| Indefinite. | Distributive, General or Collective. | Interrogative and Relative. | Negative. | Demonstrative. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quality Kind of (adjectival) | IA some (any) kind or sort of some (any) of some kind | ĈIA every kind of every of every kind | KIA what kind of? of what kind? what a! ... as | NENIA no kind of no, no such of no kind (not any kind of) | TIA that kind of such a of that kind |
| Motive Reason for (adverbial) | IAL for some (any) reason or cause | ĈIAL for every reason/cause for all reasons | KIAL for what reason/cause why? wherefore | NENIAL for no reason/cause | TIAL for that reason/cause therefore |
| Time (adverbial) | IAM at some (any) time ever once | ĈIAM always every time for all time ever | KIAM at what time? when | NENIAM at no time never | TIAM at that time then |
| Place (adverbial) | IE in some (any) place somewhere (anywhere) | ĈIE in every place everywhere | KIE in what place where | NENIE in no place nowhere (not anywhere) | TIE in that place there yonder |
| Manner (adverbial) | IEL in some manner/way somehow (anyhow) (in any manner) | ĈIEL (in) every manner/way (in) every way all ways | KIEL in what manner/way how? ... as like | NENIEL in no manner/way nohow by no means not at all | TIEL in that manner/way thus, so, like (that) as ... in such a manner |
| Possession (pronominal) | IES somebody’s (someone’s) (anyone’s) | ĈIES everybody’s everyone’s each one’s of each, of all | KIES whose of which | NENIES no one’s nobody’s of none | TIES that one’s of that of those |
| Thing (not specified) (substantival or pronominal) | IO something (anything) | ĈIO everything all things all | KIO what (thing) which | NENIO nothing not anything | TIO that (thing) |
| Quantity (adverbial) | IOM some quantity somewhat rather, some a little, at all (any) | ĈIOM every quantity all, the whole all of it | KIOM what quantity how much how many | NENIOM no quantity none none at all | TIOM that quantity so much/many as much/many |
| Individuality Person or thing (pronominal or adjectival) | IU some one (anyone) | ĈIU each one, each everybody ĉiuj=all, all the ... | KIU which one who, he who which, that | NENIU no one nobody | TIU that one the former |
Examples of the Use of Correlative Words.
148. In the following examples (pars. 149–157) we have taken the correlative words in the table in the nine horizontal series, since in this way we can best show how some of the words are used in pairs.
149. Series ending in A (quality, kind of), adjectival.
- Ia = some sort of, some, a, an.
- Ĉia = every (each) kind of, every sort of.
- Kia = what a! what kind of? of what kind, ... as.
- Nenia = no, no such, no kind of, of no kind, not any kind of.
- Ia ajn, of any kind (whatever).
- Tia = such a, that kind of, of that kind.
- Tia ... kia = such ... as.
Examples.—Ĉu vi ne havas ian libron, kiu klarigos tion? = Have you not some book which will explain that?
Mi havas ian ideon kiel ĝin fari = I have some (or, an) idea how to do it.
Ekster ĉia dubo = Beyond any (every sort of) doubt.
Tiaj frazoj troviĝas en ĉiaj libroj = Such (kind of) phrases are found in all kinds (sorts) of (or, in any) books.
Ni ne scias, kiel ili fariĝis tiaj, kiaj ili estas = We do not know how they became what (such as) they are.