d. Practical knowledge—teaching pupils how to act in the present.

e. The illumination of other studies, especially literature and geography.

f. The cultivation of a taste for historical reading.

g. The explanation of the present—nothing in the world to-day really intelligible apart from its history.

4. Special Modern Emphasis upon the Social Value of History.

a. An application of a general point of view in education.

b. Special demands upon history.

1. Must show in the form of concrete examples what society is and how it works.

2. Must “give a vivid and intense realization of social duties and obligations.”