For hīc used to introduce a new sentence, see [2129].
haec habuī dē senectūte quae dīcerem, CM. 85, this was what I had to say on Old Age. sed haec hāctenus; nunc ad ostenta veniāmus, Div. 2, 53, so much for this; let us now go on to portents. fēcit pācem hīs condiciōnibus, N. 8, 3, 1, he made peace on the following terms. dīcitur locūtus in hanc ferē sententiam esse, L. 6, 40, 2, it is said that he spoke to somewhat the following effect. quaesierat ex mē Scīpiō quidnam sentīrem dē hōc quod duo sōlēs vīsōs esse cōnstāret, RP. 1, 19, Scipio had asked me what I thought about this, that it was generally agreed that two suns had been seen.
[2352.] hīc and ille are often opposed, particularly in contrasts of classes: as,
laudātur ab hīs, culpātur ab illīs, H. S. 1, 2, 11, one side praises him, the other condemns. illud est album, hoc dulce, canōrum illud, hoc bene olēns, hoc asperum, Ac. 2, 21, that is white, this is sweet, that sonorous, this fragrant, this rough. ōrātor, nōn ille volgāris sed hīc excellēns, O. 45, an orator, not of the common sort, but the superior one of whom we are speaking.
[2353.] In transitions, ille introduces a new thing, hīc denotes the aforementioned: as,
sed haec vetera; illud vērō recēns, Caesarem meō cōnsiliō interfectum, Ph. 2, 25, but this is all ancient history; here, however, is something new, that Caesar was killed at my suggestion.
[2354.] When hīc and ille refer to two different persons or things named in the sentence, hīc commonly refers to the nearer word, ille to the remoter word; or hīc sometimes refers to what is nearer the mind of the speaker, even though it be remoter in the sentence.
([a.]) Caesar beneficiīs ac mūnificentiā magnus habēbātur, integritāte vītae Catō. Ille mānsuētūdine et misericordiā clārus factus, huic sevēritās dignitātem addiderat, S. C. 54, 2, Caesar was esteemed great for his liberality and generosity, Cato for his unsullied life. The former became famous through his humanity and mercy, the latter’s dignity was heightened by his austerity. (b.) cavē Catōnī antepōnās nē istum quidem ipsum quem Apollō, ut ais, sapientissimum iūdicāvit: huius enim facta, illīus dicta laudantur, L. 10, suffer not Cato to find a rival even in your man himself, whom, as you say, Apollo declared wisest of mankind; for our Cato is renowned for deeds, the other for doctrines.
[2355.] hīc and ille are used together, chiefly in poetry, to explain something past by a present thing: as,
hunc illum poscere fāta reor, V. 7, 272, this I think is he whom the fates require. hunc illum fātīs externā ab sēde profectum portendī generum, V. 7, 255, this was the man whom destiny foretold should fare from foreign home to be his son-in-law.