Note that no Pronounes haue Articles ioyned vnto them, except Altrúi. Chè. Cúi. Cotále. Medésimo. Quále. Tále. and the possessiues, Mío. Túo. Súo. Mía. Túa. Súa. Nóstro. Nóstra. Vóstra. Vóstro. and Lóro. and yet all may haue the signes of the cases, Di. A. or Da. or else they could not be declined; as thus, Il medésimo giórno che io ti conóbbi, l'istésso ti amái. Il tále m'hà fátto mále. Il cotále m'hà feríto. L'amíco il quále io ámo. Il che io ti mostrerò sẻmpre. Io desídero l'altrúi bene, Il cúi dánno non mi piáce. I cúi denári io hò spesi, &c. and so all their plurals.
Note that to all the Possesiues, contrary to other Idiomes, the Italians ioyne such Articles, as the Substantiue requireth to which they are ioyned, as thus, Il mío líbro. I tuói fastídij sóno i miẻi. La mía máno. Le mie bráccia. Il túo pádre. Le túe disgrátie. La súa sórte. Il súo giudítio. Il nóstro Dío punísce i nóstri peccati, La vóstra lẻttera. Le vóstre fórze. Il vóstro signóre. I vóstri guanti. La lóro fortúna. Il lóro fratẻllo. Le lóro sciagùre. I lóro maríti, &c.
Of the Pronounes deriuatiues, or as some cal them Affixes, Adiuncts, or Particles, Mi, Ti, Si, Ci, Vi, Ne, Te, Se, Ce, Ve, Ne, Mo, Ma, To, Ta, So, which are so frequent in vse, and such an ornament or grace in the Italian tongue, which because they are some what difficile, I will say something of them.
The aboue written Deriuatiues, Affixes, Adiuncts, or Particles are very worthy of great consideration for the true vse of them, which few English attaine vnto, though they haue beene in Italy, and because none that euer I saw hath yet truely written of them; therefore pardon me, I beseech your Royal Maiestie, if I seeme somewhat tedious or curious in them. They are commonly ioyned vnto Verbes, and are euer of the Datiue or Accusatiue cases, except verbs of Priuation, when they are of the Ablatiue, as before hath beene touched: as for example, Lui mi diẻde. Egli mi dísse. Ei mi conóbbe ẻt súbito mi prése. Io ti díco ẻ ti móstro, ẻ ti véggo, ẻ ti conósco. Egli si dà ad intẻndere di scusársi, ẻ s'accúsa da se stésso. Lóro si dánno a crédere di non monstrársi pázzi (Of Si, more shall be said in this present Discourse.) Lui ci diẻde denári vedẻndone giuocáre. Dio vi hà dáta la súa gratia acciò vi pentiáte, &c. Here remember that Ci, and Vi, are often Aduerbes of place or locall signifying Here and There, as thus, Se io ci sóno, non ci voglio ẻssere. Io non vi andái pẻr non trouárui l'amíco che promíse di ẻsserui, &c.
Note that Mi, Ti, Si, Ci, Vi, may often be changed into Me, Te, Se, Ce, Ve, and yet are euer of one same signification, the I. of which is neuer changed into E. but when any of them are ioyned or affixed vnto some one of these Articles, Il. I. Lo. Gli. La. Le. or Ne. being an Aduerbe, and then are the Affixes of the Datiue case, and the Articles of the Accusatiue cases, as this, Lúi me lo mostrò. Io te lo diẻdi. Io te ne parlái. Egli se la béue. Essi se le mangiórono sénza pentírsene. Lóro ce ne hánno parláto, ẻt ce lo significórono. Io ce lo víddi. Lui ce ne diẻde, ẻt ce ne féce párte. Io ve lo trouái. Di grátia non ve ne Scordáte. Non vogliáte cercárveli se non ve ne voléte pentíre, &c.
Note also that all these aboue written Particles Mi. Ti. Si. Ci. Vi. Me. Te. Se. Ve. Ne. Lo. La. and Le. may indifferently be vsed and placed eyther before or after Verbes, at the pleasure of the speaker or writer, as for example in the Datiue case, Mi piáce. Piácemi. Ti gióua. Gióuati. Si compiáce. Compiácesi. Ci dilẻtta. Dilẻttaci. Vi piáce. Piáceui. Si compiáciono. Compiácionsi. And Accusitiuely, Mi vidde. Viddemi. Tí accúsa. Accúsati. Si móstra. Móstrasi. Ci áma. Ámaci. Vi truóua. Truóuaui.
But remember that if the Verbe haue an accent ouer the last vowell, as Mostrerò, Donò, Dirà, Farà, Starà, Dà, È, and that you will place the Particle after the verbe (as you may at your pleasure) the consonant of them ought euer to bee doubled, whereas before the Verbe it ought to be single, as for example, Ti mostrerò, Mostrerótti, Mi donò, Donómmi, Si dirà, Dirássi, Si farà, Farássi, Ci dà, Dácci, Ci ẻ del béne? Ecci del béne, Vi farò vedére, Faróuui vedére. Ve ne ẻ dauánzo, Éuuene pur tróppo. Le donò il cuóre, Donólle il cuóre, Se ne andò. Andóssene vía. Si trouò fuóri. Trouóssi fuóri. Le trouò che dormíuano. Trouólle che dormíuano. Ne dà. Dánne. Ne fà. Fánne, &c. Note withall that none of these Particles should be vsed before any Infinitiue mood, Gerond or Participle (an error wherein many Englishmen fall very often) as Mi fáre, Ti díre, Si monstrando, Si dicẻndo, Si pentíto, Si trouáto, Ci fáre, Ci trouáre, Vi facẻndo, Vi parlando, Ne vedẻndo, Ne trouándo, &c. but you must euer say Fármi, Dírti, Fárci, Trouárci, euer losing the last vowell of the Infinitue. Dicẻndosi, Facẻndosi, Pentítosi, Trouátosi, Facẻndoui, Parlándovi, Vedẻndone, Trouándone, &c.