1818.—Pension Law enacted. National Flag re-arranged, so that the Stripes represent the Original Thirteen Colonies and the Stars the present number of States. Treaty of Commerce and Boundary with England. Seminole war in Florida and Georgia.
1819.—Congress ratifies the Treaty for the Cession of Florida. Beginning of the discussion between the North and South in regard to the Slavery Question. The “Savannah”—the first steamer from New York to Liverpool.
1820.—Missouri Compromise passed. Navigation Act restricting importation to United States vessels. Country agitated over the Slavery question. Fourth official census, 9,633,822.
1822.—Florida made a territory. Ratio of Representation fixed at 40,000; Members, 213. Commercial treaty with France. Federal party disbands. Clintonian Democratic party organized in New York.
1823.—Independence of South American Republics acknowledged. Treaty with Great Britain for mutual suppression of the Slave Traffic. The “Monroe Doctrine” advanced. Party politics quiet.
1824.—John Quincy Adams, Whig, elected by the House. Second high Protective Tariff.
1825.—Panama Mission discussed. John Quincy Adams inaugurated.
1826.—Extensive Internal Improvements under the leadership of Clay. The Fiftieth Anniversary of American Independence. Death of Adams and Jefferson. Webster delivers his celebrated eulogy on them.
1827.—Experimenting on the construction of a railroad.
1828.—Tariff amended and Duties increased. Jackson elected President.