(a) Aŋ kàgalítan nila Andrès, Hwàn, at Mariyáno ay napáwì 35na. The quarrel between Andrés, Juan, and Mariano has been appeased; this is no doubt merely a plural with S -an (§ [377,a]) from the underlying word kagalìt (§ [398,c]).
It forms the underlying word of a simple active with mag- and abstract with pag- r: aŋ pagkakàgalítan a quarrel (of two or more 40people).
(b) Si Pédro ay kàibígan ni Maryà. Pedro is liked by Maria. Sina Pédro, Kulàs, at Hwàn ay sya ŋ maŋa kàibígan ni Mariyáno. Pedro, Nicolàs, and Juan are the ones whom Mariano likes. This is probably a real special static word corresponding to the transient with kà- (1) -an (§ [428]).
Derived active with mag-: Nagkàkàibígan si Pédro at si 5Hwána. Pedro and Juana are in love with each other, have come to like each other.
(c) Aŋ kàtwáan ay náhintòʾ sa pagdatìŋ naŋ isa ŋ magnanákaw. The rejoicing was stopped by the coming of a robber. This is, in form at least, a plural with S -an from an underlying -katuwàʾ, 10which is not known.
Derived active with mag-: magkàtwáan rejoice together, be merry together.
The same form is seen in kàliŋkíŋan; little finger, fifth finger; if this is from a root -liŋkìŋ.
15431. ka- (1) D -an. With doubling of the root and radical accent shift: Kàunà-unáha ŋ dumatìŋ si Hwàn. Juan got there the very first. So: kàhulì-hulíhan the very last.
(3) Additional transients, abstracts, and special static forms.
432. The prefix ka- in its involuntary meaning and the prefix 20kà- in its accidental meaning appear in an additional set of transients and abstracts with maka-, makà- prefixed for the active, ma-, mà- for the passives, and pagka-, pagkà- for the abstract. The meanings of these forms are most varied; especially in the direct passive, where the involuntary or accidental character of the actor 25sometimes reaches the point where an actor is entirely left out of view or lacking, and the passive borders closely on active meaning. For this reason it will be convenient to divide the uses into a number of somewhat arbitrarily defined groups. The forms are as follows: