The Fundamentals of Bacteriology

by Charles Bradfield Morrey

• [P]
• Pancreas, [248]
• Papillate, [221]
• Paget, [27], [34]
• Paraffin oil, [190]
• Parasite, [87]
  • facultative, [87]
  • strict, [87]
• Parodko, [77]
• Partial agglutinin, [267]
  • amboceptor, [274]
• Passive immunity, [251], [252]
• Pasteur, [17], [21], [29], [30], [31], [32], [35], [253], [256], [283]
  • flask, [21], [23], [24], [193]
  • treatment of rabies, [253]
• Pasteur-Chamberland filter, [154]
• Pasteurization, [139–147]
  • continuous, [141]
  • flash process, [145]
• Pathogenic, [87]
  • bacteria, definition of, [231]
    • outside the body, [237]
  • bacteriology, scope of, [235]
  • organisms, destroyed by boiling, [133]
    • elimination of, [248]
    • entrance of, [243–247]
• Paths of elimination, [248]
  • of entrance, [243–247]
• Peacock, [26]
• Pebrine, [29], [35]
• Pedesis, [47]
• Peptone solution, Dunham’s, [177]
• Period of incubation, [26], [232]
• Peritonitis, [234]
• Peritrichic, [46]
• Peronospora infestans, [28], [34]
• Perty, [33], [35]
• Pet animals, [241]
• Petri dishes, [181], [188]
• Petroleum, [95]
• Pfeiffer, [271]
• Pfeiffer’s phenomenon, [271]
• Pfeifferella mallei, [65], [69], [265]
• Phagocytes, [247]
• Phagocytic index, [281]
• Phagocytosis, [243], [280–288], [295]
  • theory, [256]
• Pharynx, [245]
• Phase, negative, [287]
  • positive, [287]
• Phenol coefficient, [165], [166]
  • as disinfectant, [159]
  • production of, [104], [111]
• Phenolphthalein, [174]
• Phenomenon, anaphylactic, [292]
  • Arthus’, [289]
  • Pfeiffer’s, [271]
• Phosphate reduction, [114]
  • rock, [115]
• Phosphorescence, [111]
• Phosphorus cycle, [108]
  • in proteins, [105]
  • uses of, [89]
• Photogenesis, [111]
• Physical agents for disinfection, [131–155]
• Physiological activities, [93–129]
  • definition of, [87]
  • in identification, [216]
• Physiology of bacteria, [71–171]
• Phytotoxins, [127], [128]
• Pickling, [98]
• Pigeons, [227]
• Pigments, [84], [112], [113]
• Pimples, [234], [240], [243]
• Pinoy, [284]
• Pipettes for inoculation, [193]
• Piroplasma bigeminum, [233], [242], [249]
• Piroplasmoses, [242], [249]
• Pirquet, von, [289]
• Pityriasis versicolor, [28], [34]
• Plague, [246]
• Planes of division, [56], [57]
• Planococcus, [62]
• Planosarcina, [62]
• Plants and animals, [39]
• Plasmodiophora brassicæ,
• [30], [36]
• Plasmolysis, [41], [42], [78]
• Plasmoptysis, [42], [78]
  • cultures, [180], [188], [191]
• Plate colonies, study of, [224–226]
  • gelatin first used, [30], [36]
• Plates, dilution, [194], [195]
• Platinum needles, [193]
• Plectridium, [49]
• Plenciz, [26], [31]
• Plugs, cotton, [21], [184]
• Pneumococcus, [240], [245]
  • vaccination against, [241]
• Pneumonia, [240], [245], [246], [248]
  • food, [87], [104], [238]
  • ice cream, [104]
  • meat, [104]
• Poisoning, cheese, [104]
  • granules, [45]
• Polar germination, [48], [49]
• Poliomyelitis, [244]
• Pollender, [28], [35]
• Polysaccharides, fermentation of, [95]
• Polyvalent vaccine, [285]
• Pork, measly, [28]
  • of flagella, [45], [46]
  • of spore, [49]
• Position of bacteria, [37]
  • test, [278]
• Positive phase, [287]
• Postulates, Koch’s, [233]
  • glycerinized, [182]
  • media, [180–182]
  • rot, [28], [34]
• Potato, acidity of, [182]
• Power, opsonic, [287]
• Practical sterilization and disinfection, [166–170]
• Pragmidiothrix, [63]
• Precipitinogen, [269]
• Precipitinoid, [270]
  • anti-, [270]
• Precipitins, [268–270]
  • of bacterial vaccines, [283], [284]
  • of film, [207]
• Preparation of antitoxin, [263]
• Preservation of slides, [207], [208]
  • in vaccine, [284]
• Preservative, alcohol as, [160]
  • osmotic, [78], [149]
  • oxygen, [76], [77]
  • steam, [136]
  • sterilization, [136–139]
• Pressure, hydrostatic, [79]
• Prevention of disease, [235], [236], [253], [255], [283]
  • • pneumonia, [241]
    • rabies, [253]
    • smallpox, [26], [34], [253]
  • vaccines, autogenous, [285]
    • stock, [285]
• Preventive vaccination, colds, [241]
• Prevost, [26]
• Primary infection, [234]
• Process kettle, [137]
• Pro-enzyme, [121]
• Prophylaxis, [289]
• Protamine in bacteria, [84]
• Protease, [124]
• Protective inoculation, first, [30]
  • coagulation temperature, [51]
  • composition of, [102]
  • decomposition of, [105]
  • differentiation of, [255]
  • foreign, [289]
  • identification of, [293]
  • immunity, [290]
  • putrefaction of, [102–109]
  • split products of, [291]
  • splitting of, [106]
  • structure of, [291]
  • synthesis of, [113]
• Protein in bacteria, [84]
• Proteus vulgaris, [67], [70], [77]
• Protoautotrophic, [115]
• Protoplasm, [41], [59]
• Prototrophic, [86]
  • cell wall in, [41]
  • in intermediate hosts, [242]
  • relation to bacteria, [40]
  • specificity of localization, [249]
• Protozoa, cause of disease, [30]
• Protozoal diseases, transmission of, [242]
• Pseudomonadaceæ, [65], [70]
• Pseudomonas pyocyanea, [62], [65], [70], [128], [265]
• Ptomaines, [103], [104]
• Puccinia graminis, [26], [34]
• Puerperal fever, [28], [34]
• Punctiform colonies, [223]
• Puncture cultures, [185]
• Pure culture, [171], [194–199]
  • of water, [150]
• Purification of streams, [73]
• Purin bases in bacteria, [84]
  • infectious, [26]
  • organisms in, [35]
• Pus cocci, [73]
  • definition of, [102]
  • of proteins, [102–109]
    • end products of, [103]
    • in soil, [106]
• Putrefaction, [27], [31], [33]
• Putrescin, [104]

• [Q]
• Quarantine, [239]
  • disinfection, [170]
• Quicklime as a disinfectant, [155], [158]
• Quinsy, [245]

• [R]
• Rabbits, [227]
• Rabies, bacteriological examination in, [229]
  • Pasteur treatment of, [253]
  • path of elimination in, [248]
  • transmission of, [239]
  • specificity of localization in, [249]
• Räbiger’s method of staining, [210]
• Radiations, [79]
• Radium, [79]
• Rancidity of butter, [101]
• Rashes, serum, [289]
  • urticarial, [292]
• Rate of division, [43], [91]
  • of movement, [45]
• Rats, [227], [241]
• Rayer, [28], [35]
• Reaction of medium, [81], [174], [175], [216]
• Reactions, biochemical, [87]
  • immunity, [255], [269], [279], [292], [293]
  • surface, [91]
• Reaumur, [33]
• Receptors, [257], [258], [259], [261–280]
  • as factors in immunity, [295]
  • of first order, [262]
  • free, [259], [261], [262]
  • of second order, [265]
  • tabulation of, [294]
  • of third order, [273]
• Recurrent fever, [29], [35]
• Red corpuscles, [249], [278], [279]
• Redi, [19]
• Reducing actions, [112], [113]
  • enzymes, [125]
• Refrigeration as antiseptic, [148]
• Reinke, [80]
• Relapses, [235]
• Relationships of bacteria, [37–40]
  • biological, [255], [270]
• Rennet, [124]
• Renucci, [27], [34]
• Reproduction, [37], [63], [90]
• Resistance to disease, [241], [250]
  • of spores, [50]
• Respiratory function, [88]
  • tract, [246]
• Retarders, [143]
• Rheumatism, [245]
• Rhizobium leguminosarum, [65], [68], [69], [118]
• Rhizoid colonies, [222], [223]
• Rhizopus nigricans, [226]
• Rhodobacteriaceæ, [63]
• Rhodococcus, [66], [69]
• Richet, [289]
• Ricin, [262]
• Rideal, [165]
• Rideal-Walker method, [165]
• Rimpau, [281]
• Rindfleisch, [29], [35]
• Ringworm, [28]
• Ripening of cheese, [32]
  • of cream, [97]
• Robin, [262]
• Rock, phosphate, [115]
• Rocky Mountain spotted fever, [242]
• Rogers, [265]
• Röntgen rays, [79]
• Room temperature, [213]
• Rooms, disinfection of, [167]
  • incubator, [213]
• Root tubercle bacteria, [86], [87], [108]
  • tubercles, [117]
• Rosenau, [289]
• Rot, potato, [28], [34]
• Round worm, [232]
• Roup, [244]
• Roux, [30]
• Rubbing as inoculation, [195]
• Rust, grain, [26], [34]
• Ruzicka, [42]

• [S]
• Saccate liquefaction, [222]
• Safranin, [205]
• Saliva, [248]
• Salivary glands, [248]
• Sake, [100]
• Salt-rising bread, [95]
• Saprogenic, [102]
• Saprophilic, [103]
• Saprophyte, [87], [238]
• Sarcina, [57], [58], [60], [66], [68], [69]
  • lutea, [77]
  • ventriculi, [83]
• Sarcoptes scabiei, [27], [34]
• Sauerkraut, [98]
• Scarlet fever, [246], [248], [250]
• Scavengers, bacteria as, [108]
• Schick, [289]
• Schistosomum hematobium, [28], [35]
• Schlösing, [32], [35]
• Schönlein, [27], [34]
• Schroeder and Dusch, [21]
• Schultze, [21], [34]
• Schwann, [21], [31], [34]
• Sea, bacteria in, [71], [111]
• Sealing air-tight, [20]
• Secondary infection, [234]
• Sections, staining of, [209]
• Selective media, [198], [199]
• Self-limited, [233]
• Semmelweiss, [28], [35]
• Sensitization, [290]
• Sensitized animal, [290]
  • bacteria, [254]
  • vaccine, [254]
• Septicemias, hemorrhagic, [246]
• Sero-bacterins, [254]
• Serum, antidiphtheritic, [263]
  • antitetanic, [263]
  • heated, [271], [277], [279]
  • rashes, [289]
  • sickness, [289], [292]
  • simultaneous method, [253]
  • therapy, [253]
• Serums, cytolytic, failure of, [275]
• Sewage disposal, [101], [116]
  • sulphate, reduction in, [114]
• Shape of spore, [48]
• Sickness, serum, [289], [292]
• Side-chain theory, [256], [258]
• Silkworm disease, [27], [29], [34], [35]
• Size of bacteria, [37], [40]
• Skatol, [104]
• Skin, channel of infection, [243]
  • diseases, [243]
  • glanders, [248]
  • lesions, [228]
  • pocket, [227]
• Slant cultures, [186]
• Slide, cleaning of, [207]
  • hanging drop, [203]
  • staining on, [207]
• Slope cultures, [186]
• Sludge tanks, [116]
• Small intestine, [249]
• Smallpox, [24], [26], [34], [239], [246], [248]
  • babies, [252]
  • vaccines, [253]
• Smith, [289]
  • tubes, [184]
• Snake poisons, [263], [275]
  • venoms, [128]
• Sneezing, [248]
• Soap, [160]
  • medicated, [160]
• Society of American Bacteriologists, classification, [63]
  • descriptive chart, [217]
  • key, [68]
• Sodium hypochlorite, [158]
• Soil, acid, [81]
  • bacteria, [119]
  • bacteriology, [35]
  • enrichment, [117]
  • fertility, [120]
  • organisms, [74]
• Solid media, [172], [173]
• Solution, Gram’s, [208]
  • stock, [205]
• Sore throat, [240], [241]
• Sound, [80]
• Sour mash, [98]
• Source of complement, [277]
• Souring, [98]
• Spallanzani, [20], [31], [34]
• Species determination, [59], [60]
• Specific amboceptor, [274], [278], [279]
  • antibody, [291]
  • chemical stimuli, [257], [258], [259]
  • disease, [27], [30], [233]
• Specificity of agglutinins, [267]
  • of amboceptor, [274]
  • of location, [249]
  • of opsonins, [281]
• Spermotoxin, [272]
• Spherical form, [52]
• Spherotilus, [63]
• Spirillaceæ, [63], [65]
• Spirilloses, [241], [242]
• Spirillum, [53], [54], [55], [61], [63], [66], [68], [69]
  • rubrum, [113]
• Spirochæta, [61]
  • obermeieri, [29], [35]
• Spirochetes, [53], [242]
• Spirosoma, [63]
• Splenic fever, [28]
• Split products of proteins, [291]
• Splitting enzymes, [124]
  • of fats, [101]
• Spoilage of canned goods, [51], [78]
• Spoiling of food, [91]
• Spontaneous combustion, [105], [116]
  • generation, [17–24], [33], [34]
  • outbreaks of disease, [239]
• Sporangia, [226]
• Spore, [47–51]
  • anthrax, [29], [35]
  • capsule, [48]
  • germination, [48]
• Spores, cause spoiling of canned goods, [51]
  • destroyed by boiling, [133]
  • first recognized, [33], [35]
  • light on, [75]
  • in pasteurization, [146]
  • resistance of, [50], [51]
  • staining of, [209]
  • two in bacterium, [50]
• Sprinkling filters, [116]
• Stab cultures, [185]
• Stables, disinfection of, [167]
• Stain, anilin fuchsin, [205]
  • • gentian violet, [205]
  • aqueous gentian violet, [205]
  • Bismarck brown, [212]
  • carbol fuchsin, [206]
  • contrast, [205]
  • Gabbet’s blue, [206]
  • Loeffler’s blue, [206]
  • Neisser’s, [212]
• Staining, [204–212]
  • acid-fast bacteria, [209]
  • bottles, [206]
  • capsules, [210]
  • cell forms, [212]
    • groupings, [212]
  • flagella, [210]
  • Gabbet’s method, [209]
  • Gram’s method, [208]
  • metachromatic granules, [212]
  • Neisser’s method, [212]
  • Räbiger’s method, [210]
  • reasons for, [204]
  • sections, [209]
  • spores, [209]
  • Welch’s method, [210]
  • Ziehl-Neelson, [210]
• Standard antitoxin, [264]
  • methods, [217]
  • test dose, [264]
  • toxin, [264]
• Standardization, colorimetric method, [175]
  • of culture media, [174]
  • of disinfectants, [165]
  • H-ion method, [175]
  • of vaccines, [284]
• Staphylococcus, [57], [58]
• Staphylococcus, [66], [68], [69]
• Starin, [196]
• Steam at air pressure, [134]
  • sterilizers, [135]
  • streaming, [135]
  • under pressure, [136]
• Stegomyia, [242]
• Sterile, [131]
• Sterilization, [130]
  • in canning, [133]
  • discontinuous, [133]
  • by filtration, [21], [152]
  • first experiment by boiling (moist heat), [20]
    • by chemicals, [21]
    • by dry heat (hot air), [21]
    • by filtration, [21]
• Sterilizers, pressure, [137]
  • steam, [135]
• Stimuli, chemical, [257], [258], [259]
• Stock cars, [170]
  • solutions, [205]
  • vaccines, [285]
• Stomach, [246]
• Straight needles, [192]
• Stratiform liquefaction, [222]
• Strawberry poisoning, [292]
• Streak methods of isolation, [196]
  • plates, [188]
• Streptobacillus, [53], [56]
• Streptococcus, [56], [60], [245]
• Streptococcus, [60], [62], [66], [68], [69]
• Streptospirillum, [55]
• Streptothrix, [38]
• Streptothrix bovis, [30], [36]
• Strict aërobe, [76]
  • anaërobe, [76]
  • parasite, [87]
• Structures, accidental, [43]
  • cell, [41]
  • essential, [41]
• Subcutaneous inoculation, [227]
• Subdural inoculation, [228]
• Substrate, [123]
• Successive existence, [103]
• Sugar broth, [176], [177]
• Sulphate reduction, [114]
• Sulphur bacteria, [63], [86], [115]
  • deposits, [116]
  • function of, [89]
  • in proteins, [105]
• Summary in immunity, [295]
  • Ehrlich’s theory, [259]
• Sunning, [148]
• Surface reactions, [91], [92]
• Surgical instruments, [167]
• Susceptibility, [235]
• Swine, [227]
• Symbionts, [87], [103]
• Symbiosis, [87]
• Synthetic media, [172], [183]
• Syphilitic antigen, [277], [279]
• Syphilis, [233], [245], [248], [249]
  • Wassermann test, [277], [279]

• [T]
• Tabulation of antigens and antibodies, [294]
• Tænia solium, [28], [35]
• Tapeworm, [28], [35], [232]
• Taxes, [203]
• Temperature conditions, [74]
  • effect on growth, [213]
  • factor in immunity, [251]
  • room, [213]
• Test, complement deviation, [277]
  • • fixation, [276], [279]
  • dose, [264]
  • for enzymes, [123]
  • Gruber-Widal, [268]
  • mallein, [292]
  • negative, [278]
  • positive, [278]
  • for toxins, [127]
  • tuberculin, [292]
  • Wassermann, [277], [279]
  • Widal, [268]
• Testicle, [249]
• Tetanus, [231], [238], [243], [249], [251], [252]
  • antitoxin, [252]
  • toxin, [126]
• Tetracoccus, [57]
• Tetrad, [57]
• Texas fever, [232], [233], [242]
• Thaer, [31]
• Theories of immunity, [256]
• Theory, anaphylaxis (author’s), [290–292]
  • cellular, [256]
  • chemical, [256]
  • contagious disease, [34]
  • contagium vivum, [25], [28], [33]
  • Ehrlich’s, [256–260]
  • exhaustion, [256]
  • germ, [25]
  • living cause, [33]
  • mosquito, [25]
  • noxious retention, [256]
  • overproduction, [257], [258]
  • phagocytosis, [256]
  • side-chain, [256]
  • spontaneous generation, [17]
  • unfavorable environment, [256]
• Thermal death point, [75], [215]
• Thermophil bacteria, [75], [77]
• Thermoregulator, [213]
• Thermostat,
• [213]
• Thiobacteria, [63]
• Thiothrix, [63]
• Thread, [56]
• Thrombin, [124]
• Thrush, [27], [34], [244]
• Ticks, [241]
• Tiedemann, [26]
• Tinea, [28]
• Tissue contrast stains, [205]
• Titer, [268]
• Titration, [174]
• Tonsil, [245], [249]
• Tonsillitis, [245]
• Touissant, [283]
  • effect of temperature, [262]
  • final test for, [127]
  • in food poisoning, [104]
  • molecule, [261], [262]
  • standard, [264]
  • tetanus, [264]
• Toxin, diphtheria, [264]
• Toxin-antitoxin method, [254]
  • as cell constituents, [84]
  • production of, [126–128]
  • of other organisms, [127]
  • specific localization, [249]
  • true, [128]
• Toxins and enzymes compared, [127]
• Toxoid, [262]
• Toxophore group, [261], [262], [273]
• Tract, alimentary, [246]
  • agency of, [232]
  • of contagious diseases, [232]
  • of disease, [26], [28], [35], [239]
  • of glanders, [26], [34]
  • of protozoal diseases, [242]
  • of tuberculosis, [28], [29], [34], [35], [238]
• Transmission, accidental carriers in, [241]
• Transverse division, [54], [56]
• Traube, [271]
• Treponema pallidum, [245]
• Trichina, [27]
• Trichina spiralis, [27], [34], [35]
• Trichinosis, [28], [35]
• Trichophyton, [243]
• Trichophyton tonsurans, [28], [34]
• Trimethylamine, [104]
  • lands, [242]
• Tropical dysentery, [29]
• Tropisms, [203]
• True toxins, [128]
• Trypanosomes, [242]
• Trypanosomiases, [241], [243]
• Tubercle bacteria, [85], [209]
• Tuberculin reaction, [292], [293]
  • due to bacteria, [30]
  • produced experimentally, [28], [34]
  • proved infectious, [29], [35]
• Tuberculosis, [73], [233], [238], [245], [246], [248], [249]
• Tuberculous milk, [248]
  • deep, [190]
  • fermentation, [184], [190]
  • Smith, [184]
  • Vignal, [189]
• Tubes, culture, [184]
• Two spores in a bacterium, [50]
• Tyndall, [24]
• Tyndallization, [133]
• Tyndall’s box, [23], [24], [35]
  • bacillus, [45]
  • carriers, [239]
  • fever, [231], [233], [248], [265], [268]
  • transmission by flies, [242]
  • vaccine, [254]
• Typhoid bacilli, [73], [238]
• Typhus, [242]
• Typical cell forms, [52]

• [U]
• Ultramicroscope, [204]
• Ultramicroscopic organisms, [234]
• Ultraviolet rays, [150]
• Unfavorable environment theory, [256]
• Unit of antitoxin, [264]
  • of measurement, [40]
• Universal carrier, [240]
• Unorganized ferment, [126]
• Unwashable articles, [169]
• Urea, [106]
• Urease, [125]
• Urethral discharges, [248]
• Urine, [72]
• Urticarial rashes, [292]

• [V]
• Vaccination in chicken cholera, [30]
  • negative phase in, [287]
  • in pneumonia, [241]
  • in smallpox, [26], [34], [253]
• Vaccine, [253]
  • age of, [285]
  • anthrax, [254]
  • antigens for, [285]
  • autogenous, [285]
  • black-leg, [254]
  • derivation of, [253]
  • mixed, [285]
  • polyvalent, [285]
  • preservative in, [284]
  • sensitized, [254]
  • smallpox, [253]
• Vaccines, bacterial, [283]
  • in colds, [241]
  • dosage of, [286]
  • in epidemics, [241]
  • failure of, [285–286]
  • in infections, [286]
  • preparation of, [283]
  • standardization of, [284]
  • stock, [284]
  • theory of, [286]
  • use of, [283]
• Vacuoles, [42], [43], [44], [59]
• Vaginal discharges, [248]
• Varo, [25]
• Vaughan, [291]
• Vaughan and Novy’s mass cultures, [188]
• Vegetable toxins, [127], [128]
• Vegetables, forcing of, [117]
• Vehicles, disinfection of, [169]
• Venoms, antisnake, [275]
• Viborg, [26], [34]
• Vibration, mechanical, [80]
• Vibrio, [33], [35], [53], [65], [68], [69]
  • choleræ, [66], [73]
• Vignal tubes, [189]
• Villemin, [29], [35]
• Villous growth, [219], [221]
• Vinegar, [99], [114]
• Virulence, [235]
• Virus, [234]
• Vultures, [241]

• [W]
• Walker, [165]
• Wall, cell, [41]
  • • composition of, [82], [83]
• Warden, [260]
• Washable articles, disinfection of, [169]
• Washing leukocytes, [281]
• Wassermann test, [277]
• Water, bacteria in, [73]
  • filtration of, [153]
  • purification of, [77], [150]
  • sterilization of, [157]
• Webb, [253]
• Weigert, [17], [30], [36], [42], [257], [258]
• Welch’s method of staining, [210]
• Whooping cough, [246], [250]
• Widal, [265]
  • test, [268]
• Will o’ the wisp, [105]
• Wine, pasteurization of, [141]
• Winogradsky, [32], [63], [86]
• Wire baskets, [184]
  • nichrome, [193]
• Wollstein, [26], [34]
• Woronin, [30], [36]
• Wound infections, [17], [25], [26], [27], [30], [34], [36], [233], [234], [240], [243], [248]
• Wright, [280]

• [X]
• X-rays, [79]
• Xylinum, acetobacter, [83]

• [Y]
• Yeast, fermentation, [31], [34], [99], [100], [114]
  • relation to bacteria, [37]
  • reproduction of, [37], [39]
• Yellow fever, [242]