[54] Freisen, op. cit., 774, 775; Esmein, op. cit., II, 59.
[55] "Verily, if her husband do not take her back, he sins, and allows himself to commit a great sin; he ought to take back the sinning woman who has repented; but ought not to do this often. For there is one repentance for the servants of God."— Hermas, Lib. II, mandat. iv, c. 1; Woolsey's translation, Divorce, 108. Thus Hermas understands Paul in 1 Cor. 7:11 to refer to adultery as the cause of separation. Cf. Geffcken, op. cit., 18, 19; Freisen, op. cit., 770: Woolsey, op. cit., 107-9.
[56] Basilius, Epist. ad Amphiloch., c. 9: "Quare quae reliquit, est adultera, si ad alium virum accessit, qui autem relictus est, dignus est venia et, quae una cum eo habitat, non condemnatur." Cf. Freisen, op. cit., 772; Geffcken, op. cit., 30; Esmein, op. cit., II, 55; Perrone, op. cit., III, 263. Epiphanius (Penarion, lib. 59, c. 4) takes a similar position; Freisen, op. cit., 772.
[57] Jerome, Ad Oceanum, cc. iii, iv. Cf. Woolsey, op. cit., 112, 113; Esmein, op. cit., II, 55.
[58] Origines, Comment. in Matt., tom. xiv, no. 23. He declares this practice to be against the Scriptures; but still he is not inclined to judge severely, as it has been adopted to avoid worse evils. Cf. Freisen, op. cit., 771; Esmein, op. cit., II, 54
[59] Augustine, De conjug. adult., II, 17. See Freisen, op. cit., 772. Augustine also admits that the man who contracts a new marriage after putting away a guilty wife commits merely a venial sin: De fide et operibus, c. xix; Esmein, op. cit., II, 53; Woolsey, op. cit., 115.
[60] Woolsey, op. cit., 92, 93: Paulus, in Dig., XLV, 1, 134; Cod., viii, 39, 1, 2, de inutil. stip.
[61] The requirement of seven witnesses; the case of the freedwoman marrying her patron; and the obligation of the husband, under penalty, to put away a guilty wife: see above, p. 16.
[62] Woolsey, op. cit., 94. Cf. on the survival of the principles of Roman law, Geffcken, op. cit., 24, 25.
[63] Nov., 117, c. 10.