[94] [The Rev. F. W. Robertson (who died some years ago), states some opinions in his published sermons which show he was almost before his time in his ideas concerning animals. He says, in comparing them with mankind, “There is the same external form, the same material in the blood-vessels, in the nerves, and in the muscular system. Nay, more than that, our appetites and instincts are alike, our lower pleasures like their lower pleasures, our lower pain like their lower pain; our life is supported by the same means, and our animal functions are almost indistinguishably the same.” Sermons, 3rd series, 1857 (preached in 1850), p. 49. “It is the law of being, that in proportion as you rise from lower to higher life, the parts are more distinctly developed, while yet the unity becomes more entire. You find, for example, in the lowest forms of animal life, one organ performs several functions; one organ being, at the same time, heart, and brain, and blood-vessel. But when you come to man, you find all these various functions existing in different organs, and every organ more distinctly developed; and yet the unity of a man is a higher unity than that of a limpet.” (Sermons, p. 57.)—Editor.]
[95] A Treatise on the Records of the Creation, by J. Bird Sumner, Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, 6th edit., 8vo, London, 1850.
[96] Nullum characterem hactenus eruere potui, unde homo a simia internoscatur.—Linnæus, Fauna Suecica: præfatio.
[97] Owen, On the Characters of the Class Mammalia, p. 20, note (Journal of Proceedings of Linnean Society, 1857.)
[98] Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences, vol. ii, p. 581.
[99] See the magnificent work, Sketches of Central Africa, and the portrait of the chief, Kanéma, in Barth’s Travels, vol. iii.
[100] Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Hist. Naturelle Générale, vol. ii, pp. 200-515.
[101] [See Huxley’s Man’s Place in Nature, 8vo, London, 1863; and the article thereon in the Edinburgh Review, April, 1863.—Editor.]
[102] Crawfurd, On the Negro Race, etc. (British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1852, p. 86.)
[103] See the translation of this veritable Iliad, by M. H. Fauche. Râmâyana, 1857.