Jumentum, see [Pecus].
Jurgium, see [Disceptatio].
[Jusjurandum]; Juramentum; Sacramentum. Jusjurandum, and the later word juramentum, denote a civil oath, by which a man confirms or promises something; sacramentum denotes a military oath, by which the soldier solemnly pledges and binds himself not to forsake his standard. Liv. xxii. 38. Milites tunc quod nunquam antea factum erat, jurejurando a tribunis militum adacti jussu consulum conventuros neque injussu abituros; nam ad eam diem nihil præter sacramentum fuerat. And xxxv. 19. (vi. 183.)
Juvare, see [Auxilium].
Juvenis, see [Puer].
Juventa; Juventus; Juventas; Juvenalis; Juvenilis. 1. Juventa (from ζέω, ζόη), is the season of youth; juventus, a collection of young men; Juventas, the goddess of youth. 2. Juvenalis denotes youthful, either indifferently, as that which belongs to young people, or with praise, in opp. to the weakness of old age; whereas juvenilis denotes youthful, with the accessory moral notion of what is in conformity with the character of young people, mostly with blame, in opp. to the maturity of age. (v. 46.)
[ L.]
[Labare]; Titubare; Vacillare; Nutare. Labare (the ancient Gothic word, slipan, from λωφᾶν), denotes tottering, with reference to the whole body, which rests on no firm basis; titubare (from ταφεῖν, τυφλός), with reference to the feet, which refuse their service, and stagger; vacillare (ἧκα) with reference to the upper part of the body, which wants its upright, steady, secure position; lastly, nutare (from νεύειν) with reference to the head, which seems ready to fall off. The titubans threatens to sink to the ground; the vacillans, to fall over. Titubatio betrays bodily weakness; vacillatio, want of external dignity, and a steady carriage. (iii. 62.)
Labes, see [Vitium].
[Labi]; Cadere. Labi (from λείβω) means to fall, with reference to the point from which, and to the space through which, any one glides or sinks down, like ὀλισθεῖν; whereas cadere means to fall, with reference to the point which a man reaches by his fall, as to come to the ground, like πεσεῖν. Virg. Æn. vi. 310. Lapsa cadunt folia. Cic. Brut. 49. Quibus vitiis labatur aut cadat orator. (i. 128.)