[220]. Essay, 7th ed., p. 122.

[221]. 2nd ed., p. 254; 7th ed., p. 246. Cf. 2nd ed., pp. 172, 175, and 67; 7th ed., pp. 118, 120, and 47. Cf. Hume, Pop. of Anc. N., pp. 487, and especially 504.

[222]. 7th ed., pp. 163, 387, 394; 2nd ed., pp. 113, 287, 292. Cf. 1st ed., pp. 118–19, 123 n.

[223]. 2nd ed., p. 178; 7th ed., p. 122.

[224]. 7th ed., p. 380, top.

[225]. 2nd ed., p. 175; 7th ed., p. 120.

[226]. 2nd ed., p. 175; 7th ed., p. 120.

[227]. 2nd ed., p. 180; 7th ed., p. 124. “It is therefore upon these causes alone,—independently of [2nd ed. says ‘besides’] actual enumerations,—on which we can with certainty rely.”

[228]. Dr. Wallace, Dissertation, p. 55, had given Attica in its palmy days a population of 608 to the square mile; England in the nineteenth century has only 445, and crowded Belgium 487.

[229]. Essay, 1st ed., p. 54; 7th ed., pp. 120, 122; cf. pp. 262, 434. Cf. Wealth of Nations, IV. vii. 254, 255.