[Footnote 4]: Dog entrails.
[Footnote 5]: Mouse entrails.
[Footnote 6]: This is the popular form in Little Russian; therefore it is quoted.
[Footnote 7]: The right bank of the Dnieper was called Russian; the left, Tartar.
[Footnote 8]: Hmelnitski is made to apply the title Tsar to the Khan, either to give him more importance in the eyes of the Cossacks or because Tugai Bey was present.
[Footnote 9]: The author uses sometimes the word vudka and sometimes gorailka. The first is Polish; the second Little Russian. Both mean a liquor distilled generally from rye. When vudka is used it might mean that the liquor was from Poland, and when gorailka that it was of Ukraine origin; but here the words are used indifferently.
[Footnote 10]: Krívonos signifies "crooked nose;" Prostonos, "straight nose."
[Footnote 11]: "Holota" (Nakedness) was used as a nickname in those days to designate a poor nobleman. Abstract nouns were used by the Cossacks also as names; e. g., Colonel Chernota, which means "blackness."
[Footnote 12]: City of the Tsar = Constantinople.
[Footnote 13]: A pun on "Pulyan," which in Polish means "half Yan," or John.