M MacClintock, Paul, on Minnesota man, [132] MacNeish, Richard S., [266]; dates corn, [273] Magdalenian man, in ancestry of American Indian, [218], [285]-86; hypothetical migration of, [25]; in Old World, [107], [126] [Man], “age” of, [43]; and his early diet, [40], [41]; -apes in Africa, [85]-87; Australoid, [214]-15, [217]-18; Australoid or Negroid ancestry of, in New World, [31], [42], [210], [219]-20, [223]-24, [248]-49, [279]; as descendants of Adam, [119]-21; dividing line between ape and, [85]-87; existence of glacial, [63], [64], [288]-92; giant ancestors of, [83], [84]; length of residence in New World of, [2]-7, [9], [28], [31], [56], [112], [124]-42, [180]-88, [277], [288]-92, [294]; location of sites in New World of, [184]-88; Mongoloid, [207]-9, [213], [215]-18, [220]; relationship of forms of, [97], [220], [279] Mandan Indians, thought to be descendants of Welsh, [16] Mangelsdorf, P. C., and cereal treasure, [268] Manos, defined, [177] Marston, A. F., discovery of Swanscombe skull by, [77] Martin, Paul S., on extinction of mammals, [205] Mastodon, American, [9] Mathematics, development of, [7] Mather, Cotton, on Dighton Rock carvings, [120]; on giants of Holy Writ, [191] McGee, W. J., [146] Meade, Grayson, E., discovers Plain view point, [156] Medicine, development of, [7] Meganthropus palaeojavanicus, [83] Melanesian people. See [Oceanic Negrito] Melbourne skull, [133]-34 Mendel glaciation, [47] Mendes Correâ, A. A., and hypothesis of southern land bridge, [224] Mercati, Michele, on origin of ancient artifacts, [143] Mesolithic Age, [36], [37] Mexico, prehistory of, [29], [30] Microliths, in division of prehistory, [36] Midland man, [139]-40 Migration of north pole, [56], [57] [Migration routes], [2], [3], [16], [17], [166]; across Atlantic, [25]; across Pacific, [25]; by Antarctica, [25]; by Bering Strait, [20], [21], [24], [128]; early opinions on, [12]-15; from Europe to Canada, [25]; by Isthmus of Panama, [24] [Milling stones], [166]-70; puzzle anthropologists, [280]-81 [Milnes Milnesand points], [162] Minnesota man, [132]-33, [278]; challenge existence of, [140] Moir, J. Reid, [173]; discovery of eoliths by, [67], [68] [Monkey trial], [124] Monument Site, significance of discoveries at, [135] Morlot, Adolphe, and glacial hypothesis, [47] Mortillet, Gabriel de, classification of cultures by, [64], [65], [68], [87], [88]; modification of theory of, [72] Mounds, number in U.S. of, [7] Mousterian. See [Neanderthal] Mu, continent of, [16], [240] Mugharet-el-Kebara, [96] Muscovy duck, [8]
N Nachahmer, Emil, quoted, [143] [Neanderthal man], [88]-94, [96]; advent of, [79], [94]; as inventor of religion, [88]; predecessor of, [80] Negro slaves, thought to identify fossils of extinct mammals, [191]-92 Nelson, N. C., [120]; on advent of Aurignacians, [100]; on ancestors of American Indian, [285]; on divisions of prehistory, [37]; on European attitude toward Indians, [12]; on Indian types, [209] [Neolithic age], daggers from, [154]; defined, [36]-39, [41], [42]; time taken to reach, [8] New Stone Age. See [Neolithic age] Niagara Gorge, [49] Nordenskiöld, Baron Erland, on Indian culture, [240], [245], [247]; on inventions unique to New World, [261]-62, [264]; on metallurgy in New World, [31], [32] Notharctus, [2]
O [Oceanic Negrito], [213] Old Stone Age. See [Paleolithic age] Oreopithecus bambolii, [87] Osborn, Henry Fairfield, on advent of Aurignacians, [100]; on extinction of mammals, [202]
P Painting, [104], [171]; as religious art, [258]-59; by Magdalenians, [107]-12, [256]; in Spain, [112]-13 [Paleolithic age], [96]; defined, [36], [37], [41], [42], [116]-17; progress from, [7], [8]; sculpture of, [98] Panpipes, [235]-36, [253] Papuan peoples. See [Oceanic Negrito] Paranthropus, [85] Peking man, [81]-85 Penck, Albrecht, and Alpine glaciations, [47]; on duration of glaciation, [55]; on inter-glacial migration, [290]-92; on length of residence of man in New World, [6], [31] Peñón man, [138] Percussion flaking, [88], [90], [91] Pericú skulls, [135], [221] Perry, W. J., [16], [239]-40 Peyroni, D., [173] Piltdown forgery, [74]-77 [Pithecanthropus erectus], [82], [89]; cousin of, [84]; discovery of, [81] Pithecanthropus robustus, [89] Plainview points, [155]-56, [203]. See also [Folsom man, Generalized] Playfair, John, and glacial hypothesis, [46] Pleistocene. See [Great Ice Age] Plesianthropus, [85] Pliocene Period, [67], [68], [87] Pluvials, [59], [131], [170], [292]-94; defined, [52] Polished ax, social use of, [39] Population of New World in 1492, [5] [Postglacial Period], definition of, [45] Pottery, in association with animal fossils, [194]-95; Aurignacian, [113]; cord-marked, [229]; in dating, [247]; as factor in neolithic life, [38]; invention in New World of, [54] Pressure flaking, [93], [280]; by Solutreans, [104], [283] Prestwich, Sir Joseph, [64], [67] Protestant dogma, [122], [124]; influence on archeology of, [63] Punin man, [131]-33; question of antiquity of, [195]; resemblance to Australian skulls of, [218] Putnam, F. W., [124] Putnam, General Rufus, [120] Pygmy, as exception to Negroid headshape, [210]; as preceding Australoid in New World, [225]-27
Q Querns. See [Milling stones]
R Rainey, F. G., [156] Ranking, John, on extinction of American mammals, [193] Ray, Cyrus N., [161] Recent Period. See [Postglacial Period] Red Lady of Paviland, [97] Reeves, R. G., and cereal treasure, [268] Renaud, E. B., discoveries of, [173]-74 Retzins, Anders, sets up cephalic index, [210] Rickard, T. A., on classification of cultures, [35]-37; on scope of Bronze Age, [34] Riss glaciation, [47] River terraces, determination of culture periods of early man through, [50]-52, [64], [72], [73] Rivet, Paul, on origin of early man in New World, [224]-25 Roberts, Frank H. H., Jr., [146]; digs Lindenmeier site, [150]; on early man in America, [125], [127], [278] Rogers, Malcolm J., challenges dating of Mohave and Pinto, [160] Romer, Alfred S., on extinction of mammals, [203] Romero, Javier, on Tepexpan man, [138] Rosholt. See [Dating] Rostrocarinates. See [Eoliths]
S Saltadora Cave, paintings in, [112]-13 Sandia Cave, dating of man found in, [191]; findings at, [165], [184]; points found with extinct mammals in, [191] Sauer, Carl, [169]; on agriculture in New World, [265]-66, [272]; on backwardness of living American tribes, [223]-24; on cornlike Asian grasses, [274]; on existence of glacial man, [290]; on extinction of mammals, [202]-3; on migration routes, [22]; on pluvials, [294] Sauk Valley man, [133] Sautuola, Marcelino de, [112] Schultz, C. Bertrand, discoveries of, [166]; on existence of glacial man, [290] Scopes trial. See [Monkey trial] Scott, William B., on historic existence of Pleistocene mammals, [197] Sculpture, [171]; Aurignacian, [98], [256]; Magdalenian, [107], [256] Sellards, E. H., believes Oklahoma find glacial, [146]; discoveries of, [133]-34, [171] Seton, Ernest Thompson, [200] Shanidar Cave, [96] Simpson, Sir George C., on rainfall during Great Ice Age, [294]; on solar energy during glaciation, [57]-59 Simpson, George Gaylord, [281] Smith, Sir Grafton Elliot, [16]; on autochthonous origin of Indian cultures, [239]-40 Smith, Joseph, [15], [16] Smith, Philip S., on crossing into New World, [20] Smith, Reginald A., [173] Solecki, Ralph S., [96] Solutreans, [102]-7, [283]-84; artifacts of, [158], [165]; hypothesis of invention of bow and arrow by, [108]; hypothesis of origin of, [104]; as offshoot of Mousterians, [104], [284]; painting and sculpture of, [256] Southern apes, [85]-87 Spear points, association with animal fossils of, [149], [189]; Clovis Fluted, [148]-49, [153], [169], [180]-81; Folsom, [144]-51, [153]-62, [164]-66; invention of, [88], [90]; Ohio Fluted, [148]; as puzzle of New World, [281]-83; as signs of migration routes, [20], [21]; Solutrean, [104]-7 Spillman, Franz, discoveries of, [194]-95 Spinden, Herbert J., on possibility of paleolithic man in Americas, [287]-88 Stahl, Willy, discoveries of, [170] Steinheim man, [80]; resemblance to Swanscombe, [79] Stephens, John L., [129] Stewart, George R., on significance of scrapers, [103]; on use of animal carcasses, [35] Stewart, T. D., [134]; on Tepexpan man, [138] Strong, Duncan, [274]; and Indian myths, [192] Strong, W. D., discovers milling stones, [169] Sullivan, Louis R., [218] Swanscombe man, [80]; similarity to Neanderthal man of, [77], [78]
T Talgai man, [221], [224] Tang, in Aterian arrowheads, [105]-7; in Solutrean points, [104]-6 Tartars, thought to be forebears of Indians, [13], [14] Taylor, Griffith, on early Australoid migration, [223]-24 Telanthropus, [85] Ten Kate, C. F., discovers Pericú skulls, [135]; recognizes Australoid in America, [218] Tepexpan man, [137]-38, [278]; challenged, [140] Terra, Helmut de, discoveries of, [137]-38, [175], [177] Thomsen, Christian Jutgenson, defines culture periods, [33] Tools, in association with animal fossils, [164]-67, [169], [177], [179], [195]; Aurignacian, [99], [107]; chopping, [286]-87; core, [100], [174], [183], [286]; for the dead, [88]; earliest association of human remains with, [75], [84], [85]; flake vs. core, [68]; flaked, [70], [80], [81], [86], [88], [90]-94; of Fontechevade man, [80]; natural development of, [67], [68] Tree rings, [49] Treganza, A. E., discoveries of, [160] Trepanning, defined, [7] Tule Springs, discoveries at, [182]
U Uhle, Max, excavates Quito find, [194]-95 Uranium, in dating, [139]-40
V Vaillant, George C., [xii]; dates sites of Indian culture, [247] Varves, [132]; defined, [49] Vavilov, N. I., on temperate origins of agriculture, [266] Vespucci, Amerigo, [11] Vicuña, [8] Voltaire, on origin of man in New World, [15]