1. Our grandfather is an old man, and they say that he will not live much longer. 2. He is not very strong, and can not take (fari) long walks. 3. The mile between his house and ours now seems long to him. 4. He prefers to sit quietly in the house or on the veranda, and think, nearly all day long (the whole day). 5. He is very amiable, and can tell exceedingly interesting stories, about the victories and defeats which happened (119) many years ago. 6. Such things are wicked I think, and I am very glad that (83) such battles do not happen now. 7. Grandfather has a long white beard and much white hair. 8. It is very interesting to hear his stories, and also to look directly at him while he is telling them. 9. He tells such stories with great pleasure. 10. Although he has lived with (125) us since February (131), he does not know (117) a great many of the neighbors, or of the other persons living (133) near. 11. Grandmother has blue eyes, red cheeks, and soft white curls. 12. She speaks slowly, with a sweet voice, and is very patient. 13. Today she said to me "Good morning, my dear (132), I have lost my spectacles. Will you look-for them for me?" I nodded (the head) and soon found the spectacles.
LESSON XXIX.
THE INTERROGATIVE ADVERB OF MANNER AND DEGREE.
134. The interrogative adverb of manner or degree, related to the interrogative pronoun kiu, is kiel, how, in what way, to what degree:
Kiel oni vivas en tia aero? How do people live in such air?
Kiel afabla ŝi estas! How amiable she is!
Mi miras kiel la batalo okazis, I wonder how the battle happened.
Kiel longe li pensis pri ĝi? How long did he think about it?
THE PLUPERFECT TENSE.
135. The compound tense formed by combining the past active participle with the past tense of esti represents an act or condition as having been completed at some time in the past, and is called the pluperfect tense. The conjugation of vidi in this tense is as follows:
mi estis vidinta, I had seen (I was having-seen).
vi estis vidinta, you had seen (you were having-seen).
li (ŝi, ĝi) estis vidinta, he (she, it) had seen (was having-seen).
ni estis vidintaj, we had seen (we were having-seen).
vi estis vidintaj, you had seen (you were having-seen).
ili estis vidintaj, they had seen (they were having-seen).
CARDINAL NUMERALS.
136. Cardinals are numeral adjectives which answer the question "How many?" The cardinals from one to twelve are as follows: