb (romb), n.m., (nav.) rhumb, rhomb.

rumen (-mè-n), n.m., rumen, paunch.

rumeur, n.f., rumor, report; clamor, uproar, noise.

ruminant, -e, adj., ruminant, ruminating.

ruminant, n.m., (mam.) ruminant.

rumination, n.f., rumination, chewing the cud.

ruminer, v.n., to ruminate, to chew the cud; (fig.) to muse on, to ponder over, to think over.

ruminer, v.a., to ruminate; to think over, to muse over. Que ruminez-vous là? what are you thinking about or turning over in your mind?

runes, n.f.pl., runes, runic characters.

runique, adj., runic.

rupture, n.f., breaking, rupture, breaking off; (fig.) complete separation (between two persons); bursting; (med.) rupture, hernia; fracture; (paint.) mixing of colors. La — d’un os; the fracture of a bone. La — d’un tendon; the rupture of a sinew. La — d’un mariage; the breaking off of a match. En — de ban; escaped from banishment. Ils en sont venus à une —; all is at end between them.

rural, -e, adj., rural.

ruse, n.f., artifice, wile, deceit, craft, ruse, cunning, trick; (hunt.) double. User de —s; to practice deceit. — de guerre; stratagem of war.

rusé, -e, adj., artful, deceitful, cunning, crafty, sly, subtle, designing. Un — matois; a knowing card. Avoir l’air —; to look cunning.

ruser, v.n., to use deceit, craft, guile, artifice, cunning; (hunt.) to double.

russe, n.m.f. and adj., Russian.

rustaud, -e, adj., (fam.) boorish, rustic, coarse, uncouth.

rustaud, n.m., (fam.) rustic; clod-hopper.

rustaudement (-tô-dmān), adv., (fam.). V. rustiquement.

rustauderie (-tô-drî), n.f. (fam.). V. rusticité.

rusticité, n.f., rusticity, clownishness, churlishness, uncouthness.

rustique, adj., rural, rustic, country; artless, boorish. Vie —; country life. Manières —s; rustic manners. Langage —; boorish language.

rustique, n.m., (arch.) rustic order.

rustiquement (-tik-mān), adv., rustically, rudely, clownishly, boorishly, uncouthly.

rustiquer, v.a., (arch.) to rough-cast, to jag out.

rustre, n.m. and adj., boor, clown, churl, clodhopper; boorish, clownish, rude.

rusturer, v.a. V. rouster.

rut (rut), n.m., rut (of deer). Être en —; to rut.

rutabaga, n.m., (agri.) Swedish turnip, rutabaga.

rutilant, -e, adj., rutilant, shining, brilliant.

rutiler, v.n., to shine, to rutilate.

rutoir, n.m., (manu.) retting-pit; retting-pond.

ryott, n.m., ryot (in India).

rythme, n.m., rhythm.

rythmique, adj., rhythmical.