41 indompte, a classical epithet. Cf. indomitique Dahae, Verg. Aen. VIII. 728. The warlike and nomadic character of the Scythians increased in the mind their geographical remoteness. The Parthians are supposed to have sprung from Scythian exiles. The two races occupied the vast regions of north-western Asia.
45 heureux, like "happy," often = "successful."
49 agite refers of course to il in l. 50.
51 The exquisite taste and modesty of the queen's narrative has been commented upon in Introd. section IV.
54 ma race et mon pays. We are told (Book of Esther, ii. 5-7) that Mordecai, who had taken Esther for his daughter, had been carried away from Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar; whence it follows that Esther, too, was not only a Jewess by race, but a native of Palestine. The Book of Esther (ii. 20) says she had not showed "her kindred nor her people."
56 peuple means: 1. "nation;" 2. "mass of common people," in contradistinction to la noblesse; 3. "crowd."
57 intérêt, whose meaning is always "a matter of interest," will have to be variously translated; e.g., "prize," "cause," "need," etc.
58 arrêt is the decision at which, when reached, a "stop" is made. Hence, "decree," "edict," and here "doom."
59 brigue is correctly defined by Mr. Saintsbury as "the whole process of endeavoring to secure a favor by interest and influence."—Suffrages is here used of the claims to preference put forward by each.
69 Note that tandis que has two uses: 1 "during the time that," and 2. "whereas." Pendant que has only the former.