A brief course in the teaching process

by George D. Strayer

5. The Early Followers of Pestalozzi.

Tillich (1806), Krancke (1819), Grube (1842).

6. Types of Later Methods.

a. Counting.

b. Ratio.

c. Extreme spiral.

d. Pure concrete work as a basis.

e. Pure abstract work as a basis.

7. The Ease and Futility of Creating Narrow Methods.

References: Smith, Teaching of Elementary Mathematics, pp. 71-97. Seeley, Grube’s Method of Teaching Arithmetic, New York, 1888. Soldan, Grube’s Method of Teaching Arithmetic, Chicago, 1878. C. A. McMurry, Special Method in Arithmetic, New York, 1905. McLellan and Dewey, The Psychology of Number, New York, 1895. Young, pp. 53-150.