Gipalit ku ang isdà, I bought the fish.
Nakatilaw na kug isdà, I have already tasted fish.
Sa nagpalit kug isdà, As I was buying fish.
They also refer to actions still going on.
Naghilak ang bátà, The child is crying.
Naglútù pa siya sa isdà, He is still cooking the fish.
The forms designated as SUBJUNCTIVE occur in a phrase and following a form which itself indicates time: e.g. kagahápun ‘yesterday’, walà ‘not (past)’, anus-a ‘when (future)’, sa miáging Duminggu ‘last Sunday’, adtu ‘there (future)’, túa ‘there (present)’, and the like.
Ugmà níya palita, He will buy it tomorrow.
Anus-a nímu palita ang isdà? When will you buy the fish?
Didtu níya palita, He bought it there.
Sunud Duminggu níya palita, He will buy it next Sunday.
Walà níya palita, He did not buy it.
The passive subjunctive forms are also used as imperative forms:
Palita ang isdà! Buy the fish!
Ayaw lutúa, Don’t cook it.
Limpiyúhi ninyu! You (plural) clean it.
Further examples of the tense differences can be found in the definitions of the future case-mode affixes listed as entries in the dictionary. The listing under untà, 2a illustrates the use of the future and past in the apodosis of conditions contrary to fact.
[24] The phonemic value of the morphophonemic symbol N is given in the following chart:
| For roots beginning with | N plus the initial consonant after root produces |
| p, b | m |
| t, d, s | n |
| k, ʔ (written as initial vowel), ng | ng |
| l | ngl or, alternatively, nl |
| other consonants or clusters of consonants | ng plus initial consonant |