Place.Miles.Description.
Inter-mediate.Total.
Karkoj——R. bank Blue Nile.
Kamrab1818From Karkoj, a narrow but well definedtrack leads through bush, thick in places, to the village ofKamrab, half a mile beyond which is a well and trees givingexcellent shade.
Abu Hashim4½22½The R. Dinder is reached at Abu Hashim(Sheikh El Amin), a village on the left bank. The Dinder 100 yardswide was dry here (March, 1902), but there were water holes in itsbed.
Meshra Deberki12½35The road here crosses the Dinder andfollows the river to Meshra Deberki. River dry here, and about 100yards wide, but water holes in bed, and there is a large pool about¼ mile up the river. No village here. Little shade at Meshra, butplenty ½ mile further up the river.
The track here leaves the river, andafter crossing an open piece passes through thick bush for 2 miles,after which an open grassy plain with scattered bush extends forsome distance.
The track is merely a single donkey trackover deeply cracked cotton soil, and is bad going.
Khor Atshan1752Khor Atshan is crossed; a shallow khordraining into the Dinder.
River Rahad1668Track continues same with occasional bushto the Rahad; a few tukls here. Rahad in pools.
Hawata371Three miles on down stream, Hawata isreached on the right bank. Here there is a pool a ¼ mile long. Finesunt trees.

26.—ROSEIRES to ABU SHANEINA by RIGHT BANK.

By Major C. W. Gwynn, R.E., 1900.

Place.Miles.Description.
Inter-mediate.Total.
Roseires——Mamuria, about 50 feet above the river onone of the steep spurs, which form the escarpment between thegeneral level of the country and the lower river bank. For thefirst 2 miles the road winds round these spurs close to the river.The road hilly. Then leaving the river it gets into flat countrywith thick thorn bush.
2¾2¾Path leads to El Damazin, a small villageon the river (not visited).
Abu Zago2¾5½Village lies to the east of the road andN. of the khor (not visited).
Khor Abu Zagoli16½A well defined channel 20 yards wide,banks 10 feet high, and steep. Halting place for water 200 yards S.of the khor. Water from the Nile about 1 mile. Cultivation at themouth of the khor. Shelter tukls at halting place.
El Kharaba39½Three ways lead to the village which liesE. of the road not visited. Recognised camping ground, muchovergrown with trees and little clear space. No tukls, ¼ mile towater. From here to about the 15th mile the river is inaccessible,country flat, road good. At 15 miles it approaches the river on ahigh bluff, and Dakhila can be seen. Thence road descends and wouldin the wet season be very swampy. Thick jungle.
Dakhila8½18Small village of about 30 tukls. Liesvery low and has all the appearance of being feverish.
Water supply in the dry season from amuddy pool in a dried up channel, bad.
From Dakhila the road runs W. followingthe river, passing the spurs of J. Maba at about the 22nd mile,road hilly and stony. After passing Maba, country is moreopen.
Khor Abu Ge725Stony 100 yards wide, banks steep.
Khor Aiwani½25½100 yards wide, thickly wooded, slopeseasy.
Khor Yabis½26A well defined channel 20 yards wide,river within easy reach between Khor Aiwani and Khor Yabis.
Khor Yare1½27½A well defined channel 10 yardswide.
Abu Gemai1½29Rest tukls on high bank commanding a fineview of the river. Very good camping ground for small party. Waterclose, but road to it steep. Village of Abu Gemai on opposite bank,considerable cultivation. J. Fazogli visible.
After Abu Gemai the road leaves theriver, and water is not obtainable for some way.
Khor Zarifa433Very stony, 25 yards wide, said to risein J. Dimr, but more probably in J. Samina. Forms boundary betweenFazogli and Roseires.
Khor Abu Gerin4½37½15 yards wide, sandy. About 1 mile, and 2miles further on are two small khors and dom palms begin.
Ardeiba340½Recognised halting place, but tukls burntdown. Water 200 yards distant. River narrows to about 150 yards,river bank consisting of shingle cliffs. Village of Ardeibaopposite scattered tukls with little cultivation.
Khor El Masella1½42Wide valley ½ mile, well defined channelin middle.
Khor El Ghana2¼44¼Road to Famaka goes straight on, that toAbu Shaneina turns down the bed of the khor and leads to the ferry.Very rough stony foreshore.
Abu Shaneina Ferry¾45One boat capable of taking horses.Crossing about 300 yards. Village consists of scattered tukls amongcultivation. Starting place for most of the caravans to BeniShangul and Fadassi. Gold coinage (native) obtainable, also sheepand dura. A few donkeys.

27.—SENGA viâ DURRABA to UM EL RUG.

By Captain H. F. S. Amery, March, 1903.

Place.Miles.Description.
Inter-mediate.Total.
Mena——Opposite to Senga, on R. bank Blue Nile,Sheikh Adlan, descendant of Fung Sultans of Sennar Fungs andHawazma. Broad well, defined track, good going.
Lueisa (on Dinder)15½15½Sheikh Ali Wad Idris, El Hamada, and someAshraf. At Lueisa also lives Sheikh El Agab, Head Sheikh ofDinder.
Track keeps away from river to cut offbends, direction about S.E. Cultivation near village.
Um Saba7½23Jungle closes in on both sides trackafter Kakum.
Khamisa4½27½Track well defined,soon after Khamisa enters bed of river, and comes out again sameside. Cultivation at villages, dura and semsem.
Abu Hashim7½35
El Hagar——
Murafa7½42½Most of villages on Dinder are nearpools, some have to dig for water in river bed.
Wad Bashush2½45Some game seen, oribi, reedbuck,&c.
Durraba7½52½Last inhabited place on Dinder.
Meshra Sherif860½Large pool.
„ Rekeba——Path less clearlydefined; black cotton soil, badly cracked; shadeless; tracks anddroppings of elephants abundant from Duraba whole way up Dinder.After this see no more people on Dinder.
„ Abgir5½66
Koka——
El Laban——
Refadik12½78½All places from Durraba onwards are onlywater pools, but were mostly hellets in old government days. Wateron Dinder excellent throughout, pools more frequent higher upriver.
Wad El Haj1189½After Refadik country looks moreinteresting, and good deal of game seen, ariel plentiful, freshelephant and buffalo tracks. From here a track made by game cutsacross large bend of river for about 2 miles. The only means ofprogress for hamla after this is in bed of river. Sand heavy, butsuits the camels well.
Meshra Gazar594½
Khor Gelagu10½105
„ Masawik1½106½
Beit El Wahesh——
El Dueim7113½
Semsir2½116Name applies to district around.
Um Bilbis13129
Um El Rug4½133½In this neighbourhood game is plentiful,such as elephant, buffalo, roan, hartebeest, tiang, ariel reedbuck,ostrich, warthog, &c. There are also heglig, talh, kittr,hashab, sunt, kakamot and suba trees. Forests much damaged byjungle fires all along Dinder.

28.—MOUTH OF KHOR GELAGU (DINDER) to GALLABAT.

By Captain H. F. S. Amery, March, 1903.

Place.Miles.Description.
Inter-mediate.Total from Durraba.
Khor Gelagu—53½A tributary on R. bank of Dinder, 53½miles above Durraba.
Farsh El Ghani——Track (made by game)keeps away from Gelagu on R. bank, going pretty good; woods (notdense) alternating with large open plains, covered with high grass,called farshes. Ras Amer is a long shallow lake, the west end about1 mile from Gelagu (which winds very much), at this time (March) 2miles long E. and W. by 150 to 300 yards broad. East end about 2½miles from Gelagu. Open plains; either end of lake swarming withgame, water of lake very thick and slimy, with fishy taste owing tomillions of pelicans, geese, &c. Gave several of our men sorethroats.
„ „ Sanei——
Maya Ras Amer (west end of)659½
Camp7½67Strike N.N.E. for Rahad (camp on road),badly cracked cotton soil, yellow reed grass and sparsely scatteredtrees, but no obstacle to hamla marching in any direction acrosscountry, provided a couple of men go in front with axes to lop offbranches.
Warre10½77½Strike Rahad atWarre, which like all places mentioned here on the Rahad, used tobe flourishing hella in old government days, but now absolutelydeserted, and nothing to show that human beings have ever beenthere.
Wad Dam2½80
Wad Shusha2½82½River winds very much going alternatelyin every direction of compass, but doubtful if any time saved bymarching through jungle on either bank-bed 50 to 80 yardswide.
Araki688½All these places are on good pools.
Deleib Mugda492½ „ „ „
El Ebeik496½ „ „ „
Wad Arud5101½ „ „ „
Um Dakin2½104 „ „ „
Bed of river begins to be rocky in placesand going rough and bad for loaded camels; pools more numerous, notover 40 yards wide in most places.
Mukleil5109After here, better to march on R. bank,river bed stony.
Meshra Abid12121Soon after M. Abid leave river and strikeN.E. for Gallabat, soon strike on to track which goes from Gallabatto Hawata made by government last year. This road was made chieflyto enable cattle owners to take their cattle down Rahad, but theyall prefer to go viâ Gedaref because of the lions. Theroad is used to a small extent by honey seekers from Gallabat.Cotton soil badly cracked.
Babikr28½149½No water till Babikr-hella; consists ofseveral small groups of huts, cultivation, dukhn, semsem, cotton,dura. Inhabitants Takruris, Fors, Gunjara, &c. Country beginsto be more undulating, red sandstone, alternating with bad cottonsoil till Gallabat, stony in parts, bad going for camels.
Yunes——Village; well.
Basunda6½156 „ „
Kurunkula——
Wallak14170Sheikh of Gallabat and of thesevillages—El Sheikh Sheraf Abdalla. Well.
Khor Otruk9179Water in pool in khor.
Gallabat5½184½