(a) The form with p-in-a-ka- occurs as special static word: pinakamahàl most expensive, dearest; pinakamúra cheapest.
(b) More commonly from words with ma- (§ [454]): Si Risàl ay 40syà ŋ nagiŋ pinakamarúnoŋ na táo sa kapulua-ŋ-Filipínas. Rizal was the most learned man in the Philippines. pinakamalakàs strongest; pinakamalínis cleanest. So from: búti, hábaʾ, halagà, húsay, kínis.
501. i-kà-pa-, i-k-in-à-pa-. The instrumental passive with i-kà- (§ [417]) from words with pa- expresses the thing or circumstance causing someone to be made to do so and so. Ikinàpaalìs sa kanyà sa báhay ni Hwàn aŋ kanya ŋ paŋuŋumìt. His petty thievery caused him to be ordered to leave Juan’s house, to be dismissed from Juan’s house. Ikinàpàpaalìs nila sa kanyà aŋ kanya ŋ pinaggagawà ŋ katampalasánan sa maŋa háyop. His constant cruelty to 10the animals is forcing them to dismiss him. Aŋ kaibigàn nya ŋ màtúto ay sya nyà ŋ ikináparoon sa Espánya. His desire to get an education is what made him go to Spain. Baká mo ikàpahámak aŋ iyo ŋ pagparoòn. I am afraid your going there may cause you to be unfortunate. Ikàpàpahámak nya aŋ kanya ŋ pagsusundálo. 15His military service will cause him to fall into bad ways.
(a) With pag- either before or after the kà- a voluntary actor is implied who is caused to make someone or something do or be so and so. Aŋ ipinagkàpasakày ni Hwàn sa kanya ŋ máy sakit na kapatìd sa trèn sa lugàr naŋ sa karumáta ay aŋ katulínan naŋ 20trèn. What made Juan have his brother ride on the train rather than in a carriage was the speed of the train. Nagpaísip sya sa kanya ŋ maŋa eskwéla naŋ maŋa paraà ŋ ikàpagpàpalakè nilà sa kanila ŋ aklátan. He had his students think of means that would help them to make their library (get) larger.
25502. pa-ka- (1) -an. Local passive with pa- (§ [497]) from a word with ka- (§ [398]): pinakawalàn was allowed to go free.
503. ka-pa- (1) -an. Local passive with ka- (§ [419]) from a word with pa- (§ [481]): kapàpatuŋúhan the place one will be headed for.
30(a) Static words with ka-pa- -an are forms with ka- -an from words with pa-:
With S (§ [421]): Si Hwàn aŋ kapàtagálan ni Maryáno sa pagsísid sa túbig. Juan contends with Mariano in staying under water as long as possible.
35With S (1), (§ [423]); accent irregularly placed: Aŋ báta ŋ si Pédro aŋ sya ŋ kàpakitáan ni Maryà naŋ kanyà ŋ larwàn. Little Pedro is the child to whom Maria showed her toys and who showed her his.
With (2), (§ [422]): Aŋ kapabayaàn nya sa maŋa tuŋkúlin ay 40syà ŋ malakì nya ŋ kapintásan. His neglectfulness of his duties is his great fault.