- Saboly, [62]
- Sacrifice, theories of, [174-8];
- Salers, Christmas king at, [340]
- Samhain, [172], [204]
- Sant’ Andrea della Valle, Rome, [102]
- Santa Klaus, [220]
- Santa Maria Maggiore, Rome, [95-6], [107], [114-5]
- Saturnalia, [24], [113], [165-7], [180], [359]
- Schiller, [266]
- Schimmel and Schimmelreiter, [199-200], [206], [231]
- Schoolboys’ festival, [223-4].
- See also Boy Bishop
- Scotland, Christmas carols in, [70];
- Sedulius, Coelius, [32]
- Sequences, [32-3]
- Serao, Matilde, [113]
- Serbs, Christmas customs of, [251-4], [341]
- Shakespeare, [239], [298]
- Shepherds in Christmas drama, [123-4], [132-7], [139-43]
- Shropshire, soul-cakes in, [192-3];
- Sicily, Midnight Mass in, [98];
- Sidgwick, Mr. F., [6], [77-8]
- Sidgwick, Mrs. Alfred, [264]
- Silesia, Schimmel in, [200];
- Slav New Year, [172-3];
- Smith, W. Robertson, [164-5], [175-6], [178-9]
- Somersetshire wassailing, [345]
- Soul cakes, [192-4]
- South America, Christmas in, [98]
- Southwell, [79-80]
- Sowens eaten, [285], [325]
- Spain, Christmas poetry in, [65-7];
- Spervogel, [42]
- Spinning, during Twelve Days, [240-3]
- Staffordshire, St. Clement's Day in, [211-2]
- “Star-singing,” [151-2]
- “Stella,” [125-7], [129]
- Stephen, St., his festival, [292], [302], [311-6]
- Stephens, Dean, [35]
- Stow's “Survay,” [272]
- Strasburg, early Christmas-trees at, [265-6]
- Strenae, [168], [277-8]
- Stubbes, Philip, [184], [298]
- Styles, Old and New, [268-9]
- Styria, Habergaiss in, [201];
- Sun, the, December [25] as festival of, [23];
- Suso, [44]
- Sussex, squirrel-hunting in, [214];
- Swabia, Pelzmärte in, [206-7], [217]
- Sweden, Christmas service in, [99];
- “star-singing” in, [151];
- animal masks in, [202];
- St. Lucia's Day in, [221-4];
- Christmas Eve superstitions in, [235-6];
- Yule log in, [257];
- Yule candles in, [259-60];
- Christmas-trees in, [267], [270];
- Yule straw in, [276];
- Christmas presents in, [278-9];
- pig's head eaten in, [286];
- dances in, [293-4];
- St. Stephen's Day in, [312-3], [315];
- “St. Knut's Day” in, [351]
- Swinburne, [84-5]
- Swine as sacrificial animal, [284], [286]
- Switzerland, St. Nicholas in, [218-9];
- Sword-dance, [294], [299-301]
- Sylvesterabend, [274], [322]
- Tacitus, [200], [299]
- Tate, Nahum, [84]
- Tauler, [43]
- Teme valley, “first-footing” in, [324]
- Tenby, Plygain at, [99];
- St. Clement's Day at, [212]
- Tersteegen, Gerhard, [75-6]
- Tertullian, [269]
- Teutonic New Year, [171-3], [189], [202-4]
- Thomas of Celano, [38]
- Thomas, Mr. N. W., [293]
- Thomas, St., his festival, [223-6]
- “Thomassin’,” [226]
- Thurston, Mr. Edgar, [322]
- Tieck, [266][400]
- Tille, Dr. A., [5], [110], [169], [172-3], [231-2], [268]
- Tipteerers, [298]
- Tolstoy's “War and Peace,” [302]
- Tomte Gubbe, [236]
- Tonquin, feast of the dead in, [195]
- Totemism, [175-8]
- Tours, Council of, [21], [101], [239]
- Towneley plays, [128], [134-7]
- Trees, sacred, [177-8], [254], [269-71];
- Trest, Epiphany at, [344]
- Trolls on Christmas Eve, [235-6]
- Troppau, Christmas Eve at, [232]
- Troubadours, [36]
- Tübingen, cradle-rocking at, [111]
- Tuscany, Christmas log in, [256]
- Tutilo of St. Gall, [123]
- Twelfth Night. See Epiphany
- Twelve Days, declared a festal tide, [21], [239];
- Tylor, Dr. E. B., [191]
- Tynan, Katharine, [85]
- Tyrol, Midnight Mass in, [97];
- the crib in, [107-8];
- cradle-rocking in, [111];
- Christmas drama in, [143];
- “star-singing” in, [152];
- All Souls in, [191-2], [194];
- Klöpfelnächte in, [218];
- St. Nicholas in, [220];
- St. Lucia in, [223];
- Christmas Eve in, [236], [346];
- Berchta in, [243-4];
- customs with fruit-trees in, [268];
- Christmas pie in, [290], [345-6];
- St. Stephen's Day in, [311-2];
- St. John's Day in, [314];
- Epiphany in, [337];
- Carnival in, [349];
- Purification candles in, [353]
- Ubeda, J. L. de, [65]
- Uist, South, “breast-strip” in, [328]
- United States, Santa Klaus in, [220];
- New Year in, [323]
- Usedom, [201]
- Usener, H., [20], [107]
- Valdivielso, J. de, [65]
- Vampires, [215-6], [245-6]
- Vaughan, Henry, [81]
- Vega, Lope de, [149-50]
- Vegetation-cults, [177-8]
- Venetia, Martinmas in, [204], [207]
- Vessel-cup, [118]
- Villazopeque, [148-9]
- Vosges mountains, All Souls’ Eve in, [191]
- Wales, Christmas carols in, [69];
- Warnsdorf, St. Nicholas play at, [220]
- Wassail-bowl, [193], [285-6]
- Water, New Year, [332-4]
- Watts, Isaac, [83-4]
- Weather, ideas about, [203], [332]
- Weihnacht, origin of the name, [20]
- Werewolves, [246]
- Wesley, Charles, [84]
- Westermarck, Dr. E., [176]
- Westphalia, St. Thomas's Day in, [225]
- Whipping customs, [207-8], [315-7], [330]
- “Wild hunt,” [239-40]
- Wine, Martinmas, [204];
- St. John's and St. Stephen's, [314-5]
- “Wish hounds,” [240]
- Wither, George, [83]
- Woden, [200], [206], [208], [231], [240]
- Women, their clothes worn by men at folk-festivals, [178], [301], [304];
- unlucky at New Year, [324-5]
- Woolwich, St. Clement's and St. Catherine's Days at, [212]
- Worcestershire. St. Clement's Day in, [212];
- New Year in, [324]
- Wormesley, Holy Thorn at, [269]
- Wren, hunting of, [292-3]
- Wylie, Miss I. A. R., [263]
- “Yeth hounds,” [240]
- York Minster, mistletoe at, [273];
- Boy Bishop at, [307]
- York plays, [128], [131-3]
- Yorkshire, possible survival of the crib in, [118];
- Ypres, St. Martin at, [206]
- Yule, origin of the name, [25], [171-2]
- “Yule Boar,” [288]
- Yule log, [180], [245], [251-8], [344], [354]
- Zacharias, Pope, [171]
FOOTNOTES
[ [1] For an explanation of the small numerals in the text see Preface.