III. The Question of Aims and Values
1. The Faith of Educators in the Utility of History attested by Programs in the Subject for every Grade of Instruction from the Kindergarten to the University.
2. Current Discussions Confusing.
a. Aims sometimes defined without reference to the nature of history. History then repudiated wherever it happens to interfere with “the uses of history.”
b. Aims sometimes inconsistent with each other.
c. Little to indicate that one of the aims of historical instruction is to teach history.
3. Aims commonly Proposed.
a. Discipline—training of the memory, the imagination, the judgment.
b. Culture—“enriching the humanity of the pupil.”
c. Inspiration—furnishing ideals of conduct, patriotism, social service.