(c) The most subtle form of begging the question is an enthymeme where the suppressed premise is the oneassumed; e. g., “You, being a teacher, should not do as other people do.”
Completed and arranged the argument becomes:
No teacher should do as other people do,
You are a teacher,
∴ You should not do as other people do.
Surely the major premise demands proof.
(2) Reasoning in a Circle (Circulus in probando).
This form of begging the question occurs, “When a conclusion is based upon a premise which in an earlier stage of the argument was itself based upon this very conclusion.” To put it in another way: Reasoning in a circle involves proving the truth of a conclusion by using a particular premise, and then proving the truth of the particular premise by using the conclusion. From premise to conclusion and from conclusion to premise completes the circle.
Examples of begging the question by reasoning in a circle:
(a) It is wrong because my conscience pricks me, and my conscience pricks me because it is wrong.