[7] W. H. Flower, in Journal of the Anthropological Institute, Vol. XIV., p. 183.
[8] The “Lemurian reversion” in human dentition brought forward some years ago as a racial indication by Professor E. D. Cope has been largely negatived by the later researches of Dr. Harrison Allen. See Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 1890; also, Virchow, Verhandlungen der Berliner Anthrop. Gesellschaft, 1886, s. 400, sq.
[9] L. Holden, Human Osteology, pp. 188, 189.
[10] More accurately, the pigment cells in man are in the deeper layer of the rete mucosum Malpighii. Cf. A. Kölliker, “Ueber die Entstehung des Pigments in den Oberhautgebilden,” in the Zeitschrift für wissensch. Zoölogie, Bd. XLV., s. 713 sq.
[11] This was the result of numerous autopsies during the American civil war. Some dissections reported by M. T. Chudzinski seem to show that the liver of the negro is smaller than that of the white. (Revue d’Anthropologie, 1887, p. 275). But its relative size to the lungs is the question at issue. The comparative splanchnology of the different races has yet to be worked out.
[12] Dr. John Beddoe in England, Topinard in France, and Virchow in Germany, have been especially active in obtaining these statistics.
[13] L. Testut, in L’Homme, 1884, p. 377.
[14] In Archivio per l’Antropologia, 1885.
[15] See Topinard, “Le Canon des Proportions du Corps de l’Homme Européen,” in Revue d’Anthropologie, 1889, p. 392.
[16] An instructive article on this subject is that of Alphonse de Candolle, “Les Types brun et blond au point de vue de la Santé,” in the Revue d’Anthropologie, May, 1887.