TABLE
OF
BRITISH SEDIMENTARY AND FOSSILIFEROUS STRATA.
By H. W. BRISTOW.
| Subdivisions. | Foreign Equivalents. | Origin. | Commercial Products. | |||||||
| Post Pliocene. | Blown Sand. Raised Beaches. Alluvium. Brick Earth. River Gravel. CaveDeposits. Glacial Deposits. | Mud of the Nile. Loess of the Rhine. | Various. | Peat. Amber. Gold, Diamonds, and other Gems derived from the olderdeposits. | ||||||
| Pliocene. | Crags. | Sub-Apennine Strata. | Marine | Phosphatic Nodules. | ||||||
| Miocene. | Leaf Beds and Lignite. | Molasse. Faluns of Touraine. | and | Pipeclay. | ||||||
| Eocene. | Upper Eocene. Bagshot Beds. London Clay. Reading Beds, &c. | Calcaire Grossier. Nummulitic Lime- stones (European and Asiatic). | Freshwater. Estuarine and Marine. | Sand, Brown Coal, Pipeclay, Cement Stone, Bricks, and Pottery. | ||||||
| Upper Cretaceous. | White and Grey Chalk. Upper Greensand. | – | Maestricht Beds. Senonien Turonien. | Marine and Freshwater (Wealden). | Flints from Up. Chalk. Phosphate of Lime. Iron Pyrites. SandyIronstones. Building Stone. | |||||
| Gault. | – | Albien. | ||||||||
| Lower Cretaceous. | Lower Greensand. Wealden Beds, &c. | Aptien. Neocomian. | ||||||||
| Upper Oolitic. | – | Purbeck. Portland and Kimeridge. | Estuarine and Marine. | Coal, Jet, Iron Ores, Roofing Slates, Building Stones, and Flags. AlumShales. Hydraulic Lime- stones. | ||||||
| Middle Oolitic. | Coral Rag & Oxford Clay. | |||||||||
| Lower Oolitic. | – | Cornbrash. Forest Marble and Great Oolite. Stonesfield Slate. Inferior Oolite. | Jura Formation. | Marine. | ||||||
| Lias. | ||||||||||
| Keuper. Bunter. | Rhætic. New Red Marl, Sandstone, and Conglomerate. Sandstone & Pebble Beds. | Muschelkalk absent in British Isles. | Inland Seas. Salt Lakes. | Gypsum. Rock Salt. Building Stones. | ||||||
| Magnesian Lime- stone. | Red Marls and Magnesian Limestone. | Zechstein. Kupferschiefer. Rothliegende. | Marine. | Building Stones. | ||||||
| Lower Permian. | Red Marl, Sandstone, and Conglomerate. | |||||||||
| Carboniferous. | Coal Measures. Millstone Grit. Yoredale Rocks. Mountain Limestone. | Carboniferien. | Terrestrial and Marine. | Coal, Anthracite. Iron and Lead Ores. Bldng. Stone,Marble. Oil Springs. | ||||||
| Devonian and Old Red Sandstone. | Devonian Slates and Limestones. Old Red Sandstone, &c. | Eifel Limestone. | Marine and Freshwater. | Ornamental Marbles. Serpentine & Slates. Tin, Copper, Lead, Silver Ores,&c. | ||||||
| Upper Silurian. | – | Ludlow. Wenlock. Upper Llandovery. | Primordial Zone. | Marine. | Roofing Slates. Building Stones. Gold & other Metals. | |||||
| Lower Silurian. | – | Lower Llandovery. Bala and Caradoc. Llandeilo. Lingula Flags. | ||||||||
| Cambrian. | Harlech Grits. Llanberis Slates. | Huronian of America. | Marine. | Roofing Slates. Gold & other Metals. | ||||||
| Laurentian. | Gneiss of the Outer Hebrides, and N.W.Coast of Scotland. | Labradorite Series in Canada. | Marine. | Serpentine. Graphite. | ||||||
| Metamorphic Rocks (of all ages):— Gneiss, Mica-schist, Quartzite, Talcose-schist, &c. (Serpentine probably?) | ||||||||||
| Intrusive Rocks (of all ages):— Lavas, Basalt, Trachyte, Pitchstone, &c. Granite, Syenite, Greenstone, Felstone, Porphyrites, Melaphyres, Mica-Traps, &c. &c. | ||||||||||