The particle nasare,uru gives the highest (supremus), or moderately great (satis magnus) honor and is placed after the root of the verb; e.g., Deus cono xecai vo gosacu nasareta 'God created the world.'
The particles rare and re add a middling and not a great amount
of honor to the verbs to which they are added. The particle rare is added mainly when we are talking about someone who is absent. It is formed by taking the nu from the negative present and replacing (40 it with this particle; e.g., aguerare,uru means 'I offer' when the person to whom the offering is made requires a middling degree of honor and respect (reverentia). This verb coincides letter for letter with the passive but is distinguished from it by the cases which it governs. The particle re is placed after verbs of the second and third conjugation only; e.g., iomare,uru 'to read' and naravare,uru 'to learn,' said of a person having a good reputation. We speak in this way when speaking of those who are equal to us and the servants of our lord, but not of other servants, or nobles.
The particles saxemaxi and xemaxi give the same degree of honor as ari,u and rare or re. These particles are added to the root of a first conjugation verb,[[118]] or to the negative present from which the nu has been removed; aguesaxemasu 'he offers.' Maxi,u [Xemaxi,u] is added to the negative present of the second and third conjugation verbs after taking away nu; e.g., iomaxemasu 'he reads,' and naravaxemasu 'he learns.'
The particles saxerare,uru and xerare,uru attribute great honor. The first is added to the negative present of verbs in the first conjugation[[119]] after the nu is removed, and the second is added to the [other] negatives in the same way; e.g., aguesaxeraruru 'I offer,' iomaxeraruru 'I read,' naravaxeraruru 'I learn.' Because these forms coincide letter for letter with the honorific causative, the particle ari,u may be placed after the verb and the particle vo may be placed before to avoid confusion; e.g., yomaxe aru [vo iomaxe aru] 'I read' and naravaxe aru [vo naravaxe aru] 'I learn.'
The passive verb, concerning which see below, also permits the particle saxerare,uru; e.g., viamavaresaxeraruru (99v) 'I am honored.'
The particle tamai,ó bestows the highest honor. We use it when speaking of God, saints, kings, or generals. It is added to the roots of verbs and conjugated in the third conjugation. It is placed after the root of the passive form when referring to God; e.g., Deus filio, umare
tamǒ toqi 'when the son of God was born,' Deus agamerare tamǒ 'God is honored.'
The particle tate matçuri,u makes the meaning of the verb to which it is added humble. It is placed after the root of affirmative verbs; e.g., Deus vo gotaixet ni zonji tate matçuru coto va ichi sugureta jen gia 'to love God is the supreme virtue.' This particle permits some degree of honor if re is added to it after the final e [i] has been changed to a. Thus, when speaking of the saints in respect to God, one says, (41 Sancto Domingo, Deus vo gotaixet ni zonji tatematçurareta 'St. Dominic loved God.'
The particle maraxi [mairaxi][[120]] is able to elevate to honor the particle rare; e.g., tono iori cono coto vo Padre ni vataximairaxerareta 'the lord gave it to the priest.'