The expression Dīn, however, is of general application, whilst Millah and Maẕhab are restricted in their use. [[ISLAM].]
RELIGIOUS DUTIES, The performance of. Strictly according to Muḥammadan law, it is not lawful to accept any remuneration for the performance of religious duties. But these injunctions are now totally disregarded, and fees are taken for almost every religious duty performed by an Imām. The teaching of the Hidāyah on the subject is as follows:—
“It is not lawful to accept a recompense for summoning the people to prayers, or for the performance of a pilgrimage, or of the duties of an Imam, or for teaching the Koran, or the law; for it is a general rule, with our doctors, that no recompense can be received for the performance of any duty purely of a religious nature. According to Shafei, it is allowed to receive pay for the performance of any religious duty which is not required of the hireling in virtue of a divine ordinance, as this is only accepting a recompense for a certain service; and as the acts above described are not ordained upon the hireling, it is consequently lawful to receive a recompense for them. The arguments of our doctors upon this point are twofold. First, the prophet has said, ‘Read the Koran, but do not receive any recompense for so doing’; and he also directed Othman-bin-Abeeyas, that if he were appointed a Mawzin “It is not lawful to receive wages for singing or lamentation, or for any other species of public exhibition, as this is taking a recompense for an act which is of a criminal nature, and acts of that nature do not entitle to a recompense in virtue of a contract.” RE-MARRIAGE. Re-marriage may take place with the divorcer before or after the completion of the ʿiddah, provided only the first or second sentence of divorce has been pronounced, but it cannot take place after a three-fold divorce until the divorced wife is married to another man and is divorced by him after the second marriage has been consummated. This is both Sunnī and Shīʿah law. (Tagore Law Lectures.) A widow can marry again at the expiration of four months and ten days after the death of her former husband. There is no restriction as to the period for a widower. RENTAL. Arabic ijārah (اجارة). [[HIRE].] REPENTANCE. Arabic taubah (توبة). Lit. “The turning of the heart from sin.” (An-Nawawī’s Commentary on Muslim, vol. ii. p. 354.) It is frequently enjoined in the Qurʾān, e.g.:— [Sūrah iv. 20]: “If they repent and amend let them be. Verily God is he who relenteth. He is merciful.” [Sūrah xxiv. 32]: “Be ye wholly turned to God, O ye believers, and it shall be well with you.”