CHAPTER XIII
THE TEMPER OF THE TIMES
SECTION 1. Tolerance and Intolerance
Lord Acton: The History of Freedom. 1907. "The Protestant Theory of
Persecution," pp. 150-187. (Essay written in 1862).
T. Ruffini: Religious Liberty, translated by J. P. Heyes. 1912.
N. Paulus: Protestantismus und Toleranz. 1912.
G. L. Burr: "Anent the Middle Ages." American Historical Review. 1913, pp. 710-726.
P. Wappler: Die Stellung Kursachsens und Philipps von Hessen zur
Täuferbewegung. 1910.
Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics, ix, s. v. "Persecution."
S. Castellion: Traité des Hérétiques. A savoir, si on les doit persécuter. Ed. A. Olivet. Genève. 1913.
P. Wappler: Inquisition und Ketzerprozess zu Zwickau. 1908.
J. A. Faulkner: "Luther and Toleration," Papers of American Church
History Society, Second Series, vol. iv, pp. 129 ff. 1914.
K. Völker: Toleranz und Intoleranz im Zeitalter der Reformation. 1912.
W. E. H. Lecky: A History of the Rise and Influence of the Spirit of Rationalism in Europe. 2 vols. 1865. chapter iv, "Persecution" (in vols. 1 and 2 both).
Erasmi opera, 1703, ix, 904 ff. Proposition iii.
H. Hermelinck: Der Toleranzgedanke. 1908.
The Workes of Sir Thomas More, 1557, pp. 274 ff. (A Dialogue of Sir Thomas More, 1528).
Montaigne: Essays, Book ii, no. xix.
A. J. Klein: Intolerance in the Reign of Elizabeth. 1917.
R. Lewin: Luther's Stellung zu den Juden. 1911.
R. H. Murray: Erasmus and Luther: their attitude to Toleration. 1920.
SECTION 2. Witchcraft
Papers of the American Historical Association, iv, pp. 237-66. Bibliography of witchcraft by G. L. Burr.
N. Paulus: Hexenwahn und Hexenprozess, vornehmlich im 16. Jahrhundert. 1910.
G. L. Burr: The Witch Persecutions. Translations and Reprints issued by the University of Pennsylvania, vol. 3, no. 4, 1897.
G. L. Burr: The Fate of Dietrich Flade. 1891.
J. Hansen: Zauberwahn, Inquisition und Hexenprozess im Mittelalter, und die Entstehung der grossen Hexenverfolgung. 1900.
F. von Bezold: "Jean Bodin als Okkultist und seine Demonomanie." Historische Zeitschrift, cv. 1 ff. (1910).
Gosson: The School of Abuse (1578), ed. E. Arber, 1906, p. 60.
De Praestigiis demonum . . . authore Joanne Wiero . . . 1564.
Johannis Wieri: De lamiis. 1582.
Reginald Scott: The Discoverie of Witchcraft, wherein the Lewde dealing of Witches and Witchmongers is notably detected . . . whereunto is added a Treatise upon the Nature and Substance of Spirits and Devils. 1584. Reprinted by B. Nicholson, 1886.
W. Notestein: A History of Witchcraft in England 1558-1718. 1911.
W. E. H. Lecky: A History of the Rise and Influence of the Spirit of
Rationalism in Europe. 2 vols. 1865. Vol. 1, chaps. i, and ii.
Montaigne: Essays, vol. iii, no. xi.
H. C. Lea: A History of the Inquisition in the Middle Ages. Vol. iii, 392 ff.
G. L. Kittredge: "A Case of Witchcraft," American Historical Review, xxiii, pp. 1 ff, 1917.
C. Mirbt: Quellen zur Geschichte des Papsttums und des römischen
Katholizismus.[3] 1911. p. 182. (Bull, Summis desiderantes).
G. Roskoff: Geschichte des Teufels. 1869.
A. Graf: Il diavolo. 1889.
H. C. Lea: The Inquisition in Spain, 1907, vol. iv, chaps. 8 and 9.
Statutes of the Realm, 5 Eliz. 16: An Act agaynst Inchantmentes and Witchcraftes. (1562-3).
T. de Cauzons: La Magie et la Sorcellerie en France. 4 vols. (1911).
E. Klinger: Luther und der deutsche Volksaberglaube. 1912.
(Palaestra, vol. 56).
SECTION 3. Education
Album Academiae Vitebergensis 1502-1602, Band I, ed. K. E. Förstemann, 1841. Band ii, 1895. Band iii Indices, 1905. (Reprint of vol. i, 1906).
J. C. H. Weissenborn: Akten der Erfurter Universität. 3 vols. 1884.
G. Buchanan: "Anent the Reformation of the University of St. Andros," in Buchanan's Vernacular Writings, ed. P. Hume Brown, 1892.
The Statutes of the Faculty of Arts and of the Faculty of Theology at the Period of the Reformation, of St. Andrews' University, ed. R. K. Hannay, 1910.
K. Hartfelder: Melancthoniana paedogogica. 1895.
F. V. N. Painter: Luther on Education, including a historical introduction and a translation of the Reformer's two most important educational treatises. 1889.
Mandament der Keyserlijcker Maiesteit, vuytghegeven int Jaer xlvi. Louvain. 1546. (100 facsimiles printed for A. M. Huntington at the De Vinne Press, N. Y., 1896. Contains lists of books allowed in schools in the Netherlands).
C. Borgeaud: Histoire de l' Université de Genève. 2 vols. 1900, 1909.
J. M. Höfer: Die Stellung des Des. Erasmus und J. L. Vives zur
Pädagogik des Quintilian. (Erlangen Dissertation). 1910.
F. Watson: Vives and the Renascence education of Women. 1912.
P. Monroe: Cyclopedia of education. 5 vols. 1912-3.
K. A. Schmid: Geschichte der Erziehung vom Anfang bis auf unserer
Zeit. 5 vols. in 7. 1884-1902. (Standard).
A. Zimmermann: Die Universitäten Englands im 16. Jahrhundert. 1889.
A. Zimmermann: England's "öffentliche Schulen" von der Reformation bis zur Gegenwart, 1892 (Stimmen aus Maria-Lach. vol. 56).
F. P. Graves: A History of Education during the Middle Ages and the
Transition to Modern Times. 1910.
"Die Frequenz der deutschen Universitäten in früherer Zeit," Deutsches
Wochenblatt, 1897, pp. 391 ff.
P. Monroe: A Text-Book of the History of Education. 1905. (Standard text-book).
W. S. Monroe: A Bibliography of Education. 1897.
G. Mertz: Das Schulwesen der deutschen Reformation. 1902.
F. Paulsen: Geschichte des gelehrten Unterrichts in Deutschland.[2] 2 vols. 1896-7.
W. Sohm: Die Schule Johann Sturms. 1912.
J. Ficker: Die Anfänge der akademischen Studien in Strassburg. 1912.
Shakespeare's England, 1916. 2 vols. ch. 8 "Education" by Sir J. E. Sandys.
A. Roersch: L' Humanisme belge à l' époque de la Renaissance. 1910.
Sir T. Elyot: The boke named the governour. 1531. (New edition by
H. H. S. Croft. 2 vols. 1880).
Melanchthonis opera omnia, xi, 12 ff. "Declamatio de corrigendis adolescentiae studies." (1518).
E. Ascham: The Schole Master. 1571. (I use the reprint in the
English Works of R. Ascham, ed. J. Bennet, 1761).
M. Fournier: Les Statuts et Privilèges des Universités françaises depuis leur fondation jusqu'en 1789. 4 vols. 1890-4.
F. Bacon: The Advancement of Learning, Book ii.
Elizabethan Oxford: reprints of rare tracts ed. by C. Plumer. 1887.
Grace book [Greek delta] containing records of the University of Cambridge 1542-89, ed. by J. Venn. 1910.
Registres des procès-verbaux de la Faculté de théologie de Paris, pub. par A. Clerval. Tome I. 1917. (1505-23).
J. H. Lupton: A Life of John Colet. new ed. 1909. (First printed 1887. On St. Paul's School, pp. 169, 271 ff.)
W. H. Woodward: Des. Erasmus concerning the Aim and Method of
Education. 1904. (Fine work).
F. P. Graves: Peter Ramus and the Educational Reformation of the 16th
Century. 1912.
Encyclopaedia Britannica, articles "Universities" and "Schools."
Altamira y Crevea: Historia de España,[3] iii, 532 ff. (1913).
F. Gribble: The Romance of the Cambridge Colleges. (1913).
J. B. Mullinger: A History of the University of Cambridge. 1888.
G. C. Brodrick: A History of the University of Oxford. 1886.
C. Headlam: The Story of Oxford. 1907.
W. H. Woodward: Studies in Education during the Age of the
Renaissance 1400-1600.
A. Bonilla y San Martin: Luis Vives y la filosofía del renacimiento. 1903.
A. Lefranc: Histoire du Collège de France depuis ses origines jusqu' à la fin du premier empire. 1893.
P. Feret: La Faculté de Théologie de Paris. Époque Moderne. 7 vols. 1900-10.
W. Friedensburg: Geschichte der Universität Wittenberg. 1918.
SECTION 4. Art
Very fine reproductions of the works of the principal painters of the time are published in separate volumes of the series, Klassiker der Kunst in Gesamtausgaben, Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart und Leipzig. A brief list of standard criticisms of art, many of them well illustrated, follows:
K. Woermann: Geschichte der Kunst aller Zeiten und Völker. Band 4.[2] 1919.
S. Reinach: Apollo.[4] 1907. (Also English translation.
Marvelously compressed and sound criticism).
J. A. Symonds: The Italian Renaissance. The Fine Arts. 1888.
L. Pastor: History of the Popes. (Much on art at Rome, passim).
B. Berenson: North Italian Painters of the Renaissance. 1907.
B. Berenson: Central Italian Painters of the Renaissance. 1897.
B. Berenson: The Venetian Painters of the Renaissance.[3] 1902.
B. Berenson: The Florentine Painters of the Renaissance.[2] 1903.
Giorgio Vasari: Lives of the Most Eminent Painters, Sculptors and
Architects, newly translated by G. du C. de Vere. 10 vols. 1912-14.
(Other editions).
E. Lanciani: The Golden Days of the Renaissance in Rome. 1907.
E. Müntz: Histoire de l' art pendant la Renaissance. 3 vols. 1889-95.
J. Crowe and G. Cavalcaselle: History of Italian Painting. 1903 ff.
L. Dimier: French Painting in the Sixteenth Century. 1904.
L. F. Freeman: Italian Sculptors of the Renaissance. 1902.
H. Janitschek: Geschichte der deutschen Malerei. 1890.
H. A. Dickenson: German Masters of Art. 1914.
E. Bertaux: Rome de l' avènement de Jules II à nos jours.[2] 1908.
M. Reymond: L' Education de Léonard. 1910.
W. Pater: "Leonardo da Vinci," in the volume called The Renaissance, 1878. (Though much attacked this is, in my opinion, the best criticism of Leonardo).
S. Freud: Leonardo da Vinci. 1910.
W. von Seidlitz: Leonardo da Vinci. 2 vols. 1909. (Excellent).
Osvald Sirén: Leonardo da Vinci. 1916.
Leonardo da Vinci: A treatise on painting, translated from the
Italian by J. F. Rigaud. London. 1897.
C. J. Holmes: Leonardo da Vinci. Proceedings of the British
Academy. 1919.
E. Müntz: Raphael, sa vie, son oeuvre et son temps. 1881.
W. Pater: "Raphael," in Miscellaneous Studies, 1913. (First written 1892: fine criticism).
Edward McCurdy: Raphael Santi. 1917.
H. Grimm: Life of Michael Angelo, tr. by F. E. Bunnètt. 2 vols. New ed. 1906.
Crowe and Cavalcasselle: Life and Times of Titian. 1877.
H. Thode: Michelangelo und das Ende der Renaissance. 5 vols. 1902-13.
L. Dorez: "Nouvelles recherches sur Michel-Ange et son entourage," Bibliothèque de l' École des Chartes. Vol. 77, pp. 448 ff. (1916), vol. 78, pp. 179 ff. (1917).
Romain Roland: Vie de Michel-Ange.[4] 1913.
The Sonnets of Michael Angela Buonarroti, translated into English by J. A. Symonds. (My copy, Venice, has no date).
R. W. Emerson: Essay on Michaelangelo.
A. Dürer's Schriftliche Nachlass, ed. E. Heidrich. 1908.
M. Thausing: A. Dürer.[2] 1876. (English translation from 1st ed. by F. A. Eaton. 1882).
Albrecht Dürers Niederländische Reise, hg. van J. Veth und S. Müller. 2 vols. 1918.
A. B. Chamberlain: Hans Holbein the Younger. 2 vols. 1913.
A. Michel: Histoire de l'art depuis les premiers temps chrétiens jusqu' à nos jours. 3 vols. 1905-8.
C. H. Moore: The Character of Renaissance Architecture. 1905.
R. Bloomfield: A History of French Architecture from the Reign of
Charles VIII till the death of Mazarin. 2 vols. 1911.
SECTION 5. Belles Lettres
Note: The works of the humanists, theologians, biblical and classical scholars, historians, publicists and philosophers have been dealt with in other sections of this bibliography. Representative poets, dramatists and writers of fiction for the century (up to but not including the Age of Shakespeare in England or of Henry IV in France) are the following:
Italian: Ariosto, A. F. Grazzini, M. Bandello, T. Tasso, Berni, Guarini.
French: Margaret of Navarre, C. Marot, Rabelais, Joachim du Bellay,
Ronsard, Montaigne.
English: Lyndesay, Skelton, Wyatt, Surrey, anonymous poets in Tottel's
Miscellany, Sidney, E. Spenser, Donne, Lyly, Heywood, Kyd, Peele,
Greene, Lodge, Nash, Marlowe.
German: Hans Sachs, Fischart, T. Murner, anonymous Till Eulenspiegel and Faustbuch, B. Waldis.
Spanish: The Picaresque novel, La vida de Lazarillo de Tormes y de sus fortunas y adversidades.
Portuguese: Camoens.
As it is not my purpose to give even a sketch of literary history, but merely to illustrate the temper of the times from the contemporary belles lettres, only a few suggestive works of criticism can be mentioned here.
H. Hallam: Introduction to the Literature of Europe in the 15th, 16th and 17th Centuries. 1838-9. (Old, but still useful).
J. A. Symonds: Italian Literature. 1888.
G. Lanson: Histoire de la littérature française.[9] 1906.
C. H. C. Wright: A History of French Literature. 1912.
C. Thomas: A History of German Literature. 1909.
E. Wolff: Faust und Luther. 1912.
The Cambridge History of English Literature, vol. iii, Renaissance and Reformation. 1908.
J. J. Jusserand: Histoire Littéraire du Peuple Anglais. Tome ii, De la Renaissance à la Guerre Civile. 1904. (Also English translation: a beautiful work).
Winifred Smith: The Commedia dell' Arte. 1912. (Notable).
A. Tilley: The Literature of the French Renaissance. 2 vols. 1904.