SENTENCES FOR TRANSLATION.
1. The word ostracism comes from the Greek word signifying "oyster-shell." 2. It has its present meaning because oyster-shells or pieces of pottery were used for the voting. 3. The story about Aristeides is interesting, but that about the sword of Damocles is also interesting. 4. His friend, the Syracusan tyrant, had permitted all sorts of injustices, against not only barbarians but even Greeks. 5. His only bidding usually was "Let every inhabitant be sold as a slave!" 6. He thought "Let me make one sole empire out of Africa, Italy and Sicily!" 7. Damocles said to him "Your royal highness ought to be very happy!" 8. The tyrant answered, "Come to a feast tomorrow, and find out. I will give you a seat (214, b) beside me." 9. Damocles willingly consented, and went thither. 10. The tyrant advised "Let us eat and drink until midnight, if that would be-pleasing to you. Then let us discuss the problem about happiness." 11. After a few hours Damocles heard a slight sound over his head, and the tyrant said to him, "Look up and you will see what kind of happiness mine is." 12. "Heaven defend me!" exclaimed Damocles, catching sight of a sharp sword hanging by a single (sole) hair.
LESSON LVI.
THE IMPERATIVE IN SUBORDINATE CLAUSES.
259. The imperative mood is used in a subordinate clause, with a meaning similar to that in its independent use, after a main verb expressing command, exhortation, resolve, consent, wish, etc., or after any word or general expression of command, intention, necessity, expedience, etc. Such clauses are introduced by the conjunction ke:
Command and Prohibition.
Li diras ke vi iru, he says that you are to go.
Ŝi skribis al li ke li venu, she wrote him to come.
Mi malpermesas ke vi restu, I forbid you to remain.
Ni ordonos ke li estu punata, we shall order that he be punished.
Request and Wish.
Mi petas ke vi ne lasu min, I beg that you do not leave me.
Mi petegas ke vi estu trankvilaj, I implore you to be calm.
Li deziras ke ili estu sklavigitaj, he desires that they be enslaved.
Ni volis ke li ne forgesu tion, we wished him not to forget that.
Advice, Consent, Permission.
Mi konsilis al li ke li iru, I advised him to go.
Mi konsentis ke li restu, I consented that he remain.
Ili permesos ke la barbaroj forkuru, they will permit the barbarians to escape (that the barbarians escape).
Questions.
Li demandas ĉu ili foriru, he inquires whether they are to go away.
Oni demandis ĉu lia moŝto eniru, they asked whether his honor was to enter.
Mi miras ĉu mi faru tion, I wonder whether I am to do that.
Intention, Expedience, Necessity, etc.
Ni intencas ke vi estu helpata, we intend that you shall be helped.
Lia propono estas ke ni ricevu la duonon, his proposal is, that we receive the half.
Lia lasta ordono estis, ke vi venu, his last order was that you come.
Estos bone ke vi ne plu nomu lin, it will be well for you not to (that you do not) mention him any more.
Estas dezirinde ke ni havu bonan imperiestron, it is desirable that we have a good emperor.
Estis necese ke ĉiu stariĝu, it was necessary for everyone to rise.
Plaĉos al li ke vi iru, he will be pleased to have you go.