19th Century Composers

German and Austrian: Gansbacher, J. B., 1778–1844; Kreutzer, K., 1780–1849; Spohr, Ludwig, 1784–1859; Weber, Carl Maria F. E. von, 1786–1886; Meyerbeer, G., 1791–1863; Hauptmann, M., 1792–1868; Löwe, J. K. G., 1796–1869; Schubert, Franz Peter, 1797–1828; Lortzing, G. A., 1801–1851; Strauss, Johann, 1804–1849, king of valse composers; Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, J. L. F., 1809–1847; Nicolai, Otto, 1810–1849; Schumann, Robert Alexander, 1810–1856; Hiller, F., 1811–1885; Wagner, Richard, 1813–1883; Heller, Stephen, 1815–1888; Franz, Robert, 1815–1892, song composer; Abt, Franz, 1819–1885, art folk-song; Suppe, F. von, 1820–1895; Raff, J. J., 1822–1882; Cornelius, Carl August Peter, 1824–1874, song writer; Bruckner, Anton, 1824–1896, Wagnerian symphonist; Reinecke, C. H. C., 1824–1910; Lassen, Eduard, 1830–1904; Joachim, Joseph, 1831–1907; Brahms, Johannes, 1833–1897; Bruch, Max, b. 1838; Rheinberger, J. G., 1839–1901; Goetz, Hermann, 1840–1876; Neszler, V., 1841–1890: Humperdinck, E., b. 1854; Wolf, Hugo, 1860–1903; Strauss, Richard, b. 1864.

French: Auber, D. F. E., 1782–1871; Herold, L. J. F., 1791–1833; Halevy, J. F. F. E., 1799–1862; Berlioz, Hector, 1803–1869; David, F., 1810–1876; Thomas, C. L. Ambroise, 1811–1896; Gounod, C. F., 1818–1893; Offenbach, J., 1819–1880; Franck, Cesar, 1822–1890, founder of Modern French School; Lalo, E., 1823–1892; Reyer, E., b. 1823; Lecocq, A. C., b. 1832; Benoit, P. L. L., 1834–1901; Saint-Saëns, Charles Camille, b. 1835; Dubois, F. C. T., b. 1837; Bizet, Georges, 1838–1875; Joncieres, V., 1839–1903; Chabrier, A. E., 1841–1894; Audran, E., 1842–1901; Massenet, J. E. F., 1842–1912; Faure, Gabriel, b., 1845; Widor, Charles Marie, b. 1845; Godard, Benjamin L. P., 1849–1895; Planquette, R., b. 1850; D’Indy,. P. M. T. V., b. 1851; Messager, A. C. P., b. 1853; Bruneau, Alfred, b. 1857; Chaminade, Cécile, b. 1861; Bemberg, Herman, b. 1861; Debussy, Claude Achilles, b. 1862.

Belgian: The violinist Ysaye, b. 1858.

Italian: Spontani, G. L. P., 1774–1851; Rossini, G. A., 1792–1868; Donizetti, G., 1798–1848; Bellini, V., 1801–1835; Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813–1901; Ponchielli, Amilcare, 1834–1886, on whom have modelled themselves, Mascagni, Leoncavallo, etc.; Boito, Arrigo, b. 1842; Sgambati, G., b. 1843; Leoncavallo, R., b. 1858; Puccini, G., b. 1858; Mascagni, P., b. 1863.

British: Horsley, Wm., 1774–1858; Smart, Sir George T., 1776–1867; Bishop, Sir H. R., 1786–1855; Pearsall, R. L. de, 1795–1856; Field, John, 1782–1837, inventor of the nocturne; Goss, Sir John, 1800–1880; Hatton, J. L., 1800–1886; Barnett, J., 1802–1890; Benedict, Sir Julius, 1804–1885; Balfe, M. W., 1808–1870; Wesley, S. S., 1810–1876; Hullah, John P., 1812–1884; Macfarren, Sir G. A., 1813–1887; Wallace, Wm. V., 1814–1865; Pierson, H. H., 1815–1873; Bennett, Sir Wm. Sterndale, 1816–1875; Ouseley, Sir F. A. G., 1825–1889; Bache, F. E., 1833–1858; Clay, F., 1838–1889; Barnby, Sir J., 1838–1896; Stainer, Sir John, 1840–1901; Sullivan, Sir Arthur S., 1842–1900; Cellier, Alfred, 1844–1891; Mackenzie, Sir A. C., b. 1847; Parry, Sir C. Hubert H., b. 1848, on whom fell the mantle of Purcell; Thomas, Arthur Goring, 1850–1892; Cowen, F. J., b. 1852; Stanford, Sir Charles Villiers, b. 1852; Elgar, Sir Edward, b. 1857; MacCunn, Hamish, b. 1868.

Bohemian: Smetana, F., 1824–1884, founder of modern Bohemian School; Dvořák, Anton, 1841–1904.

Hungarian: Gung’l, Josef, 1810–1889; Liszt, Franz, 1811–1886; Goldmark, Karl, b. 1832; Paderewski, I. J., b. 1860.

Polish: Chopin, Frederic François, 1810–1849; Moszkowski, Moritz, b. 1854.

Russian: Glinka, M. Ivanovich, 1803–1857, founder of national school; Dargomijsky, A. Sergeivich, 1813–1869; Rubinstein, Anton, 1829–1894; Borodin, A. Porfyrievich, 1834–1887; Moussorgsky, M. Petrovich, 1835–1881; Balakirev, M. Alexeivich, b. 1836; Tschaikovsky, Peter Ilich, 1840–1893; Rimsky-Korsakov, N. Andreievich, 1844–1908; Glazunov, A. Constantinovich, b. 1865.