[303] The Iberians were originally called Tibarenes, or Tibari. They dwelt on the east of the Black Sea, and west of Colchis, whence they emigrated to Spain. This nation is called Tubal in the Hebrew Bible; in Isa. lxvi. 19 the Iberians of western Europe are referred to.
[304] An island near Cadiz, now called Leon. Cf. Hesiod (Theogonia, 287-294); Herodotus, iv. 8.
[305] Now called Arta.
[306] Arrian omits to mention that the Tyrians pointed out to him that his wish to sacrifice to Hercules might be gratified without entering their city, since at Palaetyrus, on the mainland, separated from Tyre only by a narrow strait, was a temple of that deity more ancient than that in Tyre. See Curtius, iv. 7; Justin, xi. 10. We learn from Arrian, i. 18, that when Alexander offered sacrifice to the Ephesian Diana he marched to the temple with his whole army in battle array. No doubt it was this kind of thing the Tyrians objected to. Alexander actually did the same at Tyre after its capture. (See chapter 24.)
[307] For this use of ἐνύπνιον, cf. Homer (Iliad, ii. 56); Aristophanes (Wasps, 1218).
[308] Cf. Arrian, i. 11 and 25 supra.
[309] The island was about half a mile from the mainland, and about a mile in length.
[310] We learn from Diodorus (xvii. 40) that the breadth of this mole was about 200 feet.
[311] Curtius (iv. 10) says that the timber was procured from Lebanon, and the stones from Old Tyre on the mainland.
[312] Cf. Polyaenus (iv. 3).