21. ORTHOCÁRPUS, Nutt.
Corolla with the upper lip (galea) little longer and usually much narrower than the inflated 1–3-saccate lower one. Otherwise nearly as Castilleia. (Name from ὀρθός, upright, and καρπός, fruit.)
1. O. lùteus, Nutt. Annual, pubescent and hirsute, sometimes viscid, erect, 1° high; leaves linear to lanceolate, occasionally 3-cleft; spike dense; bracts broader, mostly 3-cleft, about equalling the flowers, not colored; corolla golden-yellow, not 6´´ long, 2–3 times as long as the calyx.—Plains, N. Minn. to Col., and westward.
22. SCHWÁLBEA, Gronov. Chaff-seed.
Calyx oblique, tubular, 10–12-ribbed, 5-toothed; the posterior tooth much the smaller, the 2 anterior united higher than the others. Upper lip of the corolla arched, oblong, entire; the lower little shorter, erect, 2-plaited, with 3 very short and broad obtuse lobes. Stamens 4, included in the upper lip; anther-cells equal and parallel. Capsule ovate, many-seeded. Seeds linear, with a loose chaff-like coat.—A perennial minutely pubescent upright herb (1–2° high), with leafy simple stems, terminated by a loose spike of rather large dull purplish-yellow flowers; leaves alternate, sessile, 3-nerved, entire, ovate or oblong, the upper gradually reduced to narrow bracts; pedicels very short, with 2 bractlets under the calyx. (Dedicated to C. G. Schwalbe, an obscure German botanist.)
1. S. Americàna, L.—Wet sandy soil, Mass. to La., near the coast. May–July.
23. EUPHRÀSIA, Tourn. Eyebright.
Calyx tubular or bell-shaped, 4-cleft. Upper lip of the corolla erect, scarcely arched, 2-lobed, and the sides folded back; lower lip spreading, 3-cleft, the lobes obtuse or notched. Stamens 4, under the upper lip; anther-cells equal, pointed at the base. Capsule oblong, flattened. Seeds numerous.—Herbs, with branching stems, and opposite toothed or cut leaves. Flowers, small, spiked. (Name εὐθρασία, cheerfulness, in allusion to its reputed medicinal properties.)
1. E. officinàlis, L. Low annual; leaves ovate or lanceolate, the lowest crenate, the floral bristly-toothed; lobes of the lower lip of the (whitish, yellowish, or bluish) corolla notched.—Coast of Maine and Lower Canada; perhaps introduced from Eu.—Var. Tatárica, Benth., a low form with small flowers (2–3´´ long), and mostly rounded leaves.—Alpine region of N. H., shore of L. Superior, and far northward.
24. BÁRTSIA, L.