1 ad Luceriam = in the direction of Luceria, a town in Apulia on the borders of Samnium, and now threatened by the Samnites.

1-2 praeter . . . maris = along the coast of the upper sea, i.e. the Adriatic. Taking this route, they would go N. of Samnium, through the Peligni, and S. through the Frentani into Apulia.

3 fere = just.

3-4 Furculas Caudinas, two fork-shaped defiles near Caudium, the capital of the Caudine Samnites, between Beneventum and Capua on what was afterwards the Via Appia.

5-6 montibus . . . iuncti = united by a continuous ring (perpetuis circa) of mountains.

10 insinuaveris = lit. have wound your way.

11-12 artiorem impeditioremque = more narrow and more difficult (i.e. steeper).

13 per cavam rupem = through an overhanging rocky defile.

demisso agmine = with their troops led down (the descent).

14 protinus = straightforward.