CHAPTER XI
RELIGION
I'Jo religion except natural religion—Religion not separate from administrative ritual—The titles of "King" and "Emperor"—Prayer common, but most other of our own religious notions absent—Local religion in barbarous states—Distinction between loss and annihilation of power—Ducal rank and marquesses—Distinction between grantee sacrifices and personal sacrifices—Prayer and the ancient Emperor Shun, whose grave is in Hu Nan—Chou Emperor's sickness and brother's written prayer—Offers to sacrifice self— Messages from the dead—Lao-tsz's book—Ts'in and conquered Tsin Sacrifices—Further instances of prayer
CHAPTER XII
ANCESTRAL WORSHIP
Ancestral tablets carried in war-Shrines graduated according to rank—Description of shrines—Specific case of the King of Ts'u— Instance of the First August Emperor much later—Temple of Heaven, Peking, and the British occupation of it—Modern Japanese instance of reporting to Heaven and ancestors—Tsin and Ts'i instances of it—Sacrificial tablets—Writing materials—Lu's special spiritual status—Desecration of tombs and flogging of corpses—Destruction of ancestral temples—Imperial presents of sacrificial meat— Fasting and purification—Intricate mourning rules. So-65
CHAPTER XIII
ANCIENT DOCUMENTS FOUND
History of Tsin and the Bamboo Annals discovered after 600 years' burial—Confirmatory of Confucius' history—Obsolete and modern script—Ancient calendars—Their evidence in rendering dates precise—The Ts'in calendar imposed on China—Rise of the Ts'in power—Position as Protector—Vast Tartar annexations by Ts'in— Duke Muh of Ts'in and Emperor Muh of China—Posthumous names— Discovery of ancient books—Supposed travels of Emperor Muh to Tartary—Possibility of the Duke Muh having made the journeys— Ts'in and Tsin force Tartars to migrate—Surreptitious vassal "emperors"—Instances of Annam and Japan—Tsin against Ts'in and Ts'u after Second Protector's death—Ts'i never again Protector— Ts'in's Chinese and Tartar advisers—Foundations for Ts'in's future empire.