[15-3] “Esta ciudad es bien obrada y fuerte á maravilla.” Relacion de Pedro de Alvarado, in Bib. de Autores Españoles, Tom. XXII, p. 459. So Herrera wrote from his authorities: “En Utlatan (i. e., the city of Gumarcaah, capital of the Quiches), havia muchos, i mui grandes templos de sus dioses, de maravillosos edificios.” Historia de las Indias Occidentales, Dec. III, Lib. IV, Cap. XIX.
[16-1] The Lineal Measures of the Semi-Civilized Nations of Mexico and Central America, by D. G. Brinton, in Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, and separately.
[16-2] “En la Provincia de Utlatan, junto á Guatemala, se averiguò por las Pinturas, que los Naturales tenian de sus antiguedades, demas de ochocientos años, etc.” Herrera, Historia de las Indias Occidentales, Dec. III, Lib. IV, Cap. XVIII.
[17-1] “Son amigos de hacer colloquios y decir coplas en sus bailes.” Thomas Coto, Vocabulario de la Lengua Cakchiquel. MS. sub voce, Poesia.
[17-2] “Son flecheros y no tienen hierba.” Oviedo, Historia General de Indias, Par. III, Lib. III, Cap. IV.
[18-1] This word is doubtful, as I do not find it in the dictionaries, and judge of its meaning from its derivation and context. See the [Vocabulary]. Sanchez y Leon speaks of the “very long lances pointed with flint,” used by these people. Apuntamientos de la Historia de Guatemala, p. 27.
[19-1] The statement of Gavarrete, in his notes to Sanchez y Leon, Historia de Guatemala, p. 3, that the Xahils and Zotzils were two branches of the ruling family, the one residing at Iximche, the other at Solola, rests on a misapprehension, as will be seen from the Annals published in this volume.
[20-1] It is interesting in this connection to observe how widespread was the symbolic significance of the canopy, or sun shade, as a mark of dignity. The student of Shakspeare will recall the lines in his 125th sonnet—
“Were it aught to me I bore the canopy,
With my extern the outward honouring;”
while the ethnologist may consult Richard Andree’s suggestive essay, Der Schirm als Würdezeichen, in his Ethnographische Parallelen und Vergleiche, p. 250 (Stuttgart, 1878).