C Calyx. The flower-cup or exterior part of a perianth. Campanulate. Bell-shaped, or elongated cup-shaped. Campylotropous. Descriptive of an ovule or seed curved in its formation so as to bring the micropyle or apex down near the hilum. Canescent. Hoary, with gray or whitish pubescence. Capsule. A dry dehiscent fruit of more than one carpel. Carpel. A simple pistil or an element of a compound pistil. Catkin. The same as an ament. Caudate. Furnished with a tail, or with a slender tip or appendage. Centripetal. Developing from without toward the centre. Chalaza. The part of an ovule where the coats and nucleus are confluent. Chartaceous. Having the texture of paper. Ciliate. Fringed with hairs. Cinereous. Ashy gray. Circinnate. Involute from the apex into a coil. Circumscissile. Circularly and transversely dehiscent. Clavate. Club-shaped. Cocci. Portions into which a lobed fruit with 1-seeded cells splits up. Cochleate. Shell-shaped, spiral like the shell of a snail. Columella. The persistent axis of a capsule. Commissure. The face by which 2 carpels unite. Complanate. Flattened. Conduplicate. Folded together lengthwise. Cone. An inflorescence or fruit formed of imbricated scales. Conferruminate. Stuck together by adjacent faces. Connate. United congenitally. Connective. The portion of a stamen which connects the two cells or lobes of an anther. Contortuplicate. Twisted and plaited, or folded. Convolute. Rolled up from the sides. Cordate. Heart-shaped. Coriaceous. Of the texture of leather. Corymb. A flat-topped or convex open flower-cluster, the flowers opening from the outside inward. Corymbose. Said of flowers arranged in a corymb. Costate. Having ribs. Cotyledons. The leaves of the embryo. Crenate. Scalloped. Crenulate. The diminutive of crenate. Crispate. Curled. Crustaceous. Of hard brittle texture. Cucullate. Hooded or hood-shaped. Cuneate. Wedge-shaped, or triangular with an acute angle downward. Cyme. A flower-cluster, the flower opening from the centre outward. Cymose. Bearing cymes or relating to a cyme.
D Deciduous. Falling, said of leaves falling in the autumn, or of parts of a flower falling after anthesis. Declinate. Bent or curved downward. Decompound. Several times compound or divided. Decurrent. Running down, as of the blades of leaves extending down their petioles. Decussate. In pairs alternately crossing at right angles. Dehiscent. The opening of an anther or capsule by slits or valves. Deltoid. Having the shape of the Greek letter Δ. Dentate. Toothed. Denticulate. Minutely toothed. Dextrorse. Turned or directed to the right. Diadelphous. Said of stamens combined by their filaments into 2 sets. Dichotomous. Forked in pairs. Digitate. Said of a compound leaf in which the leaflets are borne at the apex of the petiole. Dimorphous. Said of flowers of two forms on the same plant, or on plants of the same species. Diœcious. Unisexual, with the flowers of the 2 sexes borne by distinct individuals. Disciferous. Bearing a disk. Disciform. Depressed and circular like a disk. Discoid. Appertaining to a disk. Disk. The development of the torus or receptacle of a flower within the calyx or within the corolla and stamens. Dissepiment. A partition in an ovary or pericarp. Distichous. Said of leaves arranged alternately in two vertical ranks upon opposite sides of an axil. Dorsal. Relating to the back. Dorsal suture. The line of opening of a carpel corresponding to its midrib. Drupaceous. Resembling or relating to a drupe. Drupe. A stone fruit. Duct. An elongated cell or tubular vessel found especially in the woody parts of plants.
E Eglandular. Without glands. Ellipsoidal. Of the shape of an elliptical solid. Elliptic. Of the form of an ellipse. Emarginate. Notched at the apex. Embryo. The rudimentary plant formed in the seed. Endocarp. The inner layer of a pericarp. Endogenous. Descriptive of Endogens, monocotyledonous plants with stems increasing by internal accessions. Epicarp. The thin filmy external layer of a pericarp. Epigynous. Placed on the ovary. Epiphytal. Said of a plant growing on another plant, but not parasitic. Erose. Descriptive of an irregularly toothed or eroded margin. Excurrent. Running through the apex or beyond. Exocarp. The outer layer of a pericarp. Exogenous. Descriptive of Exogens, plants with stems increasing by the addition of a layer of wood on the outside beneath the constantly widening bark. Extrorse. Directed outward, descriptive of an anther opening away from the axis of the flower.
F Falcate. Scythe-shaped. Fascicle. A close cluster of leaves or flowers. Fascicled. Arranged in fascicles. Feather-veined. Having veins extending from the sides of the midrib. Ferrugineous. The color of iron rust. Fibro-vascular. Consisting of woody fibres and ducts. Filament. The stalk of an anther. Filamentose. Composed of threads. Fimbriate. Fringed. Fistulose. Hollow through the whole length. Flabellate. Fan-shaped; much dilated from a wedge-shaped base with the broader end rounded. Floccose. Bearing flocci or tufts of woody hairs. Foliaceous. Leaf-like in texture or appearance. Foliolate. Having leaflets. Foliole. A leaflet. Follicle. A dry 1-celled seed vessel consisting of a single carpel, and opening only by the ventral suture. Funicle. The stalk of an ovule or seed.
G Gamopetalæ. Plants with a corolla of coalescent petals. Gamopetalous. Descriptive of a corolla of coalescent petals. Geniculate. Bent abruptly like a knee. Gibbous. Swollen on one side. Glabrate. Nearly glabrous or becoming glabrous. Glabrous. Smooth, not pubescent or hairy. Gland. A protuberance on the surface, or partly imbedded in the surface of any part of a plant, either secreting or not. Glandular. Furnished with glands. Glaucescent. Nearly or becoming glaucous. Glaucous. Covered or whitened with a bloom. Glomerate. Said of flowers gathered into a compact head. Gymnospermæ. Plants with naked seeds, that is, not inclosed in a pericarp. Gynophore. The stipe of a pistil.
H Heartwood. The mature and dead wood of an exogenous stem. Hermaphrodite. With staminate and pistillate organs in the same flower, equivalent to perfect. Hilum. The scar or place of attachment of a seed. Hirsute. Hairy, with coarse or stiff hairs. Hispidulous. Minutely hispid. Hypogynous. Under or free from the pistil.
I Imbricate. Overlapping, like the shingles on a roof. Incumbent. Leaning or resting upon, as the radicle against the back of one of the cotyledons. Induplicate. With edges folded in or turned inward. Inferior. Said of an organ placed below another, like a calyx below an ovary or an ovary below a superior calyx. Inflorescence. Flower-cluster. Infrapetiolar. Below the petioles. Innate. Borne on the apex of the supporting part; in an anther the counterpart of adnate. Interpetiolar. Between the petioles. Introrse. Turned inward; descriptive of an anther opening toward the axis of the flower. Inverse. Inverted. Involucre. A circle of bracts surrounding a flower-cluster. Involute. Rolled inward.
L Laciniate. Cut into narrow incisions or lobes. Lactescent. Yielding milky juice. Lamellate. Composed of thin plates. Lanceolate. Shaped like a lance; narrower than oblong and tapering to the ends, or at least to the apex. Lanuginose. Clothed with soft reflexed hairs. Leaf. Green expansions borne by the stem in which assimilation and the processes connected with it are carried on. Leaflet. The separate division of a compound leaf. Legume. The seed vessel of plants of the Pea family, composed of a solitary carpel normally dehiscent only by the ventral suture. Lenticels. Lenticular corky growths on young bark. Lenticellate. Having lenticels. Lepidote. Beset with small scurfy scales. Ligulate. Strap-shaped. Linear. Said of a narrow leaf several times narrower than long, with parallel margins. Lobe. The division of an organ. Lobulate. Divided into small lobes. Loculicidal. Dehiscent into the cavity of a pericarp by the back, that is through a dorsal suture.
M Marcescent. Said of a part of a plant, withering without falling off. Medullary rays. The rays of cellular tissue in a transverse section of an exogenous stem and extending from the pith to the bark. Membranaceous. Thin and pliable like a membrane. Micropyle. The spot or point in the seed at the place of the orifice of the ovule. Midrib. The central or main rib of a leaf. Monœcious. Unisexual, with the flowers of the two sexes borne by the same individual. Mucro. A small and abrupt tip to a leaf. Mucronate. Furnished with a mucro. Muricate. Rough, with short rigid excrescences.
N Naked buds. Buds without scales. Nectar. The sweet secretion of various parts of a flower. Nectariferous. Nectar-bearing. Node. The portion of the stem which bears a leaf or whorl of leaves. Nucleus. The kernel of an ovule or seed. Nut. A hard and indehiscent 1-seeded pericarp produced from a compound ovary. Nutlet. A diminutive nut or stone.