| [PREFACE.] | [V] |
| [CONTENTS.] | [VII] |
| [GENERAL INTRODUCTION.] | [XV] |
| I. | [DESCRIPTIVE.] | [1] |
| I. | [DEFINITION AND DISTINCTION FROM KINDRED PHENOMENA.] | [3] |
| 1. | [ Ordinary meaning of the term “slavery”.] | [3] |
| 2. | [ Use of the term “slavery” in theoretical literature.] | [6] |
| 3. | [ Definition for scientific use.] | [7] |
| 4. | [ Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena. I. Wives in an abject condition.] | [9] |
| 5. | [ Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena. II. Children subjected to the head of the family.] | [26] |
| 6. | [ Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena. III. Members of a society in their relation to the head of the community.] | [30] |
| 7. | [ Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena.] | [33] |
| 8. | [ Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena.] | [34] |
| 9. | [ Pawns or debtor-slaves.] | [39] |
| II. | [GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF SLAVERY.] | [41] |
| 1. | [ Introduction.] | [41] |
| 2. | [ North America.] | [47] |
| 1. | [ Eskimos.] | [47] |
| 2. | [ Nootka group.] | [49] |
| 3. | [ Tinneh group.] | [50] |
| 4. | [ Algonquin group.] | [52] |
| 5. | [ Iroquois group.] | [55] |
| 6. | [ Choctaw-Muskoghe group and neighbouring tribes.] | [56] |
| 7. | [ Dacotah group.] | [58] |
| 8. | [ Oregon group.] | [59] |
| 9. | [ Californians.] | [61] |
| 10. | [ New Mexicans.] | [63] |
| 3. | [ Central and South America.] | [70] |
| 4. | [ Australia.] | [83] |
| 5. | [ Melanesia.] | [85] |
| 6. | [ Polynesia.] | [97] |
| 7. | [ Micronesia.] | [102] |
| 8. | [ Malay Archipelago.] | [110] |
| I. | [ Malay Peninsula.] | [110] |
| II. | [ Sumatra and neighbouring islands.] | [110] |
| III. | [ Borneo.] | [112] |
| IV. | [ Celebes.] | [113] |
| V. | [ Little Sunda Islands and Moluccas.] | [114] |
| VI. | [ Philippines.] | [115] |
| VII. | [ Madagascar.] | [117] |
| 9. | [ Indo-Chinese Peninsula.] | [123] |
| 10. | [ India, Afghanistan, Himalaya.] | [124] |
| 11. | [ Central Asia.] | [127] |
| 12. | [ Siberia.] | [132] |
| 13. | [ Caucasus.] | [136] |
| 14. | [ Arabia.] | [138] |
| 15. | [ Africa. A. Bantu tribes.] | [138] |
| 1. | [ Caffres.] | [138] |
| 2. | [ South-West Bantus.] | [144] |
| 3. | [ East-African Bantus.] | [147] |
| 4. | [ Tribes on the Congo and in Lower Guinea.] | [149] |
| 5. | [ Natives of the Wahuma states.] | [152] |
| 16. | [ Africa. B. Soudan Negroes.] | [155] |
| 1. | [ Coast of Guinea.] | [155] |
| 2. | [ Haussa states.] | [157] |
| 3. | [ Central Soudan.] | [157] |
| 4. | [ Upper Nile.] | [157] |
| 5. | [ Appendix. African Islands.] | [159] |
| 17. | [ Africa. C. Light-coloured South Africans and African pigmy-tribes.] | [161] |
| 18. | [ Africa. D. Hamitic peoples.] | [163] |
| 19. | [ Recapitulation.] | [165] |
| II. | [THEORETICAL.] | [167] |
| I. | [METHOD AND DIVISIONS.] | [169] |
| 1. | [ Method.] | [169] |
| 2. | [ Distinction of economic groups.] | [174] |
| 3. | [ Hunting and fishing, pastoral, and agricultural tribes in the several geographicaldistricts.] | [179] |
| II. | [HUNTERS AND FISHERS.] | [190] |
| 1. | [ Why slaves are not of much use to hunters.] | [190] |
| 2. | [ The slave-keeping tribes of the Pacific Coast of North America.] | [201] |
| 3. | [ Experimentum crucis: Australia.] | [227] |
| 4. | [ Experimentum crucis: Central North America.] | [236] |
| 5. | [ Experimentum crucis: Eskimos.] | [246] |
| 6. | [ Conclusion.] | [255] |
| III. | [PASTORAL TRIBES.] | [262] |
| 1. | [ Capital and labour among pastoral tribes.] | [262] |
| 2. | [ Slavery among pastoral tribes.] | [281] |
| IV. | [AGRICULTURAL TRIBES.] | [292] |
| 1. | [ Numbers of positive and negative cases in the three agricultural groups.] | [292] |
| 2. | [ Development of agriculture and development of slavery.] | [293] |
| 3. | [ Capital and labour among agricultural tribes.] | [297] |
| 4. | [ Land and population.] | [302] |
| 5. | [ Land tenure in Polynesia.] | [314] |
| 6. | [ Land tenure in Micronesia.] | [321] |
| 7. | [ Land tenure in Melanesia.] | [324] |
| 8. | [ Landlords, tenants and labourers in Oceania.] | [328] |
| 9. | [ Transition from serfdom to freedom in Western Europe.] | [346] |
| 10. | [ The rural classes of medieval England.] | [362] |
| 11. | [ The rural classes of medieval Germany.] | [373] |
| 12. | [ Open and closed resources.] | [383] |
| 13. | [ Condition of women.] | [388] |
| 14. | [ Commerce.] | [393] |
| 15. | [ Slaves employed in warfare.] | [398] |
| 16. | [ Slaves kept as a luxury.] | [403] |
| 17. | [ Other secondary internal causes.] | [406] |
| 18. | [ External causes, especially the slave-trade. Recapitulation.] | [407] |
| V. | [CONCLUSION.] | [417] |
| 1. | [ General survey.] | [417] |
| 2. | [ Outlines of a further investigation of the early history of slavery.] | [427] |
| I. | [ The different ways in which people become slaves.] | [428] |
| II. | [ The different ways in which people cease to be slaves.] | [430] |
| III. | [ Treatment of slaves by their masters.] | [431] |
| IV. | [ Legal status of slaves.] | [432] |
| V. | [ The attitude of public opinion towards slaves.] | [433] |
| VI. | [ Different kinds of slaves.] | [433] |
| VII. | [ Slave labour.] | [433] |
| VIII. | [ Serfdom.] | [434] |
| IX. | [ Number of slaves.] | [434] |
| X. | [ Happiness or unhappiness of slaves.] | [434] |
| XI. | [ Consequences of slavery.] | [435] |
| XII. | [ Development of slavery.] | [437] |
| [LIST OF AUTHORITIES.] | [441] |
| [SUBJECT-INDEX.] | [467] |