[651] For the philology of the Caribs and the Arawaks, see L. Adam, “Trois fam. linguist.... de l’Amazone, de l’Orénoque, etc.,” Congrès Intern. Americanistes, Berlin, 1888, p. 489, and Biblioth. linguist. Americaine, vol. xviii., Paris, 1893; Von den Steinen, loc. cit., and Centr. Brasil, Leipzig, 1886; Ehrenreich, loc. cit., and Peterm. Mitth., 1897, No. 4. For the ethnography, see the works already quoted of Ehrenreich, of Von den Steinen, and the following works: Schomburgh, Reisen in Brit. Guyana, Leipzig, 1847, 2 vols.; Coudreau, “Note sur 54 trib. Guyane,” Bull. Soc. Geogr., Paris, 1891, and “Dix ans de Guyane,” ibid., p. 447, map; E. Im Thurn, Among the Indians of Guiana, London, 1883; Crevaux, Voyages dans l’Amer. du Sud, Paris, 1883; Stoddard, Cruising among the Caribbees, London, 1895.
[652] According to Siemiradzki, loc. cit., p. 147, the Guancavelica and Montubio Indians of the coast of Ecuador, who are completely Hispanified, as well as the Payaguas (see p. 572), bear a strong resemblance in physical type to the Caribs.
[653] These figures are given from the measurements of Manouvrier and Deniker (Bull. Soc. Anthrop., Paris, 1893), of Maurel (Mem. Soc. Anthrop., Paris, 2nd ser., vol. ii., 1875–85), Ten Kate (Rev. d’Anthr., Paris), and Prince Roland Bonaparte (Les Habitants de Surinam, Paris, 1884), for the Caribs of the north; from Ehrenreich, loc. cit. (Anthrop. Stud.), for the Caribs of the south.
[654] See, for example, the summary of the data of ancient authors in J. Ballet’s La Guadeloupe, vol. i., 2nd pt., p. 220, Basse-Terre, 1894.
[655] O. Ordinaire, “Les Sauvages du Perou,” Rev. Ethnogr., 1887, p. 264.
[656] This traveller also mentions a tribe very different from the Goajires, inhabiting the mountains of the north, now completely unknown. These Indians call themselves Piecer(?). They might possibly have some slight relation with the Arawaks inhabiting the upper valleys of Sierra Nevada. De Brette, loc. cit.; H. Candelier, Rio Hacha et les ... Goajires, Paris, 1893.
[657] Particulars concerning the archæological and osteological remains of the aborigines of the Greater Antilles will be found in J. Duerden’s “Aborig. Ind. Remains in Jamaica,” Journ. of the Instit. of Jamaica (with “note on the craniology,” by Haddon), Kingston, 1897, vol. ii., No. 4; and in Brinton’s “The Archæology of Cuba,” Amer. Archæologist, vol. ii., No. 10, Columbus, 1898.
[658] R. de la Grasserie, Congr. Internat. Americanistes, Berlin, 1888, p. 438.
[659] Barboza Rodriguez (Revista da Exposiçao Anthrop. brazileira, Rio de Janeiro, 1882) has measured four specimens, which have given him the mean height of 1 m. 47.
[660] Ordinaire (loc. cit.) also describes together with these populations the wholly savage tribe of the Lorenzos living completely in the stone age on the banks of the Palcazu.