[Page 208].—l. 21. el tirano: i.e., Napoleon.
l. 22. Pelayo: cf. [note to p. 164, l. 22].
l. 24. Sella: this name and the others mentioned in this stanza are those of places and rivers in Asturias.
[Page 209].—l. 5. Reference to the Roman campaigns in Spain 377 from the beginning of the Second Punic War down to the time of Octavian.
ll. 12-13. The barbarian invasion of 409 A.D.
l. 16. Leovigildo: king of the Visigoths († 589).
l. 18. Arvas (or Arbas): a village of Oviedo.
l. 21. Lete, i.e., Guadalete, a river flowing into the Bay of Cadiz, near which the Arabs defeated Roderick.—Piles: a river of Oviedo in Asturias.—Tarique: Tarik, commander of the invading Arabs.
l. 28. Auseva, Auseba, the mountain of Asturias containing the cave of Covadonga in which Pelayo and his followers took refuge from the Arabs.
l. 31. Ildefonso: San Ildefonso, bishop of Toledo († 667).